1/34. Oral wart associated with human papillomavirus type 2.More than 100 human papillomavirus (HPV) types have been identified to date. Of these, 24 types have been described as being associated with oral lesions. HPV-2 has been frequently associated with skin lesions, but the reports of oral lesions as features of mucosal infection are limited. A biopsy specimen of an oral wart on the right palate was taken from a 48-year-old man and examined for the presence of HPV The sections showed papillary growth of the epithelium with hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, and koilocytotic changes of the cells located in the upper layers of the oral squamous cell epithelium. These histological features corresponded well to those of verruca vulgaris on the skin. Immunohistochemically, papillomavirus genus-specific capsid antigen was detected in most of the koilocytotic cells. In addition, Southern blot hybridization analysis revealed that the lesion harbored HPV-2 dna. in situ hybridization with a biotinylated HPV-2 dna probe clearly demonstrated viral dna in the nuclei of squamous cells, which were located in a deeper layer of the epithelium than viral antigen-positive cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/34. A solitary cutaneous tumor with distinct areas of verruca and seborrheic keratosis-like lesion.A single, exophytic, cutaneous tumor on the thigh of a 52-year-old man was examined by light microscopy, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. It demonstrated distinct areas of verruca and of seborrheic keratosis-like morphology simultaneously. Focally, architectural abnormalities were noted in some deeper parts of the tumor, but there was no morphological evidence of malignancy. The patient has remained disease-free for two and a half years after surgery. Biotinylated full genomicDNA probes of HPV confirmed the presence of types 6/11 exclusively in the verrucous portion of the neoplasm. In the verrucous component p53 protein was overexpressed and, additionally, increased Ki-67 immunopositive signals were detected, being localized below the HPV-dna-expressing spinous cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/34. Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola: treatment with topical retinoic acid.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is a rare dermatosis with unknown etiology, (Perez-Izquierdo JM, Vilata JJ, Sanchez JL, et al. Retinoic acid treatment of nipple hyperkeratosis. Arch Dermatol 1990;126:687-688). Only 40 cases have been reported until 1997 (Alpsoy E, Yilmaz E, Aykol A. Hyperkeratosis of the nipple: report of two cases. J Dermatol 1997;24:43-45). The disease has a benign course and may only be a cosmetic problem. Different modalities have been used in the treatment of NHNA. In our case treatment with topical retinoic acid induced an acceptable response.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/34. epidermodysplasia verruciformis.epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is characterized by the early onset of extensive, persistent verruca plana that may undergo malignant transformation. Immunologic studies of a case of EV confirmed by electron microscopic identification of the virus disclosed no detectable abnormalities. The importance of this uncommon clinical syndrome lies in its demonstration that benign papovavirus, the etiologic agent of warts, can produce malignant neoplasms in genetically susceptible hosts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 818.28861259818keywords = verruciformis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/34. Verruciform xanthoma of the ear with coexisting epidermal dysplasia.We report a case of verruciform xanthoma of the ear in a 79-year-old man. The case is unique in that it contained an area of solar keratosis. in situ hybridization using biotin-labeled probe cocktails for human papillomavirus types 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33/35 yielded negative results.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/34. epidermodysplasia verruciformis and generalized verrucosis: the same disease?We report a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) who had severe generalized verrucous skin lesions for 50 years without any immunological abnormality. Microscopic examination showed two histopathological features, including seborrhoeic keratosis and common warts. The detected human papilloma virus (HPV) types were found to be HPV 3, 50, 5, and 76, using a degenerate PCR method. EV and generalized verrucosis are distinguished by slight differences in clinical symptoms or HPV types, so there should be no apparent differential points common to both diseases. Therefore, we propose that an abnormal susceptibility specific to HPV, which is the most characteristic feature in EV, should be regarded as a differential point in these two diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 818.78861259818keywords = verruciformis, keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/34. Unilateral nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple: a report of two cases.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is an unusual condition. Two female patients aged 31 and 18 years presented with chronic unilateral warty lesions of the nipple. One patient had difficulty in breastfeeding from the affected side. A skin biopsy showed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis and lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis. There was no significant improvement with topical tretinoin cream in both the patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/34. Acral melanoma simulating warts: dermoscopic clues to prevent missing a melanoma.BACKGROUND: Acral melanoma may adopt a variety of clinical characteristics simulating other tumors, ulcers, hemorrhage, or infections. In the Caucasian population health care providers often misdiagnose acral melanoma, and this is the cause of inadequate treatments. Clinical and dermoscopic clues can be easily recognized, which help to prevent missing a melanoma. OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical and dermoscopic findings in three cases of acral melanoma simulating warts that had been treated by dermatologists with curettage and cryotherapy. MATERIAL AND methods: Clinical and dermoscopic study of the tumors and review of the most frequent simulators of acral melanoma reported in the literature. RESULTS: In all three tumors, hyperkeratosis and the lack of specific pigmentation were observed. The parallel ridge pattern, revealed by dermoscopic examination, precipitated the recognition of acral melanoma. CONCLUSION: In these cases that presented atypical characteristics of acral lesions, therefore challenging the diagnostic process, dermoscopic examination helped to confirm an accurate diagnosis of acral melanoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/34. Inverted follicular keratosis and papillomavirus infection.This report describes a case of inverted follicular keratosis in a keratotic nodule found on the thigh of a 58-year-old man. The upper surface of the nodule was papillary, while the lateral aspect was smooth with columnar structures. Histologically, the lesion exhibited primarily exophytic growth, although there was some endophytic growth. There were multiple closely approximated columnar solid tumor nests. Many of these columnar tumor nests had a central funnel-shaped plug of dense parakeratotic keratinous material. The tumor nests were composed of peripheral smaller basaloid cells and central squamoid cells forming squamous eddies. Inflammatory lymphocytic cell infiltration and lytic change were found mainly at the base of the tumor. Several hair follicles transversed the tumor. Ballooning alteration of granular cells and vacuolated keratinocytes, especially within areas of hypergranulosis, were observed in each of the columnar tumor nests. Some cells with ballooning alteration were recognized by papillomavirus common antibody. Ultrastructurally, vacuolated keratinocytes exhibited cytoplasmic vacuoles containing keratohyaline composite granules. Compound structures of membrane-coating granules, which have been associated with outer root sheath keratinization, were noted. The case therefore represents an inverted follicular keratosis manifesting as a distinct hair follicle tumor related to prior infection by papillomavirus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/34. Clinical and immunohistochemical responses of plantar warts to topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone.A 30-year-old man with bilateral plantar warts of the mosaic type which had been resistant to standard treatment modalities was treated with diphenylcyclopropenone. After 10 weeks, the treated warts had disappeared; the untreated warts, although showing some involution, still persisted. The untreated warts, serving as a control to prove the effectiveness of topical immunotherapy, responded likewise to subsequent treatment with diphenylcyclopropenone. Wart regression was reflected histopathologically by decreases in acanthosis, papillomatosis, granular vacuolation, and hyperkeratosis. Immunohistochemically, Ki-67 expression was markedly reduced, and a reversal of the CD4/CD8 ratio was seen. These findings suggest a major role of a cell-mediated immune response in the spontaneous resolution of warts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = keratosis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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