1/16. adult T-cell leukemia in two siblings. Acute crisis of smoldering disease in one patient.Two cases of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-positive adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) in brother and sister are presented. Six of 15 members of this family were seropositive for antibodies for ATL-associated antigens (ATLA). The sister of the ATL patient developed overt ATL after 5 years and 8 months of smoldering ATL. Immunologic examinations during the smoldering phase were normal except for negative skin tests for purified protein derivative. Factors leading to the induction of ATL among HTLV carriers remain to be studied.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/16. hypercalcemia, unusual bone lesions, and human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus in adult T-cell lymphoma.Extensive generalized and subperiosteal bone resorption was demonstrated in a patient with adult T-cell lymphoma and marked hypercalcemia of unclear pathogenesis. Antibody to the human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) was present in the serum of the patient, consistent with the recently reported association of adult T-cell lymphoma, hypercalcemia, and HTLV. The unique feature of this case was the presence of bone radiographic and pathologic findings consistent with hyperparathyroidism, in the absence of elevated parathormone levels. These findings contrast with the few previously reported cases of adult T-cell lymphoma with hypercalcemia, which showed lytic, sclerotic, or osteoporotic bone lesions. The authors suggest that the patient's malignant t-lymphocytes may have produced an osteoclast-activating-factor-like substance or a parathormone-like substance, which caused the striking bone changes. The exact role of HTLV in the pathogenesis of such cases remains to be determined.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 469.76515746643keywords = leukemia-lymphoma, leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/16. Apparent transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type III to a heterosexual woman with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.A 24-year-old woman developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Her only known risk factor for the syndrome was sexual contact with an asymptomatic Haitian man. The woman had serologic evidence for infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III, and this virus was recovered from the saliva of her sexual partner. Epidemiologic and virologic studies of the cases of such patients provide further evidence of a primary pathogenetic role for this retrovirus in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/16. Molecular and immunologic analysis of a chronic lymphocytic leukemia case with antibodies against human T-cell leukemia virus.The human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) is a unique, exogenous, horizontally transmitted retrovirus which is T-cell tropic, and has been associated with a specific type of aggressive leukemia/lymphoma of mature T-cell origin. In a survey of lymphoid malignancies in jamaica, antibodies to HTLV-I were also found in 6 of 17 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), raising the possibility of an etiologic relationship. Further studies were undertaken on one of these patients to clarify the nature of the disease and possible virus relationship. Cell surface marker analysis of her peripheral blood cells documented that the majority of circulating lymphocytes were B-cells. dna-cloned probe analysis with a complete HTLV-I proviral genome of these peripheral malignant B-cells, was negative for integrated virus. A T-cell line was established in culture from her peripheral blood. The presence of HTLV-I in the cultured T-cell line was established by the detection of expressed viral specific gag protein p-19 and proviral dna. Thus, a B-cell lymphoid malignancy can occur in the presence of HTLV-I infected T-cells, suggesting the possibility of an indirect leukemogenic mechanism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/16. Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome.This syndrome should be suspected in patients with clinical features of lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypercalcemia, bone lesions and circulating lymphocytes with pleomorphic nuclei. Most biopsy material has morphologic characteristics of intermediate or high-grade non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Antibody titers to human T-lymphotropic virus type I confirm the diagnosis. Treatment with combination chemotherapy results in remission for most patients, but duration of response is usually short.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/16. Concurrence of lymphoma type adult T-cell leukemia in three sisters.Three sisters, ranging in age from 56 to 59 years, who developed lymphoma type adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) during a 19-month period are described. The patients were born in the Amakusa area of Kumamoto Prefecture, an area where the incidence of malignant lymphoma is high. The histologic diagnosis, made on the basis of the lymphoma Study Group in japan (LSG) classification of lymph nodes, was diffuse, medium-sized cell type in the elder sister, and mixed cell type in the middle and younger sisters. The patients and their elder brother had serum antibodies against ATL-associated antigens (ATLA).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/16. Cutaneous manifestations of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma. Report of three different forms.The clinical and pathologic features of cutaneous lesions observed in three adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) patients identified in taiwan are described. They represent one classical case of ATL and two "smoldering" variants. The classical ATL patient when first seen had numerous erythematous or purpuric papules, nodules, and plaques with or without ulceration. The two "smoldering" cases developed encrusted purpuric plaques with subcutaneous erythematous nodules in one patient and pompholyx-like vesicular eruptions with tumor masses in another patient. The pompholyx-like eruptions have not been described before. pruritus was the major complaint in two patients. Histopathologic studies revealed pleomorphic infiltration in the classical case and monomorphic infiltration with medium-sized cells in the two "smoldering" variants. Therefore, the cutaneous lesions of ATL are diverse and not pathognomonic. The diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, detection of circulating characteristic multilobated lymphoid cells with T helper/inducer cell marker, and demonstration of serum antibody against the adult T cell leukemia virus-associated antigen.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/16. "adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma" with bone demineralization.Two patients with T-cell malignancy having radiographic manifestations of generalized and localized bone demineralization are reported. One, a 53-year-old man, had marked osteoporosis and severe hypercalcemia, but no clinical evidence of leukemia throughout his illness. At autopsy there was no definite evidence of bone involvement. Histologic proof was obtained from abdominal skin which revealed "adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)." The second case, a 33-year-old man, complained of arthralgia in his hands and feet; radiographs showed severe localized demineralization and pathologic fractures. Specimens of his peripheral blood, cervical lymph nodes, and bone marrow revealed ATLL cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/16. Smoldering HTLV-associated T-cell leukemia.Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma is a newly described clinical entity characterized by the abrupt onset of cutaneous manifestations, hypercalcemia, lymphadenopathy, and pleomorphic lobulated T cells found in the peripheral blood. The vast majority of cases reported in the united states have emphasized the rapid onset and fulminant course of the disease, which is unresponsive to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. A smoldering form of this disease characterized by long duration of skin involvement has recently been described primarily in japan. We describe a case of "smoldering" human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I disease in a patient from the united states.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/16. Leukopenic chronic T cell leukemia mimicking hairy cell leukemia: association with human retroviruses.We report two cases of a T cell lymphoproliferative disease not previously described, with cytologic and clinical features similar to those associated with Galton's "prolymphocytic" leukemia (PL). Our patients, like those with Galton's PL, had massive splenomegaly and minimal or absent hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy. In contrast, however, our patients had leukopenia, as well as low percentages of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood and in the bone marrow. In splenic imprints, the nuclear chromatin pattern of most of the leukemic cells was intermediate between those of mature lymphocytes and those of lymphoblasts, and the nuclei contained single, centrally located, conspicuous nucleoli. In sections of the spleen, the leukemic cells diffusely infiltrated the red pulp in a pattern strikingly similar to that of hairy cell leukemia; however, when the leukemic cells were studied cytochemically, the cytoplasmic acid phosphatase positivity was punctate and tartrate-sensitive. The leukemic cells were sheep erythrocyte rosette-positive and expressed T cell-associated antigens. Initially, both patients responded well to therapeutic splenectomy. One patient received combination chemotherapy after splenectomy and is alive and well 24 months after diagnosis. The other patient was in complete clinical remission for one year after splenectomy and received chemotherapy at relapse. He died, however, 23 months after splenectomy, with disseminated disease. IgG antibody titers against human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) were detected in one patient and against HTLV-II in the other. The leukemia in these patients represents a distinct clinicopathologic entity within the spectrum of peripheral T cell lymphoproliferative diseases that includes Galton's PL of T cell derivation, T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, T cell hairy cell leukemia, and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.3333333333333keywords = leukemia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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