1/13. HAGL lesion occurring after successful arthroscopic Bankart repair.Recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability following surgical repair may be associated with implant failure and an array of capsulolabral pathology including separation of the labrum (Bankart lesion), humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligaments (HAGL lesion), and capsular rupture. We detail a previously unreported case of a HAGL lesion occurring in a shoulder with an intact arthrosopic Bankart repair following an additional traumatic event. Anatomic repair of this subsequent injury resulted in an excellent outcome. The patient returned to his high-demand ski racing activities without any shoulder limitation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/13. Humeral avulsion of the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament with associated subscapularis bony avulsion in skeletally immature patients.OBJECTIVE: We describe the imaging appearances of an injury complex occurring in the skeletally immature patient consisting of an avulsion fracture of the subscapularis attachment to the lesser tuberosity and avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) which in two cases was associated with a bony fragment (BHAGL). CONCLUSION: MR imaging was able to diagnose correctly this atypical injury complex which had not been suspected clinically or on the radiographs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/13. Anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion lesion at the superior glenoid labrum.An unusual type of anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion (ALPSA) lesion in the superior, instead of the usual inferior, part of the anterior glenoid labrum is presented in a 33-year-old man who sustained a traumatic dislocation of his left shoulder. magnetic resonance imaging raised the possibility of an ALPSA lesion and later arthroscopy confirmed the diagnosis. Arthroscopic repair of the lesion was performed after the labral avulsion was lateralized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/13. The role of arthroscopy in chronic anterior shoulder dislocation: technique and early results.Dislocation that lasts longer than 3 weeks is called chronic or unreduced shoulder dislocation. Treatment alternatives can be closed reduction, open reduction, resection arthroplasty, prosthesis, arthrodesis, and no therapy. The English-language literature includes no evidence on arthroscopic reduction for the treatment of unreduced shoulder dislocation. The goal of our study was to present our technique and period results on the arthroscopic reduction we performed in 2 cases 4 and 5 weeks after anterior shoulder dislocation. Reduction could not be achieved by closed reduction under anesthesia. With arthroscopic visualization, adhesions within the joint were released with blunt dissection. Repeat reduction attempts were unsuccessful in these 2 cases. Labroligamentous lesions of the inferior glenohumeral ligament were repaired using 3 absorbable tacks. On the second day after the surgery, isometric exercises were started. The results were evaluated using a 100-unit test recommended by Rowe and Zarins (80 units in case 1; 85 units in case 2). Reduction of chronic unreduced shoulder dislocations using arthroscopy is an alternative technique for selected patients. It also allows repair and treatment of the intra-articular pathology in the joint and makes early postoperative rehabilitation possible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/13. Arthroscopic treatment of acute traumatic posterior glenohumeral dislocation and anatomic neck fracture.We describe a simple method of arthroscopic-assisted reduction of a posterior fracture dislocation of the proximal humerus, the principle of which could be used as a method of reduction for all fracture dislocations of the proximal humerus for which percutaneous reduction is beneficial. With the patient in the beach-chair position and using a posterior portal 2 cm medial and 2 cm inferior to the posterolateral corner of the acromion on the medial edge of the displaced head, a 4.5-mm blunt trocar is introduced, directed medial to the head fragment toward the posterior lateral scapular neck, translating the distal tip laterally to enter the shoulder joint. The trocar is then redirected medially onto the articular surface of the glenoid and the head is levered into the joint atraumatically. The standard technique of percutaneous reduction of the proximal humerus follows. Arthroscopic evaluation of the shoulder with gravity-assisted flow is performed to improve the articular reduction and document any associated capsular, ligamentous, labral, or tendon damage. Similarly, anterior fracture dislocations can be reduced atraumatically using lateral and anterior portals, after which percutaneous reduction could be effective when indicated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/13. Isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus. A case report.An extremely rare isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tuberosity, not complicated with other proximal humeral fractures or posterior shoulder dislocations, occurred in a 12-year-old girl. The avulsion fracture of the upper part of the lesser tuberosity appears to have been caused by hyperextension and hyperexternal rotation of the shoulder. In this position, the coracohumeral ligament, superior glenohumeral ligament, and subscapularis tendon could have pulled out the upper part of the lesser tuberosity. She gained full recovery of left shoulder function after three months of conservative treatment, although follow-up roentgenograms show nonunion of the fracture. An isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tuberosity is extremely rare. Only 12 cases, none in children, have been found in the literature since Hartigan's report in 1895.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/13. Glenoplasty for recurrent posterior shoulder instability. An anatomic reappraisal.Posterior glenoplasty, as performed for the treatment of recurrent posterior shoulder instability, was shown to thrust the humeral head forward and was able to cause symptomatic impingement of the anterior cuff between the coracoid process and the humeral head. Such subcoracoid impingement is relieved by resection of the inferolateral part of the coracoid tip and of the coracoacromial ligament.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/13. Traumatic "windblown knees": case report of bilateral knee ligament rupture of the opposite compartment of contralateral knees.An unusual case of rupture of the medial and posterior ligaments of the left knee, and lateral ligaments of the right knee, due to a direct vehicular blow is reported. Surgical repair of the left knee and conservative treatment of the right (lateral ligaments) gave excellent results. The types of lesions produced on each knee could almost be predicted by the sites of skin abrasions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/13. Recurrent posterior glenohumeral dislocation associated with increased retroversion of the glenoid. A case report.Recurrent traumatic posterior glenohumeral dislocation is rare and probably represents < 5% of all recurrent shoulder instability cases. Operative management of this problem is considered when symptomatic recurrent instability occurs despite an adequate physician-directed rehabilitation program. Before surgery, it is essential to recognize all directions of instability and any anatomic factors that may predispose the shoulder to recurrent instability, such as humeral head or glenoid defects, abnormal glenoid version or other anthropomorphic abnormalities, rotator cuff tears, neurologic injuries, or generalized ligamentous laxity. The authors report on a patient who had 2 previous failed attempts at posterior capsulorrhaphy for recurrent posterior shoulder dislocation after an atraumatic injury. The patient demonstrated a previously unrecognized unilateral increase in glenoid fossa retroversion and was successfully treated with a posterior opening wedge osteotomy of the scapular neck.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/13. Compression brachial plexopathy caused by chronic posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint.thoracic outlet syndrome developed in a patient due to chronic posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint, following an all-terrain vehicle accident. decompression of the thoracic outlet was accomplished by surgical reduction of the clavicle, excision of the medial clavicle and reconstruction of the costoclavicular ligament. The patient's symptomatology was relieved by the surgical procedure performed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ligament (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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