1/20. Massive subdural haematomas in Menkes disease mimicking shaken baby syndrome.INTRODUCTION: Menkes disease is an X-linked inherited disorder of intestinal copper absorption resulting in copper deficiency. Cardinal features include hair abnormalities, facial dysmorphism, severe neurological impairment, hypothermia, arterial anomalies, bone abnormalities and a fatal outcome. CASE REPORT: We present a case of Menkes disease complicated by progressive macrocephaly following the development of massive subdural haematomas. These lesions associated with femoral metaphyseal spurs could be confused with nonaccidental injury such as that seen in the shaken baby syndrome. DISCUSSION: This case emphasises that Menkes disease, like glutaric aciduria type 1, should be included in the differential diagnosis of unexplained subdural haematomas and neurological deficits in infants.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/20. Marked calvarial thickening and dural changes following chronic ventricular shunting for shaken baby syndrome.We report the case of a 23-year-old woman who was abused at the age of 5 months. She suffered from complications frequently associated with shaken baby syndrome, such as hydrocephalus secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage. The patient underwent a procedure to place a ventriculoperitoneal shunt 3 weeks after her presentation with signs of abuse. The ventricular shunt remained in place throughout her life, and the patient received multiple revisions. She also was noted to have a markedly thickened calvarium on both radiographs and computed tomographic scan at 6 years old. She died following an episode of grand mal status epilepticus. An autopsy was performed and her skull was found to be thickened circumferentially. Histologic examination revealed increased cancellous space with normal trabecular bone. It is hypothesized that intracranial hypotension resulting from chronic ventricular shunting lead to her thickened calvarium, a condition previously reported as hyperostosis cranii ex vacuo. Dural changes seen microscopically corroborate this hypothesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/20. diffusion-weighted MRI in shaken baby syndrome.We present the characteristic CT and MRI findings of a 2-month-old girl with shaken baby syndrome. diffusion-weighted MR imaging performed 8 days after the insult established the presence of injury to the white matter in the corpus callosum and subcortical white matter in the temporo-occipito-parietal region. diffusion-weighted MR imaging is valuable in the diagnostic work-up of suspected shaken baby syndrome, as injury to the white matter can be demonstrated days after the injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/20. shaken baby syndrome.shaken baby syndrome is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality and is widely recognized in the medical literature. Classic signs include retinal hemorrhage, subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage, and associated fractures. Most victims are younger than 6 months old and have been affected by violent shaking with rapid angular deceleration and possible terminal impact. This article summarizes issues related to clinical presentation, diagnosis, risk factors, and interventions for healthcare professionals.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/20. Shaking infant trauma induced by misuse of a baby chair.A 2 month old infant presented with bilateral subdural haemorrhages and bilateral subhyaloid haemorrhage. The parent admitted to forceful bouncing of the child in a baby rocker. Experiments showed that violent rocking in the chair could produce extreme alternating acceleration/deceleration forces in excess of those induced by shaking alone. Such handling could not be interpreted as accidental mismanagement and the abusive nature of the process was graphically shown in video recordings of the experiment. Prosecution resulted in a conviction for cruelty, and a suspended sentence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.00021707848719051keywords = baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/20. epiretinal membrane formation is a late manifestation of shaken baby syndrome.shaken baby syndrome is a constellation of injuries resulting from the intentional shaking type movement of a child who is usually younger than 3-years-old. This rapid acceleration-deceleration movement of the head is responsible for lesions attributed to shearing forces placed on the vitreoretinal structures and meningeal vessels across the dura. The ophthalmic findings include intraocular hemorrhages, perimacular retinal folds, and peripheral retinoschisis in the presence of intracranial injuries such as subdural hematomas without obvious external signs of head trauma. We describe a case of late development of an epiretinal membrane in a child with a history of shaken baby syndrome and propose a differential diagnosis list for epiretinal membrane formation in the pediatric age group.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/20. Cortical hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in shaken-baby (shaken impact) syndrome: value of diffusion-weighted MRI.Shaken-baby syndrome (SBS) is a type of child abuse caused by violent shaking of an infant, with or without impact, and characterized by subdural hematomas, retinal hemorrhages, and occult bone fractures. Parenchymal brain lesions in SBS may be missed or underestimated on CT scans, but can be detected at an earlier stage with diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) as areas of restricted diffusion. We demonstrate the value of DW-MRI in a 2-month-old baby boy with suspected SBS. The pattern of diffusion abnormalities indicates that the neuropathology of parenchymal lesions in SBS is due to hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries, and not to diffuse axonal injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.20021707848719keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/20. Retinal hemorrhages in an 8-year-old child: an uncommon presentation of abusive injury.OBJECTIVE: Retinal hemorrhages in pediatric patients have been best described as a component of shaken baby syndrome (SBS), which has been described almost exclusively in the infant/toddler population. We describe the occurrence of retinal hemorrhages in the setting of abusive injury in an older child. methods: Case report. RESULTS: An 8-year-old boy was transferred to our institution with coma and respiratory arrest. Evaluation demonstrated intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral edema, and severe bilateral retinal hemorrhages. The patient subsequently died of intractable intracranial hypertension. police investigation confirmed that the injuries were caused by severe abusive injury, including shaking. CONCLUSIONS: This case emphasizes that the diagnosis of SBS is not limited to babies and that the possibility of abusive shaking injury should also be considered in older children presenting with intracranial pathology and retinal hemorrhages.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/20. shaken baby syndrome.A 5-month-old infant with shaken baby syndrome is reported. This form of physical child abuse is often overlooked. It should be suspected in infant who present with drowsiness, coma, seizures or apnea.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.8keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/20. Bilateral fourth-nerve palsy occurring after shaking injury in infancy.The shaken baby syndrome is a serious form of child abuse that typically results in serious short- and long-term neurological sequelae. Isolated cranial nerve palsies have been reported after shaking injuries in infants. We report a child with bilateral fourth cranial nerve palsy that developed after a shaking injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = baby syndrome, baby (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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