1/33. MR imaging of complex tail-gut cysts.Retrorectal-cyst hamartomas (RCH) are rare developmental tail-gut cystic tumours of the retrorectal space, which occasionally undergo malignant transformation. We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in two patients with RCH and in a third patient with unclassified sarcoma arising from a RCH. The RCH were hypointense or hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images; they did not enhance and they contained multiple septations. A solid component in the periphery of one cyst was markedly hypointense on T2-weighted images in keeping with fibrous material. The sarcoma arising from the wall of the RCH enhanced and was of intermediate signal intensity on all sequences. MR may help establish the diagnosis of RCH if an unenhanced cystic tumour is discovered in the retrorectal space and it can help detect those rare cases of malignant transformation of these developmental tumours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/33. Clonal analysis of a case of multifocal oesophageal (Barrett's) adenocarcinoma by comparative genomic hybridization.Oesophageal adenocarcinomas arising in Barrett's epithelium occasionally present as multiple lesions. This could be due to either a multifocal presentation of the same tumour, or different neoplasms arising simultaneously in a dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus ('field cancerization'). This is a report of the genetic analysis of multiple neoplastic sites in a Barrett's oesophagus with an extensive area of dysplasia. In addition, the dysplastic Barrett's epithelium was evaluated. For the genetic screening, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) allowed evaluation of the whole genome of each specimen. Five cancerous regions were selected and subsequently dissected from paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. The use of archival materials enabled a targeted collection of representative tumour locations. Multiple genetic aberrations were detected by CGH in all cancer sites. Losses on 3p, 4, 7q, 18q, and Y, as well as gains on 8q, 9q, 12p, 13q, 17q, 20p and X, were found in each specimen. In four out of the five lesions, simultaneous losses on 9p, 15q, and 16q, with concomitant gains on 5p, 7q, and 10p, were disclosed by CGH. Adjacent high-grade dysplastic Barrett's mucosa shared the losses on 3p, 4, 7q, 9p, 18, and Y, as well as the gains on 5p, 7q, 13q, 17q, and X, thereby confirming its precursor status. Within this single and rare case of multifocal Barrett's adenocarcinoma, a monoclonal genotype was present. This must have been caused by an extensive outgrowth of a single tumour.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.8353727201432keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/33. Pleuropulmonary blastoma: A case report documenting transition from type I (cystic) to type III (solid).BACKGROUND: Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a rare, aggressive neoplasm that typically occurs in young children. It has been classified as type I, II, or III on the basis of the cystic versus solid nature of the lesion as well as the histologic appearance. Although it has been speculated that type I lesions may have a tendency to progress into type III lesions, no such case has been reported to date. methods: A case of type I pleuropulmonary blastoma in a girl age 2 years 9 months was found in our departmental archive. This case, originally diagnosed as a hamartoma over 20 years ago, predated the description of this pathologic entity. Over a 3-year period, the patient underwent excisions of a primary tumor and 3 subsequent recurrences, thus allowing us to follow the natural history of this neoplasm. RESULTS: The primary tumor was a large, multicystic mass (roughly 90% cystic by volume) with benign histologic appearance except for occasional foci with bland, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomatous features. In subsequent recurrences, the resected specimens became increasingly solid and had an anaplastic, multiphasic mesenchymal pattern. CONCLUSIONS: The course of the patient described here represents the first case in which transition from type I (cystic) to type III (solid) was documented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.6707454402864keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/33. recurrence of pulmonary mucinous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy.Cystic mucinous tumors of the lung are recently described neoplasms whose histology is different from most lung adenocarcinomas, and represent a spectrum of malignant potential. Little is known of the behavior of the more malignant subtype. We present a cystic mucinous tumor of borderline malignancy that recurred locally following initial limited resection, and was treated with lobectomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.8353727201432keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/33. Human papillomavirus infection in Netherton's syndrome.BACKGROUND: Netherton's syndrome (NS) is a hereditary disorder with dermatological signs (e.g. ichthyosis) and a complex immunological dysfunction. In immunodeficient individuals human papillomavirus (HPV) types are associated with carcinomas on non-mucosal sites. OBJECTIVES: To study the presence of HPV infection in different skin lesions of three male NS patients and to investigate a possible association between HPV and malignancies in NS. methods: Patient 1 had extraordinary widespread multiple skin carcinomas on sunlight-exposed areas, as well as common viral warts. Patient 2 showed disseminated viral plane warts that resolved spontaneously, and patient 3 was free of skin lesions suspicious for HPV infection; only pseudoepitheliomatous wart-like lesions as a symptom of ichthyosis were apparent. We performed nested polymerase chain reaction analysis of dna from benign and malignant skin lesions and HPV-8 serology in these three patients. RESULTS: antibodies to HPV-8 were not detectable in our patients; however, seven of 22 (31%) biopsies of the three NS patients were positive for HPV dna. epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) -associated HPV types and normal cutaneous types (HPV-2, HPV-28) were detected. Interestingly, only the patient with cutaneous carcinomas harboured, preferentially in malignant lesions, EV-HPV types (HPV-19, 23, 38 and HPV-RTRX9, closely related to EV-HPVs), whereas plane warts of patient 2 were positive for HPV-28. The pseudoepitheliomatous skin lesions were HPV-dna negative in all investigated probes. CONCLUSIONS: These data in NS patients further confirm an association of EV-HPVs with non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and suggest a possible carcinogenic role similar to that assumed for NMSC in transplant recipients. A complex immunological disorder facilitating EV-HPV infection, negative HPV serology and photochemotherapy may all have contributed to the unusual occurrence of multiple cancers in one of our NS patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = complex (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/33. bloom syndrome in sibs: first reports of hepatocellular carcinoma and wilms tumor with documented anaplasia and nephrogenic rests.The triad of small body size, immunodeficiency, and sun-sensitive facial erythema characterizes the phenotype bloom syndrome (BS), a rare autosomal recessive disorder with a striking predisposition to multiple types of cancers that arise earlier than expected in the general population. Here we report two sibs with BS. The older, a 15-year-old-girl, developed a hepatocellular carcinoma, a neoplasm not yet reported in association with BS. Her younger brother developed an anaplastic wilms tumor (WT) associated with nephrogenic rests at the age of 31/2 years, and this was followed by a myelodysplastic syndrome. Complex cytogenetic abnormalities were identified in all three neoplasms. These examples expand the spectrum of malignancies occurring in BS to include liver cell neoplasms, and confirm the association of nephrogenic rests with WT, even in the setting of BS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.5061181604295keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/33. laser therapy of human benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin.radiation of a powerful neodymium-doped glass pulsed laser, Pulsar-1000 type, has been used for therapy of 235 patients with a total of 257 precancerous lesions and benign tumours, 76 basal and squamous cell carcinomas, 13 melanoblastomas and 59 metastatic melanoblastomas in the skin. Energy density used in the treatment of precancerous lesions and benign tumours was 200-450 J/cm2, in basal and squamous cell carcinomas 400-500 J/cm2, in melanoblastomas and their skin metastases 800-1 000 J/cm2. The results have been satisfactory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11.341490880573keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/33. Seborrhoeic keratosis or occult malignant neoplasm of the skin?BACKGROUND: Seborrhoeic keratosis is generally considered to be a benign lesion of the skin. observation: We present the case of a 68-year-old male who presented with clinically typical seborrhoeic keratosis that later histological examination showed partially covered an occult basal cell carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: To have an indication of what percentage of clinically apparent seborrhoeic keratoses may be associated with some form of histologically proven skin malignancy. methods: We carried out a retrospective analysis of approximately 23,000 histopathological examinations done on specimens from dermatological lesions. RESULTS: Fifty-nine (11.9%) clinically apparent seborrhoeic keratoses were later histologically diagnosed as basal cell carcinomas, 17 (3.4%) as squamous cell carcinomas, and five (1.01%) as malignant melanomas. CONCLUSIONS: Although the association of seborrhoeic keratosis and skin malignancy appears to be relatively uncommon, the possibility of such an association cannot be ruled out.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11.341490880573keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/33. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising on chronic osteomyelitis.We present a case of a primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the skin (MFH) arising on chronic osteomyelitis in a 67-year-old woman. Although this condition seems to be a predisposing factor for the onset of the malignancy, MFH complicating chronic osteomyelitis is generally localized at the level of the bone tissue. In the case we report the neoplasm was primitively localized at the dermal and subcutaneous level and presented as a rapidly growing mass.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.8353727201432keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/33. Primary adenovillous carcinoma of the bladder.Two cases of primary adenovillous carcinoma of the bladder are presented: one in a normally placed bladder and the other in an exstrophied bladder. The close association of these 2 neoplasms with coexistent cystitis glandularis would seem to support the possible precancerous nature of the latter entity. The remarkable similarity of these neoplasms to villous adenocarcinomas of the rectum is also described, a finding which may reflect the close embryologic origin of the rectum and bladder neck. A brief review of the classification of vesical adenocarcinomas is also given.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.6707454402864keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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