1/19. Laboratory acquired infection with recombinant vaccinia virus containing an immunomodulating construct.Handling of vaccinia virus represents a risk for laboratory-acquired infections, especially in individuals without completed vaccination. We report the case of a Vaccinia infection in a previously vaccinated researcher working with various genetically modified strains. We could confirm the infection by electron microscopy, positive cell culture, virus-specific PCR, sequence analysis, and viral neutralization test. The isolated virus carried a functionally inactivated cytohesin-1 gene of human origin, which had been shown to impair leukocyte adhesion by interacting with the LFA/ICAM-1 axis. The immunomodulating nature of the inserted construct might thus have added to the infectivity of the virus. We emphasize on the necessity of Vaccinia vaccination in laboratory staff working in the field.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/19. Update on adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination--united states, 2003.During January 24-April 4, 2003, smallpox vaccine was administered to 31,297 civilian health-care and public health workers in 54 jurisdictions as part of an effort to prepare the united states for a possible terrorist attack using smallpox virus. This report updates information on all vaccine-associated adverse events among civilians vaccinated since the beginning of the smallpox vaccination program and among contacts of vaccinees, received by CDC from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) as of April 4.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/19. Update: Adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination--united states, 2003.During January 24-April 18, 2003, smallpox vaccine was administered to 33,444 civilian health-care and public health workers in 54 jurisdictions to prepare the united states for a possible terrorist attack using smallpox virus. This report updates information on vaccine-associated adverse events among civilians vaccinated since the beginning of the program and among contacts of vaccinees, received by CDC from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) as of April 18.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/19. Accidental infection of laboratory worker with vaccinia virus.We report the accidental needlestick inoculation of a laboratory worker with vaccinia virus. Although the patient had previously been vaccinated against smallpox, severe lesions appeared on the fingers. Western blot and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to analyze the virus recovered from the lesions. The vaccinia virus-specific immunoglobulin g levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our study supports the need for vaccination for laboratory workers that routinely handle orthopoxvirus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/19. Update: cardiac and other adverse events following civilian smallpox vaccination--united states, 2003.During January 24-June 20, 2003, smallpox vaccine was administered to 37,802 civilian health-care and public health workers in 55 jurisdictions to prepare the united states for a possible terrorist attack using smallpox virus. This report updates information on vaccine-associated adverse events among civilians vaccinated since the beginning of the program and among contacts of vaccinees, received by CDC from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) as of June 20. Two cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) were diagnosed 3 months after vaccination. For the potential relation between smallpox vaccine and DCM to be assessed, identification of additional cases of DCM among vaccinees will be essential. physicians who treat smallpox vaccine recipients are encouraged to evaluate and report patients with symptoms compatible with DCM, including those that occur several months after vaccination.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/19. Disseminated vaccinia false alarm.We report the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented in December 2002 with fever and a vesicular rash. Initially she was diagnosed with stevens-johnson syndrome. The differential diagnosis was expanded, however, when an exposure to a person who was believed to be vaccinated recently against smallpox was revealed. We describe the sequence of events that ensued and the workup for a possible case of disseminated virus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/19. Secondary and tertiary transfer of vaccinia virus among U.S. military personnel--united states and worldwide, 2002-2004.In December 2002, the Department of Defense (DoD) began vaccinating military personnel as part of the pre-event vaccination program. Because vaccinia virus is present on the skin at the site of vaccination, it can spread to other parts of the body (i.e., autoinoculation) or to contacts of vaccinees (i.e., contact transfer). To prevent autoinoculation and contact transfer, DoD gave vaccinees printed information that focused on hand washing, covering the vaccination site, and limiting contact with infants (1,2). This report describes cases of contact transfer of vaccinia virus among vaccinated military personnel since December 2002; findings indicate that contact transfer of vaccinia virus is rare. Continued efforts are needed to educate vaccinees about the importance of proper vaccination-site care in preventing contact transmission, especially in household settings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.875keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/19. Laboratory-acquired vaccinia infection.BACKGROUND: Complications following vaccination with vaccinia virus have been well described but are not commonly observed. The use of vaccinia as a tool in molecular biology, in the development of therapeutics, and the anticipated increase of vaccinations in the general population due to the threat of bioterrorism have created a renewed awareness of the post-vaccination complications and the consequent need for clinical and laboratory diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: To report the clinical presentation and subsequent diagnosis of generalized vaccinia that resulted from a laboratory accident in an unvaccinated subject. STUDY DESIGN: The patient was seen by a local infectious disease's specialist and evaluated clinically and with laboratory support relative to a differential diagnosis. RESULTS: Careful assessment of the patient's history, an evaluation of the workplace, and the elimination of likely microbial etiologies led to the diagnosis of generalized vaccinia. Laboratory confirmation was obtained by use of electron microscopy (EM) to observe poxvirus particles in infected cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to vaccinia virus should raise the index of suspicion for patients with skin lesions. Rapid diagnosis may be accomplished by direct examination of lesion material by EM. The virus also readily replicates in commonly available cell cultures and in the absence of immune reagents, typical poxvirus particles may be observed in the infected cells by EM.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.625keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/19. Laboratory confirmation of generalized vaccinia following smallpox vaccination.The reinitiation of smallpox vaccination has renewed interest in implementing modern diagnostic methods to assess orthopoxvirus infection and adverse events following vaccination. We report here the laboratory confirmation of vaccinia virus in pustular lesions of a healthy adult vaccinee by use of a two-tier algorithm incorporating TaqMan PCR and electron microscopy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/19. Ocular vaccinia following exposure to a smallpox vaccinee.PURPOSE: To describe the presentation and management of the first identified case of ocular vaccinia infection associated with the current smallpox vaccination program. DESIGN: Case report. methods: vaccinia virus was isolated by cell culture of a conjunctival swab. Direct staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled vaccinia antibody and polymerase chain reaction testing confirmed the diagnosis. RESULTS: In February 2003, a 26-year-old woman developed right preseptal cellulitis and blepharoconjunctivitis following contact with a vaccinated member of the military. The preseptal cellulitis resolved with antibacterial therapy, and the conjunctival infection was treated successfully with a 14-day course of topical trifluridine and a single dose of intravenous vaccinia immune globulin. CONCLUSIONS: To facilitate rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for ocular smallpox vaccine-associated adverse reactions in vaccine recipients and their close contacts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.125keywords = virus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |