1/10. Chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy.The diagnostic criteria, natural history, nerve conduction characteristics, pathology, laboratory features, and efficacy of corticosteroid treatment have been evaluated personally in 53 patients with chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy (CIP) who were followed up for an average of about 7.5 years. These were patients whose monophasic neurologic deficit had not crested by 6 months, patients with recurrences, and patients with a steady or stepwise progression. The typical features of CIP include absence of an associated disease, frequent history of preceding infection or receipt of foreign protein, and tendency to involve cranial, truncal, and proximal as well as distal limb structures and to have diffusely slow conduction velocity of peripheral nerves. The most marked slowing is often very proximal. The pathologic features include serous edema, mononuclear cell infiltrates (especially in perivascular areas, but without evidence of vasculitis), macrophage-induced segmental demyelination, and hypertrophic neuritis. If our patients are representative, complete recovery occurs only infrequently; about 60% of patients are able to be ambulatory and work, 25% become confined to a wheelchair or become bedridden, and approximately 10% die from their disease. Although the bulk of the pathologic changes affect spinal roots and proximal nerves, the brain and spinal cord may be involved also. Degeneration into linear rows of myelin ovoids is the predominant type of myelinated fiber degeneration of the sural nerve at the ankle.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = polyradiculoneuropathy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Benign transient urinary retention.Three cases of acute urinary retention due to sacral myeloradiculitis are described. The authors stress the importance of diagnosing this rare and benign condition, which, in the past, has too often been mislabelled as either psychogenic or the first manifestation of a demyelinating disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.00068760471924297keywords = demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. myelography in guillain-barre syndrome (acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy).The guillain-barre syndrome has been studied by lumbar myelography with watersoluble contrast media in seven cases. Abnormalities, which consisted of widening of the nerve roots and obliteration of the root sleeves, were found in three of them. It is possible that myelography accentuated the symptoms in one case while the rest tolerated the examination well.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.8keywords = polyradiculoneuropathy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculitis in a patient with multiple sclerosis.A case of multiple sclerosis (MS) occurred in which there were recent demyelinated plaques in the CNS, and inflammatory demyelination and remyelination in the peripheral (Schwann cell) portions of the spinal roots. The lesions in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) were characterized by inflammation, primary segmental demyelination, myelin stripping, the occurrence of lipid debris-containing macrophages in the endoneurium, and remyelination. To our knowledge, this is the first description of simultaneous acute inflammatory demyelination in the CNS and PNS in MS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0027504188769719keywords = demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral roots in the dysimmune inflammatory polyneuropathies.The diagnosis of acute guillain-barre syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy is based on clinical characteristics, abnormalities on nerve conduction studies, and nerve biopsy specimens indicating demyelination. inflammation and edema are also common findings in nerve specimens. immunotherapy is helpful in these dysimmune conditions. Occasionally the diagnosis is difficult to make, particularly when electrophysiological testing or nerve biopsy findings are not characteristic. The authors found contrast enhancement of lumbosacral roots in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and guillain-barre syndrome, but not in those with other demyelinating neuropathies. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging could be a useful tool in the diagnosis of the dysimmune inflammatory neuropathies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.43363082157847keywords = polyradiculoneuropathy, inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Recurrent acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.We report a patient who developed recurrent acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculitis (AIDP) receiving immunosuppressive treatment with cyclosporin and prednisone for secondary chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an unrelated donor for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). After the second relapse of AIDP, cyclosporin was discontinued and a rapid, sustained improvement of his neurological deficits occurred. The role of cyclosporin and systemic CMV infection in the pathogenesis of AIDP in this patient are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.08235804214807keywords = inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. A case of chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy resembling the guillain-barre syndrome.A case of demyelinating polyneuropathy is reported which was clinically and pathologically indistinguishable from the guillain-barre syndrome, with the exception that the symptoms progressed steadily for 7 months. Pathologically, the peripheral nerves and intraspinal roots showed selective demyelination with axonal sparing and patchy mononuclear inflammation. The posterior columns of the spinal cord also showed selective demyelination with axonal sparing. The simultaneous destruction of central and peripheral myelin is discussed in relation to the immune theory for the guillain-barre syndrome. Numerous anterior horn cells showed severe chromatolysis although there was little axon loss. It is suggested that chromatolysis may occur after severe and longstanding demyelination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0034380235962149keywords = demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. mixed connective tissue disease associated with acute polyradiculoneuropathy.A rare case of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) with acute polyradiculoneuropathy is reported. A 23-year-old woman presented with high body temperature, arthralgia and a headache, and developed gait disturbance two weeks later. She had many clinical features common to patients with MCTD. Her neurological manifestations were diagnosed as acute polyradiculoneuropathy based on the clinical picture, combined with supportive ancillary data, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, electrophysiological evaluation, sural nerve biopsy, peroneus brevis muscle biopsy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Her neurologic deficits, as well as associated laboratory findings, were improved by corticosteroid therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = polyradiculoneuropathy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Chronic polyradiculoneuropathy of infancy. A report of three cases with familial incidence.Two siblings and a third child exhibited a syndrome of progressive muscular weakness and wasting, closely resembling Werdnig-Hoffmann's disease. autopsy of one of the siblings and the third child showed nearly total absence of myelin sheaths in the cranial and spinal nerve roots, relative preservation of axons, and normal neurons in the motor cranial nerve nuclei and anterior spinal gray matter. The mother of the siblings had bilateral pes cavus, and the father of the third child had a sensory-motor polyneuropathy dating to childhood, associated with pes cavus and scoliosis. The disorder in these children and in a few similar cases in the literature shares some features of charcot-marie-tooth disease and the hypertrophic neuropathy of Dejerine-Sottas, but it is difficult to classify as either of these familial neuropathies as presently defined. Elevation of cerebrospinal fluid protein is a useful finding in distinguishing such children from patients with Werdnig-Hoffmann's disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.8keywords = polyradiculoneuropathy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Deep vein thrombi associated with the use of plastic ankle-foot orthoses.Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a well-known complication of neurologic disorders that result in immobility, such as stroke and spinal cord injury. There is little information available, however, regarding the association of DVT with orthotic devices commonly used in this patient population. We report an unusual case in which lesser saphenous vein DVTs were associated with the use of plastic ankle-foot orthoses (PAFOs) in a patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy treated with plasmaphoresis and intravenous Ig. The possible role of PAFOs in the development of the DVTs, as well as other contributing factors such as plasmaphoresis, is discussed. The need for posthospitalization DVT prophylaxis in patients with paralysis is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.21647160842961keywords = polyradiculoneuropathy, inflammatory demyelinating, demyelinating (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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