1/26. Mycobacterium heckeshornense sp. nov., A new pathogenic slowly growing Mycobacterium sp. Causing cavitary lung disease in an immunocompetent patient.A pathogenic scotochromogenic mycobacterium xenopi-like organism was isolated from the lung of an immunocompetent young woman. This pathogen caused severe bilateral cavitary lung disease, making two surgical interventions necessary after years of chronic disease. This case prompted us to characterize this mycobacterium by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The isolate contained chemotaxonomic markers which were typical for the genus Mycobacterium, i.e., the meso isomer of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose, and galactose as diagnostic whole-cell sugars, MK-9(H(2)) as the principal isoprenoid quinone, a mycolic acid pattern of alpha-mycolates, ketomycolates, and wax ester mycolates, unbranched saturated and unsaturated fatty acids plus a significant amount of tuberculostearic acid, and small amounts of a C(20:0) secondary alcohol. On the basis of its unique 16S rRNA and 16S-23S spacer gene sequences, we propose that the isolate should be assigned to a new species, Mycobacterium heckeshornense. This novel species is phylogenetically closely related to M. xenopi. The type strain of M. heckeshornense is strain S369 (DSM 44428(T)). The GenBank accession number of the 16S rRNA gene of M. heckeshornense is AF174290.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/26. death associated with rifampin and pyrazinamide 2-month treatment of latent mycobacterium tuberculosis.We present the case of an elderly patient who died of fulminant hepatic failure in the course of receiving 2 months of treatment with pyrazinamide and rifampin for his latent tuberculosis. This 2-month course of treatment for latent tuberculosis is one of four options recently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We discuss the safety of using this two-drug regimen to treat latent tuberculosis in stable elderly patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/26. mycobacterium kansasii causing carpal tunnel syndrome with concomitant pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.mycobacterium kansasii is an uncommon cause of infection of the hand. Other atypical mycobacteria that cause hand infections are M marinium, M avium, M intracellularis, and M chelonei. Such infections usually occur around aquatic areas, though sometimes the source of infection is elusive. Inoculation of the atypical mycobacterium into the host occurs usually from a traumatic break in the skin. patients commonly report a history of fish tank cleaning, oyster shucking, swinuning, or other aquatic activities. Several drug regimenshave been suggested and used successfully. Surgical intervention is occasionally required for unresponsive or symptomatic cases. Concomitant hand infection and pulmonary tuberculosis is extremely rare. We present a case report of M kansasii infection of the hand and forearm, with carpal tunnel syndrome complicated by concomitant pulmonary M tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/26. mycobacterium bovis versus mycobacterium tuberculosis as a cause of acute cervical lymphadenitis without pulmonary disease.Bovine tuberculosis remains a common disease of cattle in countries such as mexico. Children eating unpasteurized dairy products from Mexican cattle can develop mycobacterium bovis cervical lymphadenitis. However, the bovine mycobacterium can be misdiagnosed as mycobacterium tuberculosis based on standard laboratory testing. Accurate speciation is important for selection of the preferred antibiotic regimen for treatment of mycobacterium bovis infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/26. Potential interactions between irinotecan and rifampin in a patient with small-cell lung cancer.This report describes a patient with small-cell lung cancer who was infected with both mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterium. He received irinotecan plus cisplatin, with and without rifampin. rifampin slightly reduced the conversion of irinotecan to 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), as determined by pharmacokinetic analysis. rifampin may influence the metabolism and toxicity of irinotecan to some extent. However, there are possibilities to control M. tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium complex infections in patients with small-cell lung cancer by using rifampin in combination with irinotecan plus cisplatin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/26. Transmission of mycobacterium tuberculosis via lung transplantation.Organ donors are not routinely screened for tuberculosis (TB) in the united states. We investigated a case of pulmonary TB in a double-lung transplant recipient. We reviewed the donor's and recipient's records, and used molecular methods to compare the lung recipient's isolate with others from three sources: her hospital, the california state health department's genotyping database, and the donor's resident-nation of guatemala. A respiratory specimen obtained from the lung recipient 1 day after transplantation grew mycobacterium tuberculosis. Donor chest radiograph had a previously unnoticed pulmonary opacity that was present on post-transplant recipient chest radiographs and computed tomographs. The recipient's isolate was molecularly distinct from others at her hospital and in the state database, but was identical to two isolates from guatemala. Tuberculosis was transmitted from lung donor to recipient. As organ transplantation becomes more common worldwide, similar cases could occur. Screening for TB in potential organ donors should be considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/26. Tuberculosis presenting as endobronchial tumor.Endobronchial tuberculosis TB can be present in various forms including ulceration, hyperemia and granulation tissue and rarely as mass lesion. We present a case of TB presenting as endobronchial tumor mimicking lung cancer on bronchoscopic examination. The histology of the tumor showed caseating granuloma and bronchial lavage culture was positive for mycobacterium TB. The patient improved after anti TB treatment. Endobronchial TB is usually a complication of primary pulmonary TB mostly occurring in children but can occur in adults. The most common form of endobronchial TB is mucosal hyperemia and erosions leading to ulceration and granulation tissue. cough is the most common symptom and the most serious complication is bronchial stenosis. Several treatment modalities have been tried to decrease the incidence of bronchial stenosis including isoniazid inhalation and systemic steroids but results are not convincing. early diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent this debilitating complication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/26. Isolation of Mycobacterium septicum from the sputum of a patient suffering from hemoptoic pneumonia.A rapidly growing mycobacterium was isolated in pure culture from the sputum of a 78-year-old woman suffering from hemoptoic pneumonia. The isolate exhibited an antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and a biochemical profile similar to that of Mycobacterium septicum ATCC 700731(T) and shared 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with this type strain over 1480 bp. Its partial rpoB sequence shared 98.2% similarity with the latter species, suggesting the isolate was representative of a sequevar of M. septicum. Contrary to the type strain, this isolate was resistant to azithromycin, erythromycin, vancomycin and tobramycin. This case illustrates the first isolation from sputum of M. septicum, a member of the mycobacterium fortuitum group previously isolated once from bacteremia. Strain D13 has been deposited in the Collection de l'Institut Pasteur as CIP 108512.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/26. Rosai-Dorfman disease of the testis: an unusual entity that mimics testicular malignancy.A 47 year old Chinese man with diabetes mellitus and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis presented with painless right testicular enlargement of 1 month's duration. He underwent an orchidectomy for presumed testicular neoplasm corroborated clinicoradiologically. Histological examination of the testicular mass revealed an inflammatory lesion comprising lymphocytes, plasma cells and sheets of pale staining histiocytes, some containing lymphocytes within their ample cytoplasm, suggestive of emperipolesis. S100 immunohistochemistry stained the histiocytes, while ultrastructural examination confirmed emperipolesis. A diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease was made, an exceedingly rare testicular lesion. Clinicoradiological findings mimicked a neoplasm, while the inflammatory histological appearances with occasionally discerned multinucleated cells raised the possibility of xanthogranulomatous orchitis. Tuberculous orchitis was excluded through negative Ziehl-Neelsen stains and PCR for mycobacterium, while seminoma, which sometimes features a predominant inflammatory component obscuring neoplastic cells, was excluded by absent immunostaining for placental alkaline phosphatase and CD117.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/26. Mycobacterial infection of intraparenchymal bronchogenic cysts.Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) may rarely cause some interesting and unusual complications. Although infection is a common complication of BCs, there are only two patients with BC infected with mycobacterium in English literature. Two intraparenchymal BCs infected with mycobacterium are presented here as unusual complications. cystectomy was performed for the cysts. They were given antituberculosis treatment. No complication or recurrences were detected in follow up period.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = mycobacterium (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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