1/31. Marine vibrios associated with superficial septic lesions.Three cases are reported in which a marine vibrio, vibrio alginolyticus, was isolated from superficial septic lesions. All cases had been exposed to sea-water. The possible significane of these findings and the need for further investigations are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/31. Aeromonas wound infection in burns.Infection of burn patients with the Aeromonas organism is an uncommon event. This paper documents four cases of aeromonas hydrophila and one case involving both A. hydrophila and A. caviae occurring in burn patients between 1990 and 1998 at the Royal Brisbane Hospital burns unit. The organism was isolated from either skin swabs, tissue samples, blood cultures or cultured lines. In all patients there was a history of immersion in water immediately post burn. There is one case of invasion and destruction of deeper tissues and one fatality. Appropriate management requires a high index of suspicion if a history of immersion in untreated water post burn is given and the treatment involves aggressive excision and antibiotic therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/31. wound infection due to vibrio vulnificus in spain.vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative rod that can cause septicaemia and skin lesions, usually in patients with underlying illnesses such as chronic liver disease or diabetes mellitus. Infections caused by this bacterium are unusual in spain. A case of skin infection due to vibrio vulnificus is reported in a patient whose abraded skin on his left leg came into contact with seawater. The patient died suddenly, probably due to septicaemia or bacteraemia caused by this organism. vibrio vulnificus infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of septicaemia, skin lesions and wound infections, particularly when a patient reports a history of contact with seawater.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/31. Characterization of a novicida-like subspecies of francisella tularensis isolated in australia.francisella tularensis is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, where it is associated with the disease of tularaemia in animals and humans. The isolation and identification is reported of a novicida-like subspecies of F. tularensis from a foot wound sustained in brackish water in the northern territory of australia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/31. Two cases of severe sepsis due to vibrio vulnificus wound infection acquired in the Baltic Sea.Two severe cases of vibrio vulnificus wound infection with secondary septicemia occurred during 1 week in August 2003 on the German island of Usedom in the southwestern Baltic Sea. In both cases, pre-existing wounds were inoculated by wading in contaminated sea water. One of the patients died from septic multiorgan failure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fatality due to a V. vulnificus infection to have occurred in germany. Microbiological analysis revealed high concentrations of V. vulnificus in sea water along the coastline, following a period when water temperature exceeded 20 degrees C for more than 2 weeks.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/31. Catfish-related injury and infection: report of two cases and review of the literature.Two cases of serious infection following catfish spine-related injuries are presented, and the literature on this topic is reviewed. The organisms usually involved in such infections are Vibrio species, aeromonas hydrophila, enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas species, and components of the flora of the human skin. Irrigation, exploration, and culture of these wounds as well as immunization of the patient against tetanus are recommended. patients with hepatic disease or chronic illness and immunocompromised individuals are at unusually high risk of fulminant infection due to Vibrio and Aeromonas species and should be treated with antibiotics after sustaining a water-associated wound. patients with normal host defense mechanisms but with late wound care, punctures involving a bone or a joint, progressive inflammation hours after envenomation, fever, or signs of sepsis are at high risk for secondary infection and should receive definitive wound care and antibiotics. For moderate to severe infections, one of the following combinations constitutes a reasonable empirical regimen: (1) a tetracycline and a broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase-stable beta-lactam antibiotic, or (2) a tetracycline, a beta-lactamase-stable penicillin, and an aminoglycoside.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/31. Septic arthritis due to aeromonas hydrophila: case report and review of the literature.aeromonas hydrophila is a rare human pathogen, and worldwide, soft tissue infections following water-related injuries are the most common. However, septic arthritis due to A. hydrophila remains uncommon with only seven cases previously reported in the English literature. In this report, we describe the important clinical features, microbiological findings and management of severe septic arthritis of the knee due to A. hydrophila in a healthy 13-year-old girl following an injury sustained in a private fresh water lake. A review of seven previously reported cases of septic arthritis due to A. hydrophila and the present case suggests that the infection commonly affected the knee and the meta-/intercarpal-phalangeal joint and was frequently rapidly progressive following trauma in fresh water and or associated with leukaemia. Second and third generation cephalosporins, gentamicin, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin and appropriate orthopaedic management should be promptly instituted. After chemical treatment and chlorination, fresh water becomes free of coliforms, but A. hydrophila persists more compared with the other strains of aeromonas, namely A. sobria and A. caviae. seawater injuries, unlike freshwater injuries, are not usually associated with aeromonas infections. Further workup on the mechanisms of A. hydrophila resistance to chlorination could probably yield useful information in achieving new procedures of preventing and controlling such infections in public and private fresh water recreational facilities.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/31. Septicaemia secondary to vibrio vulnificus cellulitis.vibrio vulnificus is a naturally occurring, salt-water bacteria found in estuarine and coastal waters worldwide. It prefers low salinity and warm water temperatures for optimum growth. Infection from vibrio vulnificus is uncommon, although it has been reported from many locations (e.g. southern united states of America, israel, republic of korea, japan, taiwan, spain, turkey). It can be serious and life threatening, causing septicaemia and wound infections. This paper reports a case of septicaemia secondary to vibrio vulnificus cellulitis in an elderly woman. The infection was acquired after wading in a coastal lagoon with a pre-existing superficial leg wound.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/31. A case of chromobacterium infection after car accident in Korea.chromobacterium violaceum is a gram negative straight rod, 0.8-1.2 by 2.5 to 6.0 m, which is motile by one polar flagella and one to four lateral flagella. The organism inhabits soil and water and is often found in semitropical and tropical climates. Infections in humans are rare. We report a case of infection caused by strains of C. violaceum. A 38-year-old male patient was admitted to KyungHee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea on July 28th, 2003, after a car accident. The patient had multiple trauma and lacerations. He had an open wound in the left tibial area from which C. violaceum was isolated. The strain was resistant to ampicillin, tobramycin, ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone and cefepime, but was susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and piperacillin/tazobactam. The patient was treated successfully by debridement, cephapirin sodium and astromicine sulfate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/31. Fatal case of myonecrosis and septicaemia caused by aeromonas hydrophila in finland.A 48-y-old female developed cellulitis, myonecrosis and sepsis after a prick wound in her hand while boning freshwater fish. Cultures revealed aeromonas hydrophila, a Gram-negative bacillus. Despite prompt care the patient died 4 d after the incident. Our case shows that the occurrence of severe Aeromonas infections is not limited to tropical and subtropical areas of the world.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = water (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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