1/47. Three cases of typical aplastic anaemia associated with a philadelphia chromosome.We report three cases of typical aplastic anaemia (AA) associated with a philadelphia chromosome. This translocation was detected at the time of diagnosis of AA (one patient) and when overt leukaemia was diagnosed (two patients: one chronic myeloid leukaemia and one acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) after AA therapy and recovery of blood counts. We discuss the literature arguments about considering some cases of AA as preleukaemic disorders and suggest that our cases illustrate the association of AA with a clonal malignant disorder. We conclude that cytogenetic analysis is necessary at diagnosis of AA or after recovery of blood counts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/47. trisomy 4 and ring chromosome in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia.We describe a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) in whom cytogenetic analysis revealed trisomy 4 associated with a ring chromosome. In addition, in a cytogenetically unrelated clone, trisomy 8 and 5q- abnormalities were detectable. The possibility of a subclinical myelodysplastic syndrome preceding the onset of AML is discussed on the basis of the morphological and cytogenetic findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/47. bcr-abl-positive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with parvovirus B19 infection.The authors report an unusual presentation of a philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with two unusual features: a bcr-abl fusion mRNA coding for p210 protein and a T-cell immunophenotype. The patient was a 16-year-old boy who presented with septic shock and pancytopenia, likely precipitated by an acute parvovirus B19 infection. Management consisted of supportive therapy, followed by chemotherapy for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and stem cell transplantation. He died 8 months after transplant due to idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, but without evidence of relapsed disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/47. Chromosome 7 abnormalities in children with down syndrome and preleukemia.Three children, two boys and one girl, with down syndrome (DS) who presented with preleukemia and loss of all or part of chromosome 7 were studied. Initial presentation, with cytopenias and less than 25% blasts in the bone marrow, was between 13 and 30 months of age. Progression to acute nonlymphocytic leukemia occurred 1-8 months after initial presentation. The morphologic type was megakaryoblastic in two, and undifferentiated in one. Two children achieved remission with intensive therapy, and one continues in remission off therapy; the other child died in remission of accidental causes. The third child died of respiratory distress and leukemia after no intervention was chosen. These cases represent the first examples of chromosome 7 abnormalities associated with DS and leukemia, and suggest differences from the "monosomy 7" syndrome seen in children without DS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/47. Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis and abnormal bone marrow chromosomes as a marker for preleukemia.Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis or Sweet's syndrome is a rare disease, which occasionally is seen in patients with myeloid leukemia. We present a case of Sweet's syndrome in a patient with an abnormal chromosome pattern in bone marrow aspirate. Initially the patient had flu-like symptoms with high fever. Two weeks later raised, erythematous and painful plaques appeared on the skin. Various antibiotics were ineffective, but the symptoms vanished after administration of prednisone. Six months later a fulminant acute myeloid leukemia developed, the course of which was complicated by a fatal subdural bleeding. It is concluded that Sweet's syndrome may be a cutaneous sign of a neoplastic myeloid proliferation and that a complete hematological examination including chromosome analysis is mandatory in these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/47. Myelomonocytic leukaemia with a preleukaemic syndrome and Ph1 chromosome in monozygotic twins.A case of monozygotic twins with a preleukaemic phase of 3 1/2 years is reported. The final haematological picture was that of myelomonocytic leukaemia. The karyotype investigated in one twin during the final period of the disease showed a Ph1 chromosome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/47. Stimulation of nonclonal hematopoiesis and suppression of the neoplastic clone after treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in a patient with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome.A complete hematologic remission was achieved in a patient with therapy-related preleukemia and transfusion-dependent pancytopenia after treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The patient remained in remission for nearly 1 year despite the discontinuation of GM-CSF treatment. Several lines of evidence suggest that normal hematopoiesis was restored after GM-CSF treatment. First, the cytogenetic anomaly, which was present before GM-CSF, completely disappeared after three cycles of treatment. Cytogenetic conversion was documented by conventional karyotypic evaluation of mitotic bone marrow cell preparations as well as by premature chromosome condensation analysis of the nonmitotic cells of bone marrow and peripheral blood. Second, the growth pattern and cycle status of bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) and erythroid (BFU-E) progenitor cells were found to be normal during remission. Third, x chromosome-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism-methylation analysis of dna from mononuclear cells (greater than 80% lymphocytes) and mature myeloid elements showed a polyclonal pattern. These findings suggest that restoration of hematopoiesis in this patient after GM-CSF treatment may have resulted from suppression of the abnormal clone and a selective growth advantage of normal elements.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/47. trisomy of 1q in preleukaemia with progression to acute leukaemia.Marrow cells from an untreated man with preleukaemia were found to have trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 1 which was translocated to the end of the long arm of number 11, i.e., 46,XY, -11, t (1:11) (q11 or q12; q25). The same abnormality was found in metaphases from 8 individual granulocytic colonies. With development of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia, in addition to the basic chromosome abnormality, trisomy of chromosome 8 and an extra chromosome number 19 with partial deletion were found. fibroblasts grown from marrow biopsy material showed a normal diploid complement, 46,XY.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8208347621845keywords = chromosome abnormality, chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/47. Development of leukemia after doxorubicin and cisplatin treatment for ovarian cancer.alkylating agents have been the major group of chemotherapeutic agents associated with an increased incidence of secondary leukemias. In ovarian cancer alkylating agents have resulted in a lesser, although still increased, risk of secondary malignancies. This paper reports two cases of ovarian cancer treated with cisplatin and doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Adria laboratories, Columbus, OH), and the subsequent development of an acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and a preleukemia syndrome. This regimen does not contain alkylating agents, and has not been associated with leukemia in patients with ovarian cancer. In these two cases, abnormalities of chromosomes 5, 7, 11, and 17 are reported which have been shown to occur in therapy-related leukemia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/47. Acute myelogenous leukaemia with c-myc amplification and double minute chromosomes.cytogenetic analysis of bone-marrow cells from a woman with preleukaemia showed numerous mitoses with trisomy 4 and double minute chromosomes. These abnormalities were later seen in blood cells during subsequent acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Complete remission was achieved with three courses of doxorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and prednisone. A further clonal abnormality, trisomy 6, was seen in leukaemic cells after the first relapse. Analyses of total dna from the peripheral-blood cells during relapse showed that the c-myc oncogene was amplified about 30-fold in the leukaemic cells. The N-myc, c-mos, and c-myb oncogenes showed only single-copy signals. On average about two copies of c-myc resided on each dmin chromosome. The finding of amplification of a cellular oncogene (c-myc) in fresh AML cells containing double minute chromosomes suggests that clonal evolution of some leukaemia cell populations may involve selection for increased dosage of oncogenes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = chromosome (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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