1/169. A case of peripartum eosinophilic myocarditis.A 19-year-old postpartum patient with a previous history of asthma and eosinophilic myocarditis is described. Eosinophilic myocarditis is thought to be caused by exacerbation of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome by pregnancy. The diagnosis was made by a right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy, which showed an eosinophilic infiltrate with a few scattered foci of myonecrosis, but no fibrosis, vasculitis or granulomas. The patient's myocardial function continued to decline over a two-year follow-up period, despite normal levels of eosinophils. She developed echocardiographic evidence of diastolic and systolic dysfunction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fibrosis, idiopathic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/169. Fatal pulmonary haemorrhage during anaesthesia for bronchial artery embolization in cystic fibrosis.Three children with cystic fibrosis (CF) had significant pulmonary haemorrhage during anaesthetic induction prior to bronchial artery embolization (BAE). Haemorrhage was associated with rapid clinical deterioration and subsequent early death. We believe that the stresses associated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) were the most likely precipitant to rebleeding and that the inability to clear blood through coughing was also an important factor leading to deterioration. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation should be avoided when possible in children with CF with recent significant pulmonary haemorrhage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.2353910337253keywords = fibrosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/169. Diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in immunocompromised patients.The differential diagnosis of bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates in immunocompromised patients is very extensive. We describe two immunocompromised patients with diffuse pulmonary infiltrative changes. Bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage after orotracheal intubation using topical anaesthesia combined with mild sedation in an ICU setting is safe in critically ill patients and often yields a conclusive diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0763127715754keywords = interstitial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/169. Familial extensive idiopathic bilateral pleural fibrosis.The authors report three sisters with bilateral isolated apical pleural fibrosis of unknown origin, which did not respond to empirical antituberculosis therapy and oral corticosteroids. The disease evolved in an unrelenting fashion producing pleural fibrosis at the lung bases and leading to the death of two sisters and to lung transplantation in the other one. There was no history of other familial disease or consanguinity. The particular features of these cases and the differences from other reports of apparently cryptogenic pleural fibrosis are outlined.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.5412346202352keywords = fibrosis, idiopathic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/169. Deficiency of lamellar bodies in alveolar type II cells associated with fatal respiratory disease in a full-term infant.We report a case of a full-term female infant who presented with severe respiratory distress shortly after birth and died at 23 d of age with unremitting respiratory failure. Infectious and other known causes of respiratory disease in this clinical setting were excluded. Examination of a lung biopsy showed abnormal lung parenchyma with features reminiscent of desquamative interstitial pneumonitis. Ultrastructural studies revealed that alveolar type II cells lacked cytoplasmic lamellar bodies, while other organelles appeared normal. Histochemical and immunohistochemical investigations indicated normal alveolar type II cell marker expression including surfactant proteins (SP-A, SP-B, pro-SP-B, and pro-SP-C). Mutations in the coding sequences of the SP-B gene were excluded as a cause of disease. This case appears to be a novel congenital defect affecting the pulmonary surfactant system. The cellular abnormality may involve the assembly of cytoplasmic lamellar bodies in alveolar type II cells-the principal storage site of pulmonary surfactant.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 121.98732214218keywords = interstitial pneumonitis, pneumonitis, interstitial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/169. flecainide-associated pneumonitis with acute respiratory failure in a patient with the leopard syndrome.Antiarrhythmic agents can cause pneumonitis. flecainide is a rare cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and few cases have been reported. We describe a case of interstitial hypoxaemiant pneumonitis probably related to flecainide in a patient with the leopard syndrome, a rare congenital disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 78.414543631097keywords = pneumonitis, interstitial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/169. Management of respiratory failure with ventilation via intranasal stents in cystic fibrosis.The case history is presented of a patient with acute respiratory failure complicated by nasal obstruction resulting in intolerance of nasal ventilation. Urgent insertion of nasal stents permitted restoration of ventilation with resolution of breathlessness and stabilisation of arterial blood gases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.3883128269802keywords = fibrosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/169. Total arch replacement with an aortic arch aneurysm due to chronic interstitial pneumonia: report of a case.The case of a 66-year-old man who had rheumatoid arthritis, chronic interstitial pneumonia (IP) with honeycomb lung, and an aortic arch aneurysm is described. He complained of left chest pain in April 1998 and chest computed tomography revealed an enlargement of a thoracic aneurysm whose maximum diameter reached 7 cm. He was urgently transferred to our institution to undergo immediate surgery for an impending rupture of the aneurysm. His PaO2 with 80 Torr with oxygen therapy. The operation included a median sternotomy, extracorporeal circulation with selective cerebral perfusion, the use of cold blood cardioplegic solution, and open distal anastomosis. Although an acute exacerbation of IP occurred 2 months after the surgery, he successfully received intensive care including high-dose steroid therapy and artificial ventilation. He was successfully weaned from the ventilator and is now being followed up with medical treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 15.381563857877keywords = interstitial (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/169. pulmonary fibrosis in a steel mill worker.We report a case of pulmonary fibrosis in a 32-year-old man, who had worked at a steel mill and who died of respiratory failure due to interstitial fibrosis despite vigorous treatment. He showed SLE-associated symptoms, such as pleural effusion, malar rashes, discoid rashes, arthritis, leukopenia, and positive antinuclear antibody and anti-histone antibody. However, he did not present anti-dna antibody. A thoracoscopic lung biopsy showed interstitial fibrosis, chronic inflammation and a small non-caseating granuloma in lung tissues, which could be induced by external agents such as metals. The manganese concentration in the lung tissue was 4.64 microg/g compared to 0.42-0.7 microg/g in the controls. The levels of other metals, such as iron, nickel, cobalt and zinc in patient's lung tissue were higher than those in the controls. The patient was probably exposed to Si and various metal dusts, and the lung fibrosis was related to these exposures. Exposure to Si and metal dusts should be sought in the history of any patient with SLE, especially in a male with pulmonary signs, and if present, exposure should be stopped. In the meantime, steps should be taken to ensure that workers exposure to Si and metal dusts in all environments have adequate protection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 70.348969276523keywords = pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial, fibrosis, exposure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/169. The use of noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure associated with oral contrast aspiration pneumonitis.noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been used to treat patients with acute respiratory failure, including cases of pneumonia. We used this technique in the management of an 83-year-old patient with acute respiratory failure secondary to inadvertent administration of oral contrast material into the lung, and who did not want to be intubated. NIV resulted in immediate improvement of respiratory status. The patient was weaned from NIV over the next 24 hours and eventually discharged from the hospital.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 43.050417634012keywords = pneumonitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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