1/5. guillain-barre syndrome after exanthem subitum.A female infant developed guillain-barre syndrome 20 days after having exanthem subitum confirmed serologically as human herpesvirus 6 infection. dna of human herpesvirus 6 was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected on admission.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = subitum (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Severe meningoencephalitis caused by human herpesvirus 6 type B in an immunocompetent woman treated with ganciclovir.Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), the causative agent of exanthema subitum in childhood, can also induce meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals. In contrast, HHV-6 encephalitis in immunocompetent patients is rare, and the clinical syndrome not well defined. We report a case of meningoencephalitis caused by HHV-6 type B in an otherwise healthy woman.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.383390355782keywords = exanthema subitum, subitum, exanthema (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Bilateral optic neuropathy and unilateral tonic pupil associated with acute human herpesvirus 6 infection: a case report.BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), a widespread virus and causative agent of exanthema subitum in children, has been associated with a number of neurologic disorders including cranial nerve palsies, seizures, encephalitis, meningitis, and multiple sclerosis. PATIENT: A 31-year-old man presented with bilateral optic neuropathy, disc edema, and unilateral tonic pupil, which were found to be associated with acute HHV-6 infection. The patient had been suffering from juvenile diabetes for 5 years. One week after onset of intravenous antiviral therapy with foscarnet, disc edema subsided, and tonic pupil reaction was no longer detectable. CONCLUSIONS: HHV-6 infection may play a role as a causative agent in patients with optic neuropathy and tonic pupil.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.383390355782keywords = exanthema subitum, subitum, exanthema (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Balo's concentric sclerosis associated with primary human herpesvirus 6 infection.BACKGROUND: Balo's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a demyelinating disorder believed to be a rare variant of multiple sclerosis (MS). Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a highly neurotropic virus causing severe central nervous system (CNS) infections predominantly following reactivation of latent HHV-6 in immunocompromised individuals. Primary infection with HHV-6 usually occurs in early childhood manifesting as exanthema subitum. The clinical spectrum of primary infection in adolescents or adults has not yet been evaluated.Case report: A previously healthy 13 year old girl developed acute hemianopsia and anomia 5 days after an episode of fever and malaise of unknown origin. Cerebral MRI revealed three white matter lesions, one with ring-like contrast enhancement. Lumbar puncture showed mononuclear pleocytosis of 30 cells/microl, oligoclonal IgG, and a normal protein level. Follow up cerebral MRI scans revealed lamellar concentric hemispheric lesions characteristic of BCS. The first neurological symptoms of the patient coincided with primary HHV-6 CNS infection, diagnosed by a positive PCR test of the CSF together with seroconversion. Response to antiviral and corticosteroid treatment was only temporary, but immunoglobulin treatment has so far been followed by clinical stability for 30 months. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report both of an association between HHV-6 and BCS and of immunoglobulin treatment of BCS. A late primary infection with HHV-6 might be associated with BCS. Further studies in patients with this rare disease are needed to confirm this association and to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral and immunoglobulin treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.383390355782keywords = exanthema subitum, subitum, exanthema (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Acute necrotizing encephalopathy associated with human herpesvirus-6 infection.An extremely rare case of acute necrotizing encephalopathy caused by human herpesvirus-6 variant type B infection is reported. The patient, a 14-month-old previously healthy female, presented with high fever and generalized tonic convulsion followed by rapid deterioration of consciousness. On the second day of the illness, the protein level of the cerebrospinal fluid increased without pleocytosis. On the third day, magnetic resonance images demonstrated symmetric, abnormal signal intensity lesions in the bilateral thalamus, cerebellum, and brainstem. On the fourth day, characteristic maculopapular rash of exanthema subitum appeared on the trunk. Human herpesvirus-6 deoxyribonucleic acid was detected by the polymerase chain reaction in the serum, and immunoglobulin g and immunoglobulin m of serum human herpesvirus-6 were positive. On the twelfth day of illness, the patient died as a result of severe brain damage. Acute necrotizing encephalopathy should be included in the differential diagnosis when examining infants and young children with fulminating consciousness disturbance and intractable convulsion. In addition, as a causative virus, human herpesvirus-6 has to be considered at the pre-eruptive stage of exanthema subitum. Magnetic resonance images are useful because they reveal the characteristic distribution of lesions specific to acute necrotizing encephalopathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.7667807115639keywords = exanthema subitum, subitum, exanthema (Clic here for more details about this article) |