1/227. Intracerebral pneumatocele: an unusual complication following intraventricular drainage in case of benign intracranial hypertension.The development of an intracerebral pneumatocele following ventricular catheterization for benign intracranial hypertension is described. The importance of skull radiography in the diagnosis of this previously unreported complication ist emphasized. This case demonstrates that air can accumulate without the need to implicate increased pharyngeal pressure, and despite raised intracranial pressure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/227. Raised intracranial pressure in minimal forms of craniosynostosis.Most cases of craniosynostosis are diagnosed during early infancy, but occasionally craniosynostosis evolves with minimal cranial involvement and goes unnoticed until late childhood. Seemingly these mild forms of craniosynostosis cause few, if any, symptoms of neurological involvement. We describe the cases of a 9-year-old girl and a 6-year-old boy who presented with evident signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP), together with a negligible skull deformity. We have termed these cases as occult craniosynostosis. Differential diagnosis in our patients was established against known causes of benign intracranial hypertension. Bilateral expanding craniotomies afforded total relief from the symptoms and signs of raised ICP. Neurosurgeons treating children with symptoms and signs of benign intracranial hypertension should be aware of the possibility of minimal forms of craniosynostosis evolving with marked manifestations of raised ICP.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/227. Retropharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma mimicking pseudotumor cerebri.A 6-year-old male presented with headache, vomiting, visual obscuration, and papilledema. Clinical presentation, initial laboratory data, and radiologic evaluation suggested a diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri. The development of lower cranial nerve palsies after transient resolution of symptoms prompted reassessment of the diagnosis, which revealed retropharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma involving the right jugular vein. cerebral angiography demonstrated the complete venous occlusion at the jugular foramen. Careful neurologic follow-up is essential in a patient with pseudotumor cerebri or idiopathic intracranial hypertension.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/227. Dural sinus thrombosis and pseudotumor cerebri: unexpected complications of suboccipital craniotomy and translabyrinthine craniectomy.OBJECT: The goal of this study was to document the hazards associated with pseudotumor cerebri resulting from transverse sinus thrombosis after tumor resection. Dural sinus thrombosis is a rare and potentially serious complication of suboccipital craniotomy and translabyrinthine craniectomy. pseudotumor cerebri may occur when venous hypertension develops secondary to outflow obstruction. Previous research indicates that occlusion of a single transverse sinus is well tolerated when the contralateral sinus remains patent. methods: The authors report the results in five of a total of 107 patients who underwent suboccipital craniotomy or translabyrinthine craniectomy for resection of a tumor. Postoperatively, these patients developed headache, visual obscuration, and florid papilledema as a result of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In each patient, the transverse sinus on the treated side was thrombosed; patency of the contralateral sinus was confirmed on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Four patients required lumboperitoneal or ventriculoperitoneal shunts and one required medical treatment for increased ICP. All five patients regained their baseline neurological function after treatment. Techniques used to avoid thrombosis during surgery are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: First, the status of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses should be documented using MR venography before patients undergo posterior fossa surgery. Second, thrombosis of a transverse or sigmoid sinus may not be tolerated even if the sinus is nondominant; vision-threatening pseudotumor cerebri may result. Third, MR venography is a reliable, noninvasive means of evaluating the venous sinuses. Fourth, if the diagnosis is made shortly after thrombosis, then direct endovascular thrombolysis with urokinase may be a therapeutic option. If the presentation is delayed, then ophthalmological complications of pseudotumor cerebri can be avoided by administration of a combination of acetazolamide, dexamethasone, lumbar puncture, and possibly lumboperitoneal shunt placement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/227. Extensive radiculopathy: a manifestation of intracranial hypertension.We report two patients with severe radiculopathy due to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) resulting from idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IHH) in one, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) in the other. Our aim is to document this unique association, which escaped diagnosis in both patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/227. recurrence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension after weight loss: the carrot craver.PURPOSE: To describe a patient with stable idiopathic intracranial hypertension whose papilledema worsened. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: A patient with documented idiopathic intracranial hypertension had resolution of disc edema with weight loss. recurrence of papilledema led to the discovery that she consumed large quantities of raw carrots to help maintain her weight. Her increased vitamin a levels normalized, and the disc edema resolved when she stopped eating carrots. CONCLUSION: patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension should be counseled regarding carrot intake.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/227. Rapid weight gain and benign intracranial hypertension in an AIDS patient on treatment with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART).We present the case of a 30-year-old woman with hiv/AIDS who experienced a 47% weight gain over a period of a year after commencing treatment with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and went on to develop benign intracranial hypertension (BIH). She was not on any other medication associated with BIH. Although weight gain has been reported in patients on treatment with protease inhibitors, such gains have been minimal to moderate. We are unaware of any previous report of this degree of weight gain or BIH in a patient on protease inhibitors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/227. Neuro-Behcet's disease.Behcet's disease (BD) is a multifocal disorder with an immunogenetic basis, which persists over many years. Initial descriptions mentioned oral and genital ulcers with uveitis. Later a number of other manifestations were added, like skin, joint and neurological. The involvement of nervous system (Neuro-Behcet's) is reportedly uncommon. We hereby report four cases of Neuro-Behcet's, i.e.; two cases of strokes involving multiple areas of the central nervous system and two cases had features of benign intracranial hypertension. All cases had mucocutaneous lesions or other system involvement. Cases satisfied the international study group criteria for diagnosis of BD. All cases were pathergy test positive. In comparison with the literature from turkey and greece, which reports a high pathergy positivity, reports from india have shown only few cases to be positive. The prognosis of Neuro-Behcet used to be poor but has recently been improved with reduced mortality, although whether this can be attributed to treatment with steroids and/or cytotoxic agents remains uncertain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/227. Benign intracranial hypertension associated with budesonide treatment in children with Crohn's disease.Oral budesonide in adult studies is a potent corticosteroid with decreased systemic bioavailability and an improved adverse effect profile in comparison with prednisone. It has recently been introduced for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in europe, canada, and israel. Benign intracranial hypertension has rarely been associated with corticosteroid therapy but has not been reported in association with budesonide therapy. Three adolescents with Crohn's disease and poor nutritional status developed benign intracranial hypertension while receiving oral budesonide. All three patients had previously received multiple courses of prednisone during the course of their disease, without developing intracranial hypertension. Benign intracranial hypertension resolved after medication withdrawal and did not recur with subsequent use of prednisone. Evaluation for benign intracranial hypertension should be considered in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who develop headache while receiving oral budesonide. This side effect may be associated with poor nutritional status.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/227. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and hemophilia a.OBJECTIVE: A patient with hemophilia a and long-standing recurrent symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension is described. During his relapses, he experienced headache, and attention and language disturbance, but no visual symptoms. BACKGROUND: hemophilia a is a rare inherited coagulation disorder secondary to factor viii deficiency. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension has been reported in association with prothrombotic conditions and iron deficiency anemia, but not in patients with hemophilia a. Recurrent or chronic headache is not a typical symptom of hemophilia, but headache is a presenting sign of intracranial bleed in persons with hemophilia. methods: Medical history review, clinical neurologic examination, brain magnetic resonance imaging, computed head tomography, and electroencephalogram were performed. RESULTS: neurologic examination revealed bilateral papilledema during relapses of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Multiple lumbar punctures preceded by the intravenous administration of factor viii early in the course of the illness confirmed the presence of elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressures and absence of subarachnoid blood. He had no complications from lumbar punctures. Initial electroencephalograms showed background slowing but later normalized. magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and computerized tomography of the head were normal. Relapses of idiopathic intracranial hypertension were eventually controlled with the administration of acetazolamide. CONCLUSION: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension may develop in patients with hemophilia a in the absence of visual symptoms. Therapeutic and diagnostic lumbar punctures were safe to perform on this patient, following the administration of factor viii.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8keywords = hypertension (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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