1/376. Hyperactive rhizopathy of the vagus nerve and microvascular decompression. Case report.A 37-year-old woman underwent microvascular decompression of the superior vestibular nerve for disabling positional vertigo. Immediately following the operation, she noted severe and spontaneous gagging and dysphagia. Multiple magnetic resonance images were obtained but failed to demonstrate a brainstem lesion and attempts at medical management failed. Two years later she underwent exploration of the posterior fossa. At the second operation, the vertebral artery as well as the posterior inferior cerebellar artery were noted to be compressing the vagus nerve. The vessels were mobilized and held away from the nerve with Teflon felt. The patient's symptoms resolved immediately after the second operation and she has remained symptom free. The authors hypothesize that at least one artery was shifted at the time of her first operation, or immediately thereafter, which resulted in vascular compression of the vagus nerve. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a hyperactive gagging response treated with microvascular decompression. The case also illustrates the occurrence of a possibly iatrogenic neurovascular compression syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/376. temporal bone fracture following blunt trauma caused by a flying fish.Blunt trauma to the temporal region can cause fracture of the skull base, loss of hearing, vestibular symptoms and otorrhoea. The most common causes of blunt trauma to the ear and surrounding area are motor vehicle accidents, violent encounters, and sports-related accidents. We present an obscure case of a man who was struck in the ear by a flying fish while wading in the sea with resulting temporal bone fracture, sudden deafness, vertigo, cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea, and pneumocephalus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/376. pyoderma gangrenosum complicating Cogan's syndrome.Cogan's syndrome is a rare clinical entity defined by the association of a nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis and vestibuloauditory dysfunction, typically Meniere's disease-like; the condition has been reported in association with a variety of cutaneous diseases. We now report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum complicating Cogan's syndrome in a 57-year-old woman, which then healed dramatically, as more interestingly did the associated uveitis with minocycline therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/376. Cogan's syndrome with refractory abdominal aortitis and mesenteric vasculitis.Cogan's syndrome is a rare multisystem disease characterized by ocular inflammation, vestibuloauditory dysfunction, and vasculitis. We report a 26-year-old Caucasian woman who died from Cogan's syndrome. Her case illustrates that patients with Cogan's syndrome can have abdominal aortitis and mesenteric vasculitis, and that the vasculitis can be refractory to methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and chlorambucil.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/376. Solitary plasmacytoma of the skull base presenting with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss.Solitary plasmacytoma of the skull base is a rare entity with only a few reported cases in the literature. We review the literature and present our experience with this lesion that produced ipsilateral sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo and ipsilateral sixth nerve palsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/376. A surgical case of atypical aortic coarctation using cardiopulmonary bypass.We report a 44-year-old woman with atypical aortic coarctation accompanied by cerebral artery disease. She was hospitalized for vertigo. An extra-anatomic bypass between the ascending aorta and abdominal aorta was performed using partial cardiopulmonary bypass under moderate hypothermia to reduce the after load of the left ventricle and maintain cerebral blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressure. The postoperative course was uneventful and there was no postoperative neurological deficiency.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/376. Poststeroid balance disorder--a case report in a body builder.The authors describe a case of poststeroid balance disorder in a 20-year-old athlete. Previous information of such a doping pathology among sportsmen taking anabolics was not found. That anabolic steroids had a harm to central activities and could be suspected especially on the basis of reported psychiatric sequels and cerebrovascular disorders. The case described is of a patient who had been given metandienone, oxymetholone, and nandrolone phenyloproprionate in two courses. vertigo appeared twice just after introducing doping and persisted in spite of a 1.5 year break in taking anabolics. In the electronystagmography a positional nystagmus was detected, the eye-tracking test was distempered, and abnormal responses in the caloric tests were obtained. In the computed dynamic posturography the number and length of body sway were increased and, consequently, the field of the outspread area was enlarged. The moment of appearance and long-lasting vertigo as well as the results of laboratory examinations indicate a poststeroid permanent disorder of the central part of the equilibrium organ. Such a diagnosis seems to be most probable here.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/376. A method for quantitative assessment of vestibular otopathology.BACKGROUND: Quantitative studies of the vestibular system using serial sections from human temporal bones have been limited because it has been generally difficult to reliably differentiate hair cells from supporting cells and type I from type II hair cells. OBJECTIVES: 1. To develop a new method to overcome the above limitations and permit quantitative assessments of types I and II vestibular hair cells in archival temporal bone sections. 2. To demonstrate that this method is reliable, valid, and repeatable. 3. To describe the advantages of this method compared with other traditional techniques. 4. To discuss the potential of this method to provide new insight into the etiology, pathology, and pathophysiology of vestibular disorders. STUDY DESIGN: Examination of archival human temporal sections prepared for conventional light microscopy. methods: The method used Nomarski (differential interference contrast) microscopy to permit visualization of the cuticular plate and stereociliary bundle, to allow unambiguous identification of hair cells. Types I and II hair cells were distinguished by their morphological characteristics. The method was used to measure the density of types I and II hair cells in each vestibular sense organ. Raw-density counts were corrected for potential double counting using Abercrombie's formula. RESULTS: Intrarater and interrater reliability was strong as judged by high Pearson and Spearman correlation values (P < .01). Abercrombie's formula was shown to be valid by comparison with counts made by an unbiased calibration technique using the optical disector principle (correlation coefficients > 0.9, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: The method described in this report has several advantages when compared with alternative techniques such as surface preparations. The method is applicable to archival bones, permits simultaneous evaluation of the rest of the labyrinth, is relatively inexpensive, and does not preclude other techniques of study (e.g., polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining). Case studies of temporal bones with aminoglycoside ototoxicity and Meniere's disease are used to show how this method has the potential to provide new insight into the pathology and pathophysiology of vestibular disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/376. Haemorrhagic acoustic neuroma with features of a vascular malformation. A case report.A 55-year-old man with hearing loss presented with vertigo and vomiting. CT tomography and MRI demonstrated a cerebellopontine angle mass with foci of haemorrhage. An angiomatous tumour, with large abnormal veins adhering to the capsule, was completely removed. Histologically, the tumour was an acoustic neuroma with abnormal vascularisation and limited intratumoral haemorrhage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/376. Sudden unilateral deafness with endolymphatic sac adenocarcinoma: MRI.A 30-year-old man presented with sudden left deafness and vertigo. CT showed an osteolytic retrolabyrinthine tumour of the left temporal bone. High signal from the tumour and labyrinth was seen on fat-suppressed T 1-weighted images. At surgery, a haemorrhagic papillary-cystic adenocarcinoma of the endolymphatic sac was found.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = ear (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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