1/18. Vascular changes in tuberculous meningoencephalitis.Our report refers two cases of tuberculous encephalomeningitis which differ in the course and pathological changes. In case 1 blood vessels showed features of peri, endo-, or panvasculites. In some vessels endothelium proliferation leading to the stenosis or obliteration of the vascular lumen was observed. necrosis was an effect of vessels occlusion. In case 2 many fewer vessel were involved in onflammation process. Vascular changes were also less extensive and were observed more rarely. Tuberculous infection often caused less tissue lesions than vascular changes. Different pathological changes probably depend on the type and virulence of Myobacterium tuberculosis and on the host immune response to the infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/18. Pachymeningitis in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA): a case report and a review of central nervous system involvement in MPA.A case of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) with pachymeningitis is described. The patient had renal, skin, gallbladder and peripheral nervous system involvement, simultaneously with pachymeningitis. Necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescent formation, and necrotizing small vessel vasculitis in the kidney and skin were confirmed by biopsy. A highly elevated titer of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody for myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA) was observed. All of the clinical and laboratory abnormalities improved with high-dose pulse and conventional steroid therapy. The literature on central nervous system involvement in MPA and perinuclear-ANCA (p-ANCA)-related vasculitis is reviewed. This case serves to emphasize that pachymeningitis can occur as one of the features of MPA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 174.56845267196keywords = pachymeningitis, meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/18. Hypertrophic pachymeningitis as an initial and cardinal manifestation of microscopic polyangiitis.The authors describe a 68-year-old man who developed hypertrophic pachymeningitis as an initial and cardinal manifestation of microscopic polyangiitis. The patient had a high titer of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody for myeloperoxidase. Biopsies revealed necrotizing glomerulonephritis in the kidney, small vessel vasculitis in the sural nerve, and infiltration of plasma cells and eosinophils in the thickened dura mater.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 284.28075445326keywords = pachymeningitis, meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/18. Vasculitic and encephalitic complications associated with coccidioides immitis infection of the central nervous system in humans: report of 10 cases and review.Six cases of apparent and four cases of histopathologically confirmed vasculitis of the central nervous system (CNS), including one case of histopathologically documented vasculitis with encephalitis associated with coccidioidal meningitis (CM), are presented. Vasculitic complications included changes in mental status as well as stroke-like findings of aphasia, hemianopsia, and hemiparesis. Seven patients died. Vasculitic complications were unanticipated and often abrupt in onset, and delayed therapeutic intervention was characteristic. The diagnosis of vasculitis/encephalitis due to coccidioides immitis infection must be based on clinical judgment, since serum antibody titers, cerebrospinal fluid findings, and initial radiological studies are not always helpful. Institution of both intravenous and intracisternal administration of amphotericin b and possibly concomitant intravenous administration of dexamethasone may be warranted in situations in which the association of C. immitis with CNS vasculitis or encephalitis appears likely before serologic or cultural confirmation of C. immitis infection involving the CNS is available.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/18. complement factor i deficiency associated with recurrent infections, vasculitis and immune complex glomerulonephritis.Here we report complement factor i deficiency in an 11-y-old girl from a consanguineous Turkish family, who presented with recurrent pyogenic infections, vasculitic eruptions and immune complex glomerulonephritis. A moderately low C3 level together with the clinical picture suggested a deficiency affecting regulation of complement activation. Analysis of haemolytic activity revealed absence of alternative pathway activity and subsequent analysis showed no detectable factor I (<2%) together with a low level of factor B and a moderately low level of factor H, indicating consumption secondary to the factor I deficiency. Factor I inhibits complement activation beyond C3 by cleavage of C3b in the presence of cofactors. complement factor i deficiency is frequently associated with recurrent pyogenic infections mainly affecting the upper and lower respiratory tract, or presenting as meningitis or septicaemia, while rheumatic disorders have not been a prominent feature. The patient's sister also suffered from recurrent pyogenic infections and had a low C3 level clearly suggesting the same deficiency.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/18. The neuropathology of malignant external otitis.A case report of malignant external otitis is presented with particular emphasis on the neuropathological sequelae. The most striking finding was a mycotic aneurysm of the basilar artery with resultant thrombosis and brain stem infarction. Diffuse pachymeningitis was also present. The severity of the changes described in this case further point out the need for early recognition and adequate treatment of this potentially fatal disease complex.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 56.856150890653keywords = pachymeningitis, meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/18. Chronic basal meningitis and vasculitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A possible role for human immunodeficiency virus.We describe the clinical and postmortem findings in a 57-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus who presented with neurologic symptoms attributed to stroke. In addition to multiple foci of ischemic necrosis, pathologic examination of the brain showed chronic basal meningitis and vasculitis. No microorganisms were found. The association of meningitis and vasculitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is unusual and the possibility that these conditions may be due to primary human immunodeficiency virus infection is raised.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/18. autopsy findings of serratia meningoencephalitis in infants.serratia meningoencephalitis is often a fatal disease that causes widespread destruction of brain tissue despite aggressive antibiotic treatment. The autopsy findings of 2 cases are described. In a case caused by S. liquefaciens, previously not reported as the causative organism of meningoencephalitis, suppurative meningitis, ventriculitis, vasculitis, and extensive necrotic process of the brain matter were found. In the other case, caused by S. marcescens, the findings were those of acute and subacute abscesses with hemorrhagic necrosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/18. Granulomatous angiitis presenting as chronic meningitis and ventriculitis.A 35-year-old woman had a diffuse encephalopathy with increased intracranial pressure and chronic lymphocytic meningitis. Hypoglycorrhachia and ventricular accumulation of tracer on radionuclide brain scanning suggested an infection. Cerebral cortical and leptomeningeal biopsies were done when she failed to improve with antituberculous therapy, but were not diagnostic. Granulomatous angiitis of the nervous system was diagnosed at postmortem examination and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of culture-negative chronic meningitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/18. diagnosis of probable cocaine-induced cerebral vasculitis by magnetic resonance angiography.cocaine-induced cerebral vasculitis is a serious but uncommon clinical entity. We present a case of probable cocaine-induced vasculitis that was unusual in that it was suggested by magnetic resonance angiography. The patient was a 42-year-old woman, who used cocaine both intravenously and intranasally, who was admitted with the acute onset of an illness that resembled bacterial meningitis. Results of the initial standard evaluation were negative, and a diagnosis of cerebral vasculitis was ultimately suggested by magnetic resonance angiography. We believe this to be the first reported case of the diagnosis of cocaine-induced cerebral vasculitis to be suggested by magnetic resonance angiography.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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