1/8. Occurrence of tics in Asperger's syndrome and autistic disorder.Asperger's syndrome is a condition in the autistic spectrum in which language development is normal. patients with Asperger's syndrome frequently exhibit repetitive movements (stereotypies), and can have motor and phonic tics in addition to other behavioral abnormalities. We present 12 patients with autistic spectrum disorders who were referred to our movement disorders Clinic for evaluation of tics. Eight of the 12 had normal language development and therefore met criteria for Asperger's syndrome. All patients exhibited stereotypic movements; in addition, seven had tics and six of these met diagnostic criteria for tourette syndrome. Of the six patients with clinical features of both Asperger's syndrome and tourette syndrome, three had severe congenital sensory deficits. The autistic patients in our series were clinically heterogeneous and though tics were clearly present, other aberrant movements demonstrated by them were harder to classify. Our series confirms the wide range of clinical manifestations in Asperger's syndrome and autism, including tics and other features of tourette syndrome. Furthermore, it suggests that sensory deprivation contributes to the development of adventitious movements in this population.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/8. Lamotrigine-induced tic disorder: report of five pediatric cases.PURPOSE: To describe the clinical spectrum of lamotrigine (LTG)-induced tics (an uncommon side effect) in children. methods: Retrospective analysis of patients from our hospital-based practice who developed tics while on LTG. Data obtained from medical records, interviews with parents, video-EEGs, and homemade videotapes. RESULTS: Three males and two females (range, 2.5-12 years; mean, 6.9 years) developed a movement disorder within the first 10 months of therapy (maintenance doses, 4-17 mg/kg/day). Four patients exhibited simple motor tics; one patient experienced mostly vocal (i.e., gasping sounds) tics. Laryngoscopic evaluation of one 2.5-year-old with repetitive gasping sounds was normal. In three cases, tics resolved completely within 1 month of drug cessation; tics recurred in two of these patients after reintroduction of LTG. A fourth patient experienced gradual improvement after stopping LTG over 4 months; the fifth patient's simple motor tics improved spontaneously with a reduction in medication. None of the patients had clinical features of a neurodegenerative disorder, and none met diagnostic criteria for tourette syndrome. Two patients, however, had a diagnosis of acquired epileptic aphasia syndrome, and one patient had nonprogressive expressive and receptive language dysfunction. A fourth patient had global static encephalopathy, and the fifth patient had only attentional problems. In all patients, tics were not associated with ictal EEG changes. CONCLUSIONS: LTG may infrequently induce simple motor tics, vocal tics, or both. patients with severe language dysfunction may be particularly susceptible to this uncommon side effect. Further studies are necessary to clarify the population at risk.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/8. carbamazepine-induced combined phonic and motor tic in a boy with Down's syndrome.We report the occurrence of a tic in a boy with Down's syndrome. The movement disorder was induced by carbamazepine (CBZ) and resolved completely after discontinuation of CBZ. The development of tics seems to be a rare, idiosyncratic side effect of CBZ in children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/8. Myelopathy caused by tics in an adolescent, associated with T2 signal intensity changes of the spinal cord.COURSE: A 15-year-old boy who had suffered motor tics since age 9 developed progressive cervical myelopathy involving both his hands and his lower extremities. T2-weighted MRI revealed mild canal stenosis and increased signal intensity in the cervical spinal cord beginning at the C-4 level and continuing upward to the medulla oblongata. TREATMENT: After C-3 to C-7 laminoplasty, the patient's clinical symptoms improved. DISCUSSION: It is possible that movement disorders such as tics may contribute to the development of cervical myelopathy owing to the effects of involuntary movements on the neck. Such an intensity change on a T2-weighted image has never been reported in an adolescent tic disorder. Despite such changes, surgical treatment may bring about clinical improvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11.442355693778keywords = involuntary movement, movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/8. Psychogenic tics: diagnostic value of the placebo test.Motor tics are characterized by abrupt onset of brief, unsustained focal movements that are usually preceded by a premonitory sensation and are suppressible. Psychogenic tics (pseudotics) are rarely described. It may not be easy to distinguish organic from functional tics because they can coexist. Using a case illustration, the value of a "staged" placebo test in aiding the diagnosis of psychogenic tics is described. In addition, a concise summary of the clinical phenomenology of tics and the diagnosis and management of psychogenic movement disorders is provided.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/8. The emergence of tics during escitalopram and sertraline treatment.The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have well-established antidepressant activity and have also demonstrated efficacy in a number of anxiety disorders, including panic disorder. The SSRIs, escitalopram and sertraline, are well-tolerated and movement disorders are rarely associated with their use. We present a case of the emergence of tics associated with escitalopram and sertraline treatment, which might be due to an imbalance in the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/8. Anesthetic management for cesarean delivery in a woman with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder with an early childhood onset featuring mainly motor and vocal tics. We present the anesthetic management for cesarean delivery of a 21-year-old pregnant woman with Tourette's syndrome. She had shrugging of the shoulders and sudden, jerky, repetitive, irregular movements of the hands. General anesthesia was given for cesarean delivery. A live male infant weighing 3130 g was delivered. Her perioperative course was uneventful. No complication was observed. The patient and baby were discharged on the 4th postoperative day. It was decided to prescribe haloperidol 5 mg per day after lactation. Anesthesiologists should remember that there are special considerations when managing anesthesia in patients with Tourette's syndrome. The motor tics may lead to technical difficulty in performing regional anesthesia and surgery. Therefore general anesthesia may be appropriate in order to prevent agitation or involuntary movements. If patient movement and agitation can be controlled by sedation, regional block may be attempted. Drugs such as metoclopramide, ondansetron, midazolam and opioids may be used safely for anesthesia in Tourette's syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 11.692355693778keywords = involuntary movement, movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/8. Atypical movement disorders in antiphospholipid syndrome.movement disorders have only rarely been reported in association with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In such cases, chorea is the most common disorder observed, with occasional reports of hemidystonia, Parkinsonism, and hemiballism. We report here on 3 cases of APS (3 women ages 16, 46, and 56 years) who presented with movement disorders, including tics, tremor, myoclonus, and a corticobasal syndrome, never or rarely reported in association with this disease. Mild executive dysfunction was observed in all 3 patients. We also report the successful treatment of two of these patients with mild oral anticoagulation (INR 2-3). movement disorders in APS seem more clinically heterogeneous than previously thought. Oral anticoagulation should be considered in the treatment of movement disorders associated with APS.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = movement (Clic here for more details about this article) |