1/54. Intraosseous xanthoma without lipid disorders. Case-report and literature review.A case of intraosseous xanthoma in a patient with a normal lipid profile is reported. Hyperlipidemia is present in most patients with xanthomas. Intraosseous xanthomas are rare, particularly in normolipidemic patients, in whom the presenting symptom is pain without skin lesions. A lytic lesion with a rim of sclerosis is seen on radiographs. histology shows foam cells, giant cells, and fibrosis. Intraosseous xanthoma is a benign tumor, and other diagnoses must be ruled out (histiocytosis X, Erdheim Chester disease, clear cell carcinoma metastasis). Surgical excision of the lesion is the elective treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/54. Genetic analysis of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: precancerous lesion of gallbladder cancer?Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gallbladder, a variant of the chronic cholecystitis. As xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is occasionally seen with carcinoma of the gallbladder, the association with cancer is a controversial issue. A focal type of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is found simultaneously with gastric cancer diagnosed preoperatively. The resected specimen was genetically studied. polymerase chain reaction amplification, single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis for mutation of p53 showed no abnormality indicating that less association with cancer in which the mutation of p53 is often seen. Etiopathologic factors of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis might have relation with cancer, but xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis itself may not be the direct cause for cancer.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/54. A giant verruciform xanthoma.BACKGROUND: Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare, benign neoplasm arising predominantly in the oral cavity, but it has been reported to occur on the genital skin and mucosa as well. VX has also been described in association with epidermal nevi and squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the clinical and histologic similarities between VX and condyloma acuminata, and a recent report of HPV 6 in association with VX, we investigated the role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the development of this entity. methods: in situ hybridization and a nested PCR approach utilizing degenerate primers were utilized to establish whether HPV infection could be playing a role in the development of the VX. RESULTS: in situ hybridization failed to identify HPV dna. The highly sensitive nested PCR approach also failed to detect HPV dna. CONCLUSIONS: The failure to detect HPV dna, even by very sensitive methods, provides strong evidence that our case of VX is not an HPV-induced lesion. A review of other possible etiologies, including alternative infectious agents and genetic associations, are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/54. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis resembling carcinoma with extensive tumorous infiltration of the liver and colon.BACKGROUND: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a macrophage-rich inflammatory condition of the gallbladder that occasionally presents with tumorlike appearance. CASE PRESENTATION: In the present case the inflammation involved all the layers of the gallbladder, the surrounding connective tissue, and part of the right lobe of the liver and right transverse colon. The clinical and radiological findings were suggestive of advanced carcinoma of the gallbladder. However, intraoperative frozen section investigation revealed xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, for which simple cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice. CONCLUSIONS: The original cause of the condition is unclear in most cases. In the present case it is possible that rupture of the gallbladder in association with the patient's known history of trauma have initiated the process.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/54. Xanthomatous pseudotumor. An unusual postchemotherapy phenomenon in breast cancer.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become an integral part of the treatment for locally advanced breast cancer. It facilitates tumor resectability and also provides an opportunity for the assessment of therapeutic response and prognosis. We report a case in which a large primary breast carcinoma was significantly reduced in size clinically and replaced by a mass lesion that was composed almost entirely of foamy histiocytes. This peculiar phenomenon is described in detail, together with a brief review of the other known postchemotherapy histologic features that include tumor necrosis, tumor cell cytoplasmic vacuolation and marked nuclear atypia, accompanying chronic inflammatory cellular infiltrate, fibrosis, and ductal-lobular atrophy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/54. A case of simultaneous xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and carcinoma of the gallbladder.Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare inflammatory disease of the gallbladder. Not only does XGC occasionally present as a mass formation with adjacent organ invasion like a malignant neoplasm, it can also infrequently be associated with gallbladder cancer. In the situation, it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis between the diseases. Here, we describe a case of a simultaneous XGC and a carcinoma of the gallbladder in a 61-year-old woman. To the best of our knowledge, there are only a small number of reports on this combination of diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/54. Normolipemic plane xanthoma associated with adenocarcinoma and severe itch.Normolipemic plane xanthomas are yellow-red-colored flat patches or plaques with barely palpable borders, under normolipemic conditions usually involving the eyelids, the lateral sides of the neck, the upper aspect of the trunk, or the flexural folds. Histologically the lesions are characterized by an infiltrate consisting of foamy macrophages in the papillary and middermis with a distinct perivascular localization. Plane xanthoma has been associated with monoclonal gammopathy, cryoglobulinemia, and myeloproliferative disorders. We present a patient in whom plane xanthoma developed on the upper aspect of the back, which was accompanied by severe itch in the affected area. These symptoms started 1 month after resection of an adenocarcinoma of the rectum that was complicated by recurrent abdominal abscesses and, currently, by ongoing inflammatory bowel disease. A hypothetic pathophysiologic scheme of events leading to xanthoma formation in this patient is presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.3068041344905keywords = carcinoma, adenocarcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/54. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking stage IV gallbladder cancer.patients with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis often undergo excessive surgical resections because of difficulty in distinguishing their condition from gallbladder cancer. Herein we present a patient with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis mimicking stage IVA gallbladder cancer who underwent a hepatopancreatoduodenectomy. The 64-year-old man was admitted to the local hospital with a chief complaint of high fever, hypochondrolgia and jaundice. One month later, he transferred to Tsukuba University Hospital with a hard palpable fixed large tumor in the right hypochondrium. Computed tomography and ultrasonography showed a tumor originating from the gallbladder extending to the adjacent liver parenchyma, as well as nodes in the hepatoduodenal ligaments approaching the head of the pancreas. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography failed to exhibit the gallbladder despite the visualization of irregular narrowing of the common hepatic duct. angiography demonstrated encasement of the right hepatic artery and narrowing of the right portal vein. On the other hand, the level of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 was within normal range. Based on those findings, a right hepatic lobectomy with pancreaticoduodenectomy was conducted under the preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer; stage IVA. The gross findings of the surgical specimen showed an ill-defined yellowish hard mass, but microscopic examination demonstrated xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. The presented case shows that xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis can mimic an advanced gallbladder carcinoma when the severe chronic inflammatory changes have extended to the liver hilum down to the head of the pancreas. However, the normal level of tumor markers in all clinical courses might be a reason to consider xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis instead of gallbladder cancer. Even when the correct diagnosis is made, the possibility that the adjacent organs should be resected is not remote.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/54. Recurrent verruciform xanthoma of the vulva.Verruciform xanthoma is a rare, benign, mucocutaneous, nondestructive lesion characterized by proliferation of non-Langerhans lipid-rich histiocytes. We describe the clinical and pathologic findings in a 30-year-old female with recurrent verruciform xanthoma of the vulva 8 years after initial therapy. The differential diagnosis includes seborrheic keratosis, verruca simplex, condyloma acuminatum, granular cell myoblastoma, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, bowenoid papulosis, erythroplasia of Queyrat, and verrucous carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/54. Suprasellar xanthomatous Rathke's cleft cyst.A case of a symptomatic suprasellar Rathke's cleft cyst in a 35-year-old woman is presented. The cyst wall and contents showed large collections of xanthomatous cells. With the exception of a few pituitary hormone-positive cells, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of the lining epithelium in this case of Rathke's cleft cyst were indistinguishable from colloid cysts of the third ventricle with similar secondary changes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.97903658158096keywords = colloid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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