1/19. Fetal cataract in congenital toxoplasmosis.We report a case of the prenatal diagnosis of fetal cataract due to congenital toxoplasmosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such a case. We discuss the long-term ocular sequelae of the condition and how they should affect prenatal counselling.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/19. Pseudocystic form of neurocryptococcosis in pregnancy. Case report.We report a case of neurocryptococcosis which is unique in the literature because the patient had a pseudocystic form of the disease during pregnancy and without any evidence of AIDS. The clinical picture was that of intracranial hypertension and the epidemiological background was highly suggestive of cysticercosis. CT showed multiple round hypodense lesions in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, without contrast enhancement. Since a scolex was not visible, the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was considered probable. CSF examination was not performed in view of its high risk. The patient had progressive downhill course. autopsy disclosed multiple gelatinous pseudocysts in the cerebral and cerebellar gray matter, containing abundant cryptococcus neoformans. Meningeal involvement was minimal. The child was delivered by caesarean section and was free of infection, but died later of hyaline membrane disease. The neuroimaging appearances of this rare instance of the pseudocystic form of neurocryptococcosis mimicked closely neurocysticercosis and only postmortem examination allowed correct diagnosis. The pseudocystic form has so far only been reported in AIDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.7994493558382E-7keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/19. neurocysticercosis in pregnancy: a case initially diagnosed as eclampsia.BACKGROUND: neurocysticercosis is an infection of the central nervous system with the pork tapeworm's cysticercus. CASE: A 21-year-old Hispanic primigravida presented at 33 weeks' gestation with acute onset of mental status changes preceded by headaches and emesis. She was transferred comatose to our institution with a diagnosis of postictal state secondary to eclampsia. Upon arrival, the patient developed anisocoria, papilledema, posturing, and hypertension. neuroimaging showed an intraventricular cyst. The patient was treated with ventriculostomy, induction of labor, postdelivery shunting, albendazole, and prednisone. CONCLUSION: neurocysticercosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pregnant patients with coma and/or seizures, especially if the patient has emigrated from or traveled to an endemic area. albendazole, with shunt procedure, is the treatment of choice for intraventricular neurocysticercosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.0367831119156E-6keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/19. toxoplasmosis. Are cats really the source?BACKGROUND: toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the parasite toxoplasma gondii. It would appear to be one of the commonest human infections, but is usually asymptomatic. It is only problematic if the patient is pregnant or immunosuppressed. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis. DISCUSSION: cats have long been blamed for playing a major role as the reservoir of this infection. To some extent, this is true, although contact with infected raw meat is probably a more important cause of human infection in many countries. Direct contact with pet cats is also a less common risk factor for infection than ingestion of the oocyst from faecally contaminated hands (often via soil).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/19. Primary toxoplasma gondii infection in a pregnant human immunodeficiency virus-infected woman.We report a 36-year-old hiv-infected woman who developed primary toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy that was treated with spiramycin and antiretroviral drugs. There was no vertical transmission of toxoplasmosis and hiv.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/19. toxoplasmosis transmitted to a newborn from the mother infected 20 years earlier.PURPOSE: To present a case of congenital toxoplasmosis in a newborn whose mother had a 20-year history of a chorioretinal macular scar and positive serology for toxoplasmosis. DESIGN/methods: Case report. SETTING/RESULTS: A 38-year-old woman who had been treated for ocular toxoplasmosis 20 years earlier delivered a newborn who presented with a focal necrotizing retinochoroiditis characteristic of toxoplasmosis, as well as positive immunoglobulin (Ig) G and M serology for toxoplasmosis. The workup was negative for other entities. CONCLUSION: This case suggests that women with old retinal scars due to toxoplasmosis and long-standing IgG antibodies to toxoplasmosis are also at risk of transmitting this disease to the fetus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/19. Vertical transmission of toxoplasmosis from a chronically infected immunocompetent woman.We report the vertical transmission of congenital toxoplasmosis from a chronically infected immunocompetent woman to her child. On the background of published knowledge in this field, vertical transmission must have developed after maternal reinfection or reactivation of the preexisting disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/19. Severe neonatal toxoplasmosis after third trimester maternal infection.We report an unusual case of neonatal toxoplasmosis. After a late third trimester maternal infection, the infant developed severe disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, jaundice and severe pneumonitis. Clinicians that manage infants with severe unexplained systemic disease should consider the possibility of congenital toxoplasmosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/19. Granulomatous villitis formed by inflammatory cells with maternal origin: a rare manifestation type of placental toxoplasmosis.We present a case of placental toxoplasmosis with granulomatous villitis. The patient was a 26-year-old gravida 1 female with the findings of intrauterine death at 16th week of gestation. The pregnancy was terminated. Pathological examination revealed an autolysed fetus and a placenta with necrotizing granulomas within the villous stroma. Encysted toxoplasma gondii was rarely observed within the granulomas and serologic examination of the mother confirmed acute toxoplasmosis. A fluorocein in situ hybridization examination, using sex chromosome probes, revealed that the villous granulomas were formed by inflammatory cells, originated from the maternal immune system. In conclusion, T. gondii should be taken into consideration as a rare cause of placental granulomatous inflammation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of granulomatous villitis due to toxoplasmosis, in which formation by maternal inflammatory cells has been demonstrated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/19. Ocular toxoplasmosis in pregnancy.PURPOSE: To describe the course of ocular toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. methods: This study was a retrospective, non-comparative case series of four pregnant women who were treated for ocular toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. RESULTS: All of the participants had severe and treatment-resistant toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis during pregnancy, leaving three of them with decreased visual acuity in spite of aggressive therapy. Delivery of the infant appeared to help the recovery in two patients. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant state may provoke the recurrence of ocular toxoplasmosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = toxoplasmosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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