1/10. rosacea-like demodicidosis associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.We present a 35-year-old patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had demodicidosis on his face, characterized by multiple papules and papulopustules, associated pruritus, numerous mites on skin-surface biopsy and in biopsy specimens, and rapid response to topical treatment with permethrin. It seems likely that Demodex infestation does not manifest unless local or systemic immune function is altered, leading to the proliferation of the organism and subsequent disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Disseminated cutaneous acanthamebiasis: a case report and review of the literature.The genus acanthamoeba includes species of free-living soil and water ameba that have been implicated in a small number of human diseases. acanthamoeba species have been identified as the etiologic agents in 2 well-defined clinical entities, amebic keratitis and granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE). Less commonly, acanthamoeba species have been identified as the cause of disseminated disease in debilitated and immunocompromised patients. Cutaneous acanthamebiasis, often a reflection of disseminated disease, is an increasingly recognized infection since the emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the use of immunosuppressive drugs. The disease portends a poor prognosis and is uniformly fatal if the infection involves the central nervous system (CNS). We describe a patient with advanced AIDS who presented with disseminated cutaneous lesions, headache, and photophobia, and in whom a diagnosis of cutaneous acanthamebiasis was made based on the results of a skin biopsy. A multidrug therapeutic regimen was begun that included sulfadiazine; the patient responded favorably to treatment. This paper also reviews 36 previously reported cases of cutaneous acanthamebiasis with delineation of clinical, diagnostic, histologic, and prognostic features, as well as discusses treatment options.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Norwegian scabies in an infant with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.A 6-month-old infant with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and typical scabies subsequently developed Norwegian scabies, with deterioration of clinical status. The infestation spread to several health care workers who were in close contact with the patient, despite standard isolation precautions. In the rapidly growing hospitalized pediatric AIDS population, Norwegian scabies should be considered in the differential diagnosis of eczematous or seborrheic dermatitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Cutaneous pneumocystosis.A 42-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with a 9-month history of progressive hearing loss and bilateral external auditory canal masses. biopsy of the right ear mass detected pneumocystis carinii. The patient was treated with a 7-day course of intravenous trimethoprim, followed by a 3-week course of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with a marked reduction in the size of his ear masses. This is the first reported case of skin involvement by P. carinii in a patient with AIDS. Because of our patient's documented response to treatment, we stress the importance of biopsy of cutaneous lesions in this group of patients, who may have a potentially treatable condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Disseminated acanthamebiasis in patients with AIDS. A report of five cases and a review of the literature.BACKGROUND: acanthamoeba and Leptomyxida are free-living amebae that cause granulomatous amebic encephalitis, a rare, slowly progressive, fatal neurologic process seen in immunosuppressed hosts. In addition, these organisms produce disseminated cutaneous lesions and involve other organs, particularly in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). RESULTS: We report five cases of disseminated acanthamebiasis in patients with AIDS, each with cutaneous manifestations but lacking central nervous system involvement. The medial CD4 T-cell count was 0.024 x 10(9)/L. skin lesions included pustules, subcutaneous and deep dermal nodules, and ulcers, most often seen on the extremities and face. Histopathologically, both pustular and vasculitic changes were observed; in all cases, the microscopic identification of organisms was difficult because of the macrophagelike appearance of the microbes in routine sections. CONCLUSIONS: skin lesions are the most common reported presentation of infections caused by acanthamoeba and Leptomyxida organisms in patients with AIDS, a minority of whom have central nervous system manifestations. A high index of suspicion is necessary for both the dermatologist and the dermatopathologist. prognosis is guarded, but early treatment using a combination of intravenous pentamidine and oral fluconazole, sulfadiazine, and flucytosine may be beneficial.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. acanthamoeba infection presenting as skin lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.acanthamoeba organisms are a well-known, although rare, cause of central nervous system infection in immunodeficient hosts, including those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Extracerebral acanthamebiasis, with the exception of contact lens-associated keratitis, is reported but little emphasized in the literature. We describe two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom skin lesions were the primary manifestations of acanthamoeba infection. central nervous system disease was proved in one patient and suspected, but unproved, in the other. The skin lesions exhibited an intact epidermis with suppurative inflammation of the subcutis, associated with numerous amebic cysts and trophozoites. The amebic cyst walls stained with periodic acid-Schiff and Gomori's methenamine-silver stains, creating confusion with blastomyces dermatitidis yeast in one instance. Immunofluorescence studies and culture identified the organisms as an acanthamoeba species. Preliminary studies in one of the cases suggested a previously undescribed acanthamoeba species as the etiologic agent. Our experience emphasizes that skin lesions may be the presenting sign of disseminated acanthamoeba infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Cutaneous acanthamoeba infection associated with leukocytoclastic vasculitis in an AIDS patient.Cutaneous acanthamoeba infection is a rare complication of immunocompromised individuals including those having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who often have concurrent central nervous system involvement. acanthamoeba typically involves the skin and central nervous system by disseminating from a primary focus in the lungs or sinuses. We report an unusual patient with AIDS who developed cutaneous infection with acanthamoeba, apparently without CNS infection but with sinus involvement. Histologically, the purpuric lesions showed prominent leukocytoclastic vasculitis as well as myriads of organisms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. Diffuse cutaneous infection caused by a presumed monoxenous trypanosomatid in a patient infected with hiv.A patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus developed a diffuse cutaneous nodular syndrome. The parasite isolated from a skin nodule was studied by isoenzymatic characterization and transmission electron microscopy of both culture forms and those in the patient's skin biopsy. The parasite's ultrastructure was that of a typical member of the family Trypanosomatidae, but it differed isoenzymatically from all 'new and 'old World' species of leishmania, trypanosoma and Sauroleishmania. We believe that it was a (presumably) monoxenous 'lower trypanosomatid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.015646881087665keywords = immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Amebic osteomyelitis in a child with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a case report.Disseminated acanthamoeba infection has been described in immunocompromised or debilitated patients. The usual sites of involvement are skin, sinus, and brain. Sporadic reports of acanthamoeba infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are present in recent literature, predominantly in adults, and one case involving an 8-year-old child. We describe a case of amebic osteomyelitis, seen in a 6-year-old child with vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus and a 6-month history of cutaneous acanthamoeba infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83129376217533keywords = immunodeficiency syndrome, immunodeficiency (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Current status of gnathostomiasis dorolesi in Miyazaki Prefecture, japan.gnathostomiasis is an important food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused mainly by ingesting uncooked or undercooked flesh of freshwater fishes. Although four distinct species of the genus gnathostoma were identified as the causative agents for human gnathostomiasis, human infections with G. doloresi have been found only in japan, concentrated in Miyazaki Prefecture. So far we have found 25 cases in Miyazaki Prefecture. Although most of these patients were of cutaneous gnathostomiasis, two patients presented to the hospital with unusual clinical manifestations; one case was a pulmonary gnathostomiasis diagnosed by immunoserological methods, and the other was an ileus caused by migration of the late 3rd stage larva in the colonic tissue, which was found by post-operative histopathological examination. Although cutaneous lesions such as creeping eruption or mobile erythema are the common clinical features of gnathostomiasis, caution should be paid to the presence of such unusual cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0015881331078403keywords = aid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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