1/18. arsenic keratosis and pigmentation accompanied by multiple bowen's disease and genitourinary cancer in a psoriasis patient.We report a case of arsenic keratosis and pigmentation accompained by multiple bowen's disease and genitourinary cancer in a 64-year-old man. He was a psoriasis patient with a history of herbal medication for about thirty years. He showed multiple hyperkeratotic plaques on the bilateral palms, soles, and multiple, brownish, scaly, elevated papules on the back in addition to diffuse hyperpigmentation. biopsy confirmed arsenic keratosis and bowen's disease. Transitional cell carcinoma was also detected on his ureter and bladder during follow-up. The skin lesions were treated with topical 5-fluorouracil, etretinate, and excision with improvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/18. Triple cancers in the urogenital area of a patient with aplastic anemia.Three epithelial neoplastic lesions, perineal Bowenoid papulosis, uterine cervical carcinoma, and bladder transitional cell carcinoma, which occurred in a mildly immunosuppressed patient who had aplastic anemia were studied for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In the Bowenoid papulosis, HPV type 16 dna was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by in situ hybridization (ISH). In contrast, in the uterine cervical carcinoma, HPV 16 was not detected, although possibly another unidentified type of HPV in the lesion was suggested by the ISH findings. In the bladder transitional cell carcinoma, neither papillomavirus genus-specific (PGS) antigen nor HPV dna was found.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/18. Primary broad ligament cystadenocarcinoma with mucinous component: a case report with immunohistochemical study.Primary cystadenocarcinoma that arises in the broad ligament is extremely rare, especially when it is mucinous. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with a cystic mass of the right broad ligament who underwent a complete excision of the mass (7 x 7 x 3 cm) with hysterectomy, right salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, appendicectomy, and peritoneal biopsies. Pathologic examination showed a low-grade cystadenocarcinoma with a mucinous component limited to the broad ligament. Despite the chemotherapy (cisplatinum and cyclophosphamide) performed, early tumor recurrence occurred after approximately 6 months. Our observation revealed an abundant mucin production with pools of mucin similar to those of pseudomyxoma peritonei and an inflammatory infiltrate with prominent lipid phagocytosis. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a strong and diffuse positivity for both cytokeratin 7 and epithelial membrane antigen. A less extensive staining with carcinoembryonic antigen and a focal unequivocal positivity with cytokeratin 20, particularly in mucin-secreting cells, were also observed. This finding could indicate a metaplastic process toward colonic phenotype similar to primary ovarian tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8.9989772462802keywords = carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/18. Merkel cell carcinoma -- a rarity in the urogenital tract.BACKGROUND: Merkel cell carcinoma -- a rare, aggressive cancer of the skin integument - is being increasingly diagnosed but represents an absolute rarity in the urogenital tract. CASE REPORT: We report on a 70-year-old man who was referred to us with suspected testicular cancer. The pathology report revealed a metastasized Merkel cell carcinoma. Fulminant disease progression under chemo-therapy (regimen as for small cell lung cancer) resulted in death 5 months later. CONCLUSION: The patient described is considered to be the first to develop testicular metastasis derived from Merkel cell carcinoma. Besides neuroendocrine and epithelial antigen tests, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is a helpful diagnostic tool. New receptor-associated therapies may allow more effective and less toxic treatment modalities in the mostly elderly or immune deficient patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/18. A heparin-like anticoagulant as part of global abnormalities of plasma glycosaminoglycans in a patient with transitional cell carcinoma.A patient is described in whom a circulating heparin-like anticoagulant developed during the terminal course of metastatic transitional cell carcinoma. The anticoagulant, which was identified as heparan sulfate, was the clinical sign of global abnormalities in the patient's plasma glycosaminoglycans. Subsequent analysis disclosed increased amounts of chondroitin sulfate as well as heparan sulfate. In addition, the charge density and molecular weight of the patient glycosaminoglycans and their organization into proteoglycans differed significantly from glycosaminoglycans isolated from normal plasma samples.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/18. A new familial cancer syndrome? A spectrum of malignant and benign tumors including retinoblastoma, carcinoma of the bladder and other genitourinary tumors, thyroid adenoma, and a probable case of multifocal osteosarcoma.An 11-year-old Caucasian girl who had been cured of bilateral retinoblastoma developed non-radiation-induced osteosarcoma in multiple sites of the extremities. Investigation of the medical histories of 36 of her family members through six generations revealed that 8 relatives on the maternal side (22%) had malignant tumors, predominately genitourinary carcinomas, 2(6%) had benign tumors only, and 2(6%) had both benign and malignant neoplasms. The histologic variety of these tumors, the predominance of genitourinary carcinoma, the higher than expected frequency of tumor appearance over six generations, and the occurrence of malignant tumors in direct lineage suggest that the case of retinoblastoma followed by osteosarcoma is part of a familial cancer syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/18. Differential diagnosis of genitourinary tumors using monoclonal antibodies to intermediate filament proteins.Definitive diagnosis of poorly differentiated and metastatic neoplasms may be impossible using conventional histologic criteria. Recent developments in cell biology and immunology now enable us to answer such difficult diagnostic problems. Several varieties of structural proteins can be identified in malignant cells using monoclonal antibodies. The composition of these proteins can yield information regarding the origin of a neoplasm. intermediate filaments are one such family of structural proteins. By characterization of these proteins, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies, poorly differentiated tumors may be definitively classified as carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, or neural tumors. This approach to tumor diagnosis is now applicable to difficult problems in clinical urology.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/18. sexuality and fertility in urologic cancer patients.With the advent of effective treatment for urologic cancer, the preservation of sexual function and fertility has become an important goal. Some cancer treatments damage the physiological systems involved in reproduction. All have a psychological impact on sexuality. For men with prostate cancer, current issues in sexual rehabilitation include the debate on nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy, the role of vascular damage in causing erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy, and the need for a better understanding of hormonal effects on central and peripheral mechanisms of sexual function. In the treatment of men and women with bladder cancer, the sexual function morbidity of radical cystectomy is described in data from prospective interview studies. Sexual desire and orgasm remain normal after surgery despite disruption of the genital vasocongestion accompanying sexual arousal. Long-term follow-up studies of testicular cancer patients suggest that some increase in sexual dysfunction does occur. infertility remains a concern for a subgroup of younger, childless men. Attempts to modify or eliminate retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy are discussed, as is recovery of spermatogenesis after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Sexual function in patients with penile, urethral, or renal cell carcinoma is briefly reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/18. Triple urogenital cancer in a patient with a history of heavy smoking who had been exposed to the Hiroshima atomic bomb explosion.A survivor of the Hiroshima atomic bomb experienced triple cancer of the urogenital organs after a long history of heavy smoking. The cancers comprised a clear cell carcinoma of the right kidney, transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder, left ureter and left renal pelvis, and adenocarcinoma of the prostate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.4998295410467keywords = carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/18. Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome.The nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome is characterized by major manifestations, such as multiple basal-cell carcinomata, cysts of the jaws, and skeletal--specifically, rib--abnormalities. Findings in 53 patients and a review of the literature document both major and lesser-known manifestations of the disorder. The odontogenic keratocyst, which usually appears during adolescence, has a marked tendency to recur. In addition to the skin tumors, milia, epidermoid cysts, chalazia, comedones, and palmar and plantar pits are frequent. The skin tumors, originally thought to be independent of sun exposure, are more common in sun-exposed areas and are far less frequent and occur at a much later age in blacks than in whites. There is some evidence that radiation of the skin promotes the appearance of skin cancers in this disorder. Unilateral linear nevoid basal-cell carcinomas with comedones may represent postzygotic somatic mutation. A proclivity to other forms of neoplasia exists. patients with this syndrome have had medulloblastoma, meningioma, ovarian fibroma, ovarian fibrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma of the jaws, cardiac fibroma, fetal rhabdomyoma, and lymphatic or chylous cysts of the mesentery. In addition to the usual modalities of treatment, topical immunotherapy and topical 5-fluorouracil have been used with success. Oral synthetic retinoids, such as 13-cis-retinoic acid, have been used to prevent new lesions from appearing and to arrest the growth of older lesions by inducing differentiation. The independent observations of increased prostaglandin levels associated both with odontogenic keratocyst expansion and aggression of basal cell cancers merit further investigation both as a fundamental cellular mechanism and as a possible basis for treatment (e.g., with antiprostaglandins). The key to pre- and early postnatal diagnosis of the disorder--as well as to an understanding of the basic abnormality--lies in molecular genetics. Prime attention should be given to finding the site of the gene through the use of dna and other markers.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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