1/18. Occipital condyle fracture with peripheral neurological deficit.A 24-year-old woman sustained a type III Anderson and Montesano fracture in a road traffic accident. Acute respiratory stridor, multiple cranial nerve palsies and right upper limb neurological deficits associated with a C1 to T2 extradural haematoma were unique features of this case. The patient made a full and uncomplicated recovery with conservative management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/18. Posterior cranial fossa venous extradural haematoma: an uncommon form of intracranial injury.Extradural haematomas are commonly associated with direct trauma to the temporal bones of the cranium resulting in damage to the middle meningeal artery or its branches. A case is presented of an occipital skull fracture with venous sinus bleeding that resulted in a posterior cranial fossa extradural haematoma. Bleeding in this area, if unrecognised, may lead rapidly to respiratory arrest secondary to brainstem compression. The presence of significant trauma to the occiput should alert the attending clinician to the possibility of this uncommon but potentially fatal condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/18. Camel racing: a new cause of extradural haemorrhage in australia.Camel racing is a relatively new sport in australia. A 52 year old woman fell from her camel during a country race. Although she was wearing an approved equestrian helmet, she suffered a skull fracture and a life-threatening extradural haematoma. Her treatment highlights the key issues of management of head injuries in remote places. A paramount requirement is close collaboration between country medical practitioner, neurosurgeon and retrieval specialist.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/18. Cervical epidural haematoma with clivus fracture: case report.Clivus fractures are rare and severe entities, usually associated with vascular or cranial nerve lesions and frequently diagnosed postmortem. Cervical epidural haematomas can be traumatic or spontaneous, manifested in acute or chronic form, and are treated surgically in the majority of cases, although the conservative treatment also can be indicated to patients with incomplete and non-progressive deficits. The authors report the case of a female patient, 8 years old, victim of trampling in public way by a high velocity motorized vehicle, admitted in Glasgow 7, anisocoric pupils (left pupil midriatic), whose radiological investigation showed a transverse fracture of the clivus, cervical epidural haematoma and diffuse axonal injury. The patient was submitted to intracranial pressure monitorization, sedation and conservative treatment with dexamethasone, with good outcome. The authors also present a literature review.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/18. Bilateral occipital condyle fractures leading to retropharyngeal haematoma and acute respiratory distress.Injuries to the occipito-cervical junction are rare and not easily diagnosed on conventional radiographs. The authors report such a case where the diagnosis was delayed. The patient developed a significant retrophyarngeal haematoma resulting in acute respiratory distress and required emergency endotracheal intubation. The patient remained intubated for five days and received a tapered dose of intravenous dexamethazone to reduce swelling in the proximity of the airway. At six weeks the patient had developed a left hypoglossal nerve palsy that persisted at 12 months. Occipital condyle fractures and the difficulties of diagnosis are discussed. The importance of measuring pre-vertebral soft tissue swelling on lateral radiographs is emphasized. Computed tomography of the C0-C2 region should be performed to identify base of skull and upper cervical fractures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/18. Traumatic asphyxia compounding craniofacial trauma.Traumatic asphyxia is a condition characterized by cervicofacial petechiae, subconjunctival ecchymosis and other possible accompanying problems particularly ophthalmic, thoracic and cardiovascular injuries. While the facial petechiae per se are of little consequence, the attendant injuries to other organ systems can be serious and even fatal. Craniofacial injuries also present with fatal ecchymosis and haematoma formation due to the underlying skeletal injuries which may require active management. Clinicians managing trauma patients should be well aware of these two different entities which may occur separately or simultaneously so as to ensure correct and adequate treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/18. Growing skull fracture in the absence of a dural tear.A case of growing skull fracture associated with unrecognized extradural haematoma is presented together with the relevant radiology. The pathophysiology of growing skull fracture is reviewed in light of this previously unreported case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/18. Depressed skull fracture in a newborn successfully managed conservatively: a case report.A preterm baby was born to a multiparous mother by emergency caesarean section at 36 weeks of gestation. Apart from a depression on the right temporo-parietal region measuring 3 cm x 3 cm x 0.5 cm, no other abnormality was noted. A CT scan of the brain excluded the presence of intracranial haematoma and pressure effect on the brain. Spontaneous reduction of the fracture without any adverse neurological sequelae suggests that these fractures can be managed conservatively in some instances.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/18. Unusual anaphylatoxin dynamics after head injury--case report.The case reported exemplifies a clinical picture markedly at variance with the chronology of symptoms and laboratory findings generally held to be typical in patients with post-traumatic shock. During a protracted clinical course this young man with a skull fracture and epidural haematoma experienced profound hypotension and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) well in advance of marked fourfold rise of circulating peripheral C3a desArg anaphylatoxin levels. This raises a note of caution with regard to diagnostic and/or therapeutic decisions based on anaphylatoxin assessment of neurosurgical trauma patients at risk of ARDS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/18. Bilateral extradural haematoma. Report of two cases.Two cases of bilateral extradural haematomas are reported. In case I, the haematomas developed simultaneously and were probably due to a tear in the sagittal sinus. In case II, the haematomas developed sequentially and were demonstrated by serial CT scannings after the removal of a seemingly unilateral lesion. A review of the literature points out the rarity of this condition which had been described even before the CT era, with varying clinical presentations and unusually poor surgical results. The advent of the CT has made the diagnosis of simultaneous bilateral extradural haematomas easier and is regarded as a significant factor in the improvement of the prognosis noted in recent reports. However, the possibility of delayed bilateral extradural haematomas escaping detection in the initial CT should be emphasized. This unusual clinical presentation stresses the value of a routine use of serial CT scannings in the acute phase of head injuries.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9keywords = haematoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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