1/344. carcinoid heart disease from ovarian primary presenting with acute pericarditis and biventricular failure.A case is described of a 54 year old woman who had acute pericarditis with large exudative effusion accompanied by severe right and left ventricular failure. The patient was finally diagnosed with carcinoid heart disease from an ovarian carcinoid teratoma. She was treated with octreotide--a somatostatin analogue--followed by radical surgical resection of the neoplasm. At one year follow up only mild carcinoid tricuspid regurgitation remained. Only 16 cases of carcinoid heart disease from an ovarian primary have been described in literature. Moreover clinically manifest acute, nonmetastatic pericarditis and left heart failure are not considered as possible presentations of carcinoid heart disease, whatever the origin. In a recent series a small pericardial effusion was considered an infrequent and unexpected echocardiographic finding in carcinoid heart patients. One case of "carcinoid pericarditis" has previously been described as a consequence of pericardial metastasis. Left sided heart involvement is usually caused by bronchial carcinoids or patency of foramen ovale; both were excluded in the case presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/344. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the CNS: cytopathology and immunohistochemistry of insulin-like growth factor-II, insulin-like growth factor receptor type 1, cathepsin d, and Ki-67.insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II is a potent growth factor, normally controlled by a number of other factors, including IGF binding proteins and IGF binding protein proteases. In general, the latter increase the bioavailability of IGF by cleaving IGF binding proteins. cathepsin d (an IGF binding protein protease) was also implicated in tumor invasion. Although IGF-II was implicated in the pathogeneses of various childhood neoplasms, its significance in the pathogenesis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system (ATRT-CNS) was not studied to date. We present clinicopathologic features of two cases of ATRT-CNS. In addition, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically for IGF-II, IGF receptor type 1, cathepsin d, and Ki-67. Both tumors demonstrated diffuse strong cytoplasmic positivity for IGF-II, diffuse cytoplasmic and focal membranous positivity for IGF receptor type I, and diffuse cytoplasmic positivity for cathepsin d. The Ki-67 labeling indices were 10.0% and 1.4%. We conclude that ATRT-CNS cells express both IGF-II and IGF receptor type 1, supporting the hypothesis that autocrine/paracrine stimulation of cell growth by IGF-II might be one mechanism involved in ATRT-CNS tumorigenesis. cathepsin d expressed by the tumor cells might also be involved in both tumor cell invasion and growth. The exact pathogenesis of ATRT-CNS remains to be elucidated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/344. Antenatal sonographic diagnosis of epignathus at 15 weeks of pregnancy.Epignathus is a rare, benign, congenital teratoma of the hard palate. Most of these teratomas are unidirectional and protrude through the mouth. Hence, the prognosis depends on the size of the tumor and the degree of face distortion and airway obstruction that it causes. However, some epignathi protrude bidirectionally, involving and destroying the brain tissue, resulting in a poor prognosis. This report presents a case of ultrasonographic detection of a bidirectional epignathus at 15 weeks of pregnancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.018597902956388keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/344. Mature teratoma of the lateral ventricle: report of two cases.In this paper, two cases with mature teratoma of the lateral ventricle are presented. Teratomas are rare intracranial tumours and the most common location is in the midline pineal region. Lateral ventricle as the site of location is very rare. Between the years 1975 and 1996, 120 cases were operated on for lateral ventricle tumours at the University of Ankara, Department of neurosurgery, and only two cases (% 1.6) were histologically identified as mature teratomas. It is generally accepted that benign teratomas are radioresistant and total removal of these tumours results in cure. If mature teratoma of the lateral ventricle is totally removed, as done in our cases, the prognosis is usually good.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23102799931631keywords = ventricle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/344. Intra-fourth-ventricle teratoma.The computed tomographic (CT) scanning characteristics of a case of intra-fourth-ventricle mature teratoma in a 15-month-old child are described and correlated with intraoperative findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.14439249957269keywords = ventricle (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/344. glioblastoma multiforme in a mature ovarian teratoma with recurring brain tumours.AIMS: We report a case study to highlight the occurrence of glioblastoma multiforme in an ovarian teratoma. methods AND RESULTS: A 10-year-old girl presented with a left frontal lobe primitive neuroectodermal tumour which was successfully treated. After 6 uneventful years, she developed glioblastoma multiforme located posterior to the site of the initial tumour. Six years later, she presented with a mature cystic teratoma containing glioblastoma multiforme. CONCLUSIONS: glioblastoma in an ovarian teratoma is an exceptional event, which might have an initial clinical presentation as a metastatic brain tumour. Alternatively, recurring glial tumours may occur in a genetically predisposed person; the role of radiation and chemotherapy in this context remains to be elucidated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.09298951478194keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/344. Reversible paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis associated with a benign ovarian teratoma.BACKGROUND: Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis (PEM) is a well characterized, and typically irreversible, paraneoplastic syndrome, usually associated with small cell lung cancer or other malignancy. We describe a case of a young woman with a benign ovarian teratoma who presented with a reversible PEM. CASE REPORT: A 24-year-old woman presented with a three week history of memory impairment, unusual behavior, personality changes, auditory hallucinations, hypersomnolence and binocular biplopia. On admission she was disoriented and inattentive with impaired short term memory. Small doses of lorazepam (1 mg), given for episodic agitation, repeatedly induced multidirectional bilateral nystagmus and a skew deviation, but her neurological examination was otherwise normal. A left-sided pelvic mass was palpable. brain MRI pre- and post-gadolinium was normal. There was a mild CSF pleocytosis and an EEG showed minimal bilateral background activity irregularities. There were no other laboratory abnormalities. Two weeks after admission, she clinically deteriorated developing central respiratory failure and a flaccid paraplegia. Repeat MRI showed an area of increased T2 weighted signal in the medulla and three similar areas in the spinal cord. Following removal of her tumor, treatment with high dose corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, she ultimately made a full recovery. pathology revealed the tumor to be a benign ovarian cystic teratoma. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a reversible PEM seen in association with a benign tumor, in this case a mature ovarian teratoma. Presumably, an immune response directed against neural clements of the teratoma cross-reacted with normal brain, brainstem and spinal cord antigens to cause neurologic symptoms. Tumor removal was followed by neurologic recovery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.037195805912776keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/344. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor. A case report.Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) is a rare, benign tumor encountered in the cortex. It is characterized by the presence of cells of different histogenesis. Due to its mixed nature (glial-neuronal), WHO histological classification of brain tumors included it into the group of neuronal and glial-neuronal mixed tumors. Case of tumor in a 19-year-old woman experiencing for three years seizure of temporal lobe epilepsy is presented. A cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed "pseudocystic" tumor in temporal lobe. Histological and immunocytochemical examinations of the tumor fragment removed during surgery revealed large numbers of neuronalglial nodules occurring in the cerebral cortex. Columns of glial-neuronal structures crossing parallely to the cortex surface, surrounded by oligodendrocyte-like cells (OLC) were a characteristic feature of the tumor texture. In the tumor interstitium, "floating" maturated, dysplastic-free ganglionic cells were visible in numerous bright spaces. In addition, numerous lobuliform--structured areas consisted of oligodendrocyte-like cells. Oligodendrocyte-like cells were characterized by positive immunoreaction to the presence of S-100 protein and synaptophysin. Basing on clinical manifestation and histopathological findings dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor was diagnosed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.020752703840937keywords = brain, cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/344. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT): an ultrastructural study of six cases.We report six cases od DNT with a detailed ultrastructural characteristics. The patient age ranged from 7 to 16 years (mean 12), the location was temporal in three cases and frontal, temporooccipital and parietooccipital in each of one remaining cases. The predominant clinical feature in each case was history of episodes of intractable seizures. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were multinodular, each nodule was well-circumscribed and was composed of glioneuronal elements embedded in the variable amount of myxoid matrix. The oligodendroglial-like cells (OLC) predominated in the nodules with some accompanying mature neurons. The nodules were frequently surrounded by small calcifications which could be found also within the tumors. OLCs were immunoreactive for S-100 protein and neurons had the expression of synaptophysin and neurofilament proteins. Ultrastructurally, each tumor consisted of three major elements: neoplastic cells (OLC), elongated processes forming neuropil-like structure and expanded "mucoid" extracellular space: the latter gave an impression of cellular elements floating within it. Neoplastic cells had round, oval or elongated nuclei, no discernible nucleoli and a relatively narrow rim of the cytoplasm. Some nuclei were irregular and invaginated and pseudoinclusions were observed; a part of cytoplasm sequestered within pseudoinclusions often appeared degenerated with large blabs and electron-lucent vesicles, some of these contained in turn semicircular profiles of unknown significance. The second element consisted of innumerable cellular processes. Some of these were elongated and formed stacks connected by symmetrical symmetric or asymmetric adhesive plaque junctions. The others had shorter "neck" containing microtubules, these extended into bullous extensions. Dense-cored vesicles were occasionally observed, in both cytoplasm of neoplastic cells and within processes. In one cell, cross-sectioned annulate lamellae were found. In cytoplasm of a few cells, unusual inclusions reminiscent ribosome-lamellae complexes were observed. These were cylindrical resembling "laboratory tubes" with a cone-like endings. At higher power, walls of the "tubes" resolved into layered structures composed of several laminae; between laminae, ribosome-like structures were visible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neoplasm (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/344. Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the mediastinum after treatment of a mediastinal germ-cell tumor.Three years after four cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy for a nonseminomatous germ-cell tumor of the mediastinum followed by complete resection of residual teratoma in a 21-year-old man, a mediastinal recurrence was diagnosed as an extraskeletal osteosarcoma. After unsuccessful chemotherapy and removal of the tumor, the patient died of cerebral metastases. Histologic transformation of the teratomatous components of nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors is an uncommon phenomenon showing a particular aspect of germ-cell tumor biology. We review the literature and discuss the pathogenesis concerning this subject.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0021548008845485keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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