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1/11. Bleaching and temporomandibular disorder using a half tray design: a clinical report.

    A maxillary soft, custom-fitted tray was fabricated for a patient to perform nightguard vital bleaching. Treatment was interrupted after the patient experienced pain in the temporomandibular joint area shortly after wearing the bleaching prosthesis. The tray was trimmed so the labial, incisal and buccal cusps were covered and Sc) the patient had complete tooth-to-tooth contact in the maximum intercuspal position. The prosthesis proved to be retentive even without the presence of the bleaching material. The thick, sticky bleaching material was contained in the half tray design and the tray was held in place. The patient was able to continue the bleaching process for the 2-week duration necessary to achieve successful lightening of the teeth without further TMD symptoms.
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2/11. tooth wear and loss: symptomatological and rehabilitating treatments.

    The authors report a clinical case that presented tooth wear and absence, with painful muscular and articular symptomatology, and also alteration in deglutition, mastication and speech. The clinical procedures used were re-establishment of vertical dimension of occlusion, mandibular centric relations, and occlusal contacts through therapeutic removable partial dentures. The condyle position was analyzed in habitual occlusion and in occlusion with dentures, through transcranial radiographs of the temporomandibular joints. Oral rehabilitation was achieved with dental restoration and removable partial dentures.
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3/11. Locating the centric relation prematurity with a computerized occlusal analysis system.

    Locating the first tooth contact that interferes with freedom of movement in and out of centric relation has been the diagnostic and treatment objective of most occlusal therapies. The centric relation prematurity can be located by various methods, which involve operator-guided mandibular positioning combined with the patient's subjective assessment of his or her perceived first tooth contact. The method known as bimanual manipulation has been widely recognized and accepted as a predictable method of determining and verifying the centric relation position. The first occlusal contact that results when the mandible is closed on a correct centric relation axis is known as the centric relation prematurity. An alternative procedure combines bimanual manipulation with the simultaneous recording of the sequence of resultant tooth contacts using a computerized occlusal analysis system. This alternative offers a significant improvement in the precision of locating the first tooth contact. This article describes a method of identifying the first tooth contact while not relying on the patient's subjective assessment of his or her perceived occlusal feel.
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4/11. Pseudo-dental pain and sensitivity to percussion.

    Two case reports examine a little-known cause of dental pain and sensitivity to percussion. Contrary to the traditional assumption that pain and sensitivity to percussion almost always are diagnostic of pulpal inflammation and/or necrosis, these symptoms actually may be referred to the sensitive tooth from trigger points in the masticatory muscles. Therefore, myofascial pain syndrome must be ruled out in patients who have dental pain and display sensitivity to percussion.
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5/11. toothache of nonodontogenic origin: a case report.

    This article describes the diagnosis and treatment of a patient exhibiting nonodontogenic tooth pain. A 25-yr-old female patient presented to postgraduate endodontics, SUNY at Stony Brook, for evaluation and treatment of pain associated with the upper and lower left quadrants. After thorough intraoral and extraoral examinations, it was determined that the pain was referred to the dentition from a trigger point in the masseter muscle. An extraoral injection of 3% Carbocaine was administered into the trigger point, and the pain abated within 5 min. The patient has experienced no recurrence of this pain for 12 months. Consideration of nonodontogenic dental pain should be included in a differential diagnosis.
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6/11. chiropractic treatment of temporomandibular disorders using the activator adjusting instrument and protocol.

    OBJECTIVE: To describe the chiropractic management of a 30-year-old woman with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and to discuss the general etiology and management of TMJ conditions. CLINICAL FEATURES: The patient suffered from daily unremitting jaw pain for 7 years, which was the apparent sequela of a series of 8 root canals on the same tooth. Pain radiated from her TMJ into her shoulder and was accompanied by headache, tinnitus, decreased hearing, and a feeling of congestion in her right ear. Symptoms were not reduced by medication or other dental treatments. OUTCOME AND INTERVENTION: The patient underwent a series of chiropractic treatments using the instrument and protocol of Activator methods, International. During the first 5 months, her VAS rating of jaw pain decreased from 60 (on a scale of 0 to 100) to 9, her ability to eat solid foods increased, headache intensity and frequency diminished, and her maximum mouth opening without pain measurement increased from 22 to 28 mm. overall, 20 months of chiropractic treatment along with 2 concurrent months of massage therapy yielded slow but continual progress that finally resulted in total resolution of all symptoms except some fullness of the right cheek. CONCLUSION: Use of the Activator methods protocol of chiropractic treatment was beneficial for this patient and merits further study in similar cases.
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7/11. Stabilization of the craniomandibular therapeutic relationship with etched porcelain bonded restorations: a clinical report.

    The major advantage of this technique is sustaining the preexisting therapeutic position of the mandible during the restorative phase with minimal error in the occlusal scheme despite the type of restorative material. This clinical report demonstrated the conservative nature of bonding etched porcelain to tooth structure while concomitantly stabilizing the mandible to the maxillary dental arch.
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8/11. Referred pain of muscular origin resembling endodontic involvement. Case report.

    Referred pain is common in the orofacial region and can cause considerable difficulties in diagnosis. Referred pain is defined as pain that is referred to a part of the body other than the site of origin, and as a result, severe pain may arise without an associated causative lesion. A muscular trigger point that resembled a tooth with endodontic involvement is discussed.
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9/11. The need for integrating TMJ therapy with implant prosthodontic cases.

    In this paper, guidelines for TMJ diagnosis and treatment were reviewed, and a case history was presented demonstrating the need for the integration of TMJ therapy. The case history presented is just one of many cases in the author's practice where the implant candidate also presented with a CM-TMJ disorder. The author emphasizes the incorporation of a CM-TMJ disorder screening exam and history to complement the initial consultation by all practitioners. This should include: 1) check for pops, clicks, in front of ears, (opening, closing, protruding); 2) range of motion (three fingers opening); 3) headaches; 4) grind or brux (night or day); 5) palpate key masticatory muscles of the head and neck; 6) tooth interferences; and 7) bite feels off. The author understands that not all practitioners have access to various diagnostic instrumentation, but emphasizes that this should not prevent the practitioner from diagnosing and treating CM-TMJ disorders or referring for such treatment. The literature has not indicated the overall benefits of implant prosthodontics other than allowing mastication of food and a feeling of self-esteem; but the benefits also allow the treatment and relief of CM-TMJ disorders via a stable occlusion.
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10/11. The dental-chiropractic cotreatment of structural disorders of the jaw and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

    OBJECTIVE: To present a case demonstrating the concept of integrated dental-orthopedic and craniochiropractic care for treating structural disorders of the jaw, neck and spine. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 33-yr-old woman sought orthodontic therapy for an overbite and severe crowding of the lower teeth. She reported a history of bilateral headaches and jaw popping. Orthodontic examination revealed degenerative changes in the right temporomandibular joint and restricted jaw opening. While in treatment, the patient began to experience severe temporomandibular joint pain and neck/lower back pain, which convinced her to accept chiropractic care. Initial chiropractic sacro-occipital technique (SOT) evaluation found Category II weight-bearing instability of the sacroiliac joint, specific thoracic and cervical vertebral subluxations, cranial sutural restrictions and temporomandibular dysfunction. Cervical x-rays revealed absence of the anterior cervical curve, characterized by parallel vertebral base lines. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: In addition to orthodontic treatment, the patient also received semiweekly (then bimonthly) adjustments of the spine, neck and cranial sutures. The cotreatment approach eliminated pain while improving head, jaw and tooth position. CONCLUSION: The position of the jaw and head and neck are intricately linked. The acute symptoms experienced during the initial dental treatment phase were caused by the inability of the head and neck to adapt to maxillary and mandibular changes. chiropractic treatments enabled the body to respond positively to the dental changes. As the mandibular position improved, further improvements were indicated by physical testing and x-rays.
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