1/44. Tonsillar lymphoma and AIDS.A case of a patient presenting unilateral tonsillar enlargement, whereby non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and AIDS were diagnosed, is presented. The clinical and pathological aspects of this pathology, its pathogenicity and treatment are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/44. The blastic variant of mantle cell lymphoma arising in Waldeyer's tonsillar ring.We present three cases of blastic mantle cell lymphoma with an unusual initial manifestation in Waldeyer's ring with methods for differentiating it from other blastic neoplasms of the head and neck. All cases presented with a feeling of fullness in the area of the mass. Morphologically, the tumours were blastic with a high mitotic rate (three to nine per high power field). All were B-cell phenotype with coexpression of CD43. In all cases cyclin d1 and bcl-2 were positive and CD23 negative. Blastic mantle cell lymphoma occurring in Waldeyer's tonsillar ring may be mistaken for other high grade haematopoietic neoplasms. immunohistochemistry and awareness of this type of lymphoma are helpful in differentiating it from other neoplasms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/44. Transmucosal fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of intraoral and intrapharyngeal lesions.OBJECTIVES: The effectiveness of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for the diagnosis of neck, thyroid, and salivary gland masses is well documented. Very few reports explore the potential of an intraoral FNAB approach for the diagnosis of submucosal lesions. We describe our technique and present case examples of pertinent differential diagnostic entities. We recommend an expanded role for FNAB of the oral cavity and oropharynx. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. methods: A uniform technique was employed for transmucosal FNAB of 76 patients with intraoral masses. In applicable cases, cytology results were compared with traditional biopsy methods and permanent histopathologic specimens for accuracy. RESULTS: Our experience demonstrates the high sensitivity (93%) and specificity (86%) of intraoral FNAB when compared with biopsy by conventional means. FNAB provides distinct advantages for the cytologic diagnosis of submucosal lesions, which may be difficult to reach and adequately sample through conventional biopsy. FNAB of the tonsil and tonsillar fossa provides a safe and effective means of diagnosing both lymphoma and squamous cell cancer. Transmucosal FNAB via the mouth led to rapid diagnosis of a number of benign and malignant lesions. Applying this uniform FNAB technique, we had no significant complications. CONCLUSION: We recommend transmucosal FNAB as an effective means for highly accurate diagnosis of submucosal lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Traditional biopsy techniques in the oral cavity may require anesthesia and may have diagnostic difficulties, particularly for submucosal lesions. Transmucosal FNAB overcomes these shortcomings by providing a minimally invasive means to rapid diagnosis of intraoral lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/44. Multilobated large B-cell lymphoma diagnosed cytologically. A case report.BACKGROUND: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy can be used to reliably classify most conditions involving lymph nodes or, at least, significantly reduce the differential diagnosis. CASE: A 70-year-old male presented with an ulcerated mass arising from the left tonsillar fossa and involving the anterior and posterior pillars. A biopsy of the tonsillar mass performed at an outside hospital was interpreted as a large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. Subsequently the patient developed systemic lymphadenopathy. A bone scan showed intense uptake within the medial tibial plateau of the left knee. FNA biopsy of the right axillary mass was interpreted at University of Cincinnati Medical College as a large cell lymphoma, multilobated type. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies of the lymph node confirmed the presence of multilobated B-cell lymphoma. lymphoma chemotherapy was initially successful but was discontinued due to toxicity. The patient died two months after the initial cytologic diagnosis of lymphoma. CONCLUSION: Multilobated lymphomas are an unusual variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (mostly B-cell type). Cytology and immunocytochemistry are useful diagnostic procedures that can help to diagnose this relatively uncommon type of lymphoma and significantly reduce the possibility of misdiagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/44. Acute leukemia following prolonged cytotoxic agent therapy.1. Nine patients in whom acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) developed following prolonged alkylating agent therapy are described. Five of the patients received no radiotherapy. The conditions treated were: Hodgkin's disease (four patients), primary amyloidosis, primary macroglobulinemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and carcinoma of the tonsil. 2. Prior to the advent of chemotherapy, this complication was not observed in large series of patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and multiple myeloma. However, the medical literature now contains at least 125 other detailed reports of ANLL developing after prolonged cytotoxic agent therapy. 3. multiple myeloma and Hodgkin's disease, both of which commonly have good responses to chemotherapy, predominate as the underlying diseases. However, 35% of the case reports involve patients with other illnesses, including 12 patients who did not have neoplasms. 4. More than half of the patients developing ANLL have received chemotherapy alone without radiotherapy. 5. At least half of the patients developing ANLL experienced long periods of significant cytopenia during therapy, often with documentation of bone marrow dysplasia. 6. The wide variety of drugs associated with this complication suggests that any cytotoxic agent may be leukemogenic. However, alkylating agents overwhelmingly predominate as the class of compounds which are most often associated with terminal ANLL. 7. The vast majority of patients reported in the literature with ANLL complicating underlying malignancies have received cytotoxic drugs for prolonged periods (median 3 1/2 years) and leukemia developed most commonly 3 to 5 years after the diagnosis of the underlying disease. Most of these patients benefited from therapy and survived longer (median 5 years) than historical control of untreated patients. 8. The leukemogenic potential in man of prolonged cytotoxic agents therapy, especially with alkylating agents, seems to be well established. This evidence admonishes against the prolonged use of these drugs in non-fatal disorders. 9. More accurate assessment of risk: benefit ratios awaits the results of prospective controlled studies. The results of these studies could also lead to significant modifications in recommendations for long-term maintenance therapy with cytotoxic agents.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/44. Waldeyer's ring lymphoma presenting as massive oropharyngeal hemorrhage.A case report of a patient presenting with massive oropharyngeal hemorrhage originating from lymphoma of the tonsil and it's management is discussed. Locally advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma may manifest with massive oropharyngeal hemorrhage, however, it is unusual for Waldeyer's ring lymphoma to present in this fashion. Management of oropharyngeal malignancies presenting in this manner includes airway control, control of hemorrhage, and biopsy of the tumor. hemorrhage control is provided by surgical exploration or intraarterial embolization. Extranodal lymphoma of the head and neck is not uncommon and is thoroughly discussed in the medical literature. hemorrhage into the upper aerodigestive tract is occasionally observed in the patient with head and neck cancer. It usually occurs, however, in patients with squamous cell carcinoma that have been previously treated or in patients with locally advanced cancers. A comprehensive review of the literature has revealed no other reports of head and neck lymphoma presenting with massive oropharyngeal hemorrhage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/44. association of gastric and Waldeyer's ring lymphoma: a molecular study.The coexistence of Waldeyer's ring and gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas at presentation is well known. Moreover, localized gastrointestinal relapses following successful treatment of lymphomas of Waldeyer's ring and thyroid lymphomas occurring after a prolonged disease-free interval have also been described. We report two cases of concomitant lymphoma in Waldeyer's ring and stomach. On the basis of the molecular analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangements, two different patterns of concomitant involvement by a lymphoma in Waldeyer's ring and in the gastrointestinal region seem to exist. One is represented by the preferential dissemination of the lymphoma from one site to the other, the second by the apparently independent growth of clonally unrelated lymphomas at each site.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.2keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/44. CD-30 positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring.We describe a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring that ran a highly aggressive course. This is followed by a discussion on the differential diagnoses of nasal T/NK cell lymphoma and Ki-1 ALCL, based on clinical and pathological features.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.2keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/44. Transfusion-associated graft vs. host disease in a patient with high-grade B-cell lymphoma. Should cellular products for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma be irradiated?We present the case of a 64-year-old man who died from transfusion-associated graft vs. host disease (TA-GVHD) having been treated 2 years earlier for a high-grade, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We suggest that he was at increased risk of developing TA-GVHD as a result of the NHL and its subsequent treatment, and propose that patients with NHL should be added to those 'at risk' groups who receive irradiated cellular blood components.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.8keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/44. Marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, extranodal-malt-type: report of three cases.A high proportion of extranodal lymphoid infiltrates are diffuse small lymphocytic proliferations [1, 2] and therefore pose a particularly challenging diagnostic problem [1-4]. Their benign or malignant nature cannot be determined using clinical and radiologic criteria. The application of traditional morphologic criteria (i.e., cytologic maturity and polymorphism favor benignancy, while cytologic atypia and monomorphism favor malignancy) [5, 6], has probably improved diagnostic accuracy. However, these criteria generally have not been helpful in evaluating the large number of lymphoid infiltrates composed of monomorphic collections of small cytologically-mature appearing lymphoid cells [1-4] and, therefore, have not always accurately predicted clinical behavior. Extranodal lymphoid proliferations are also of considerable biologic interest since their pathogenesis and natural history have not been fully elucidated. Localized non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, extranodal-MALT-type. was diagnosed in our Department in three cases: Two arose in the orbit and the third one in the tonsil. The tumors had a typical histologic appearance. The microscopical features and immunohistochemical profile are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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