1/68. Verruciform xanthoma and concomitant lichen planus of the oral mucosa. A report of three cases.Verruciform xanthomas are benign muco-cutaneous lesions of unknown aetiology. They have a papillated surface and histologically they are characterised by the presence of foam cells in connective tissue papillae between elongated parakeratinised epithelial rete ridges. Three cases are reported in which oral mucosal verruciform xanthoma and oral mucosal lichen planus occurred concomitantly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = mucosa (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/68. Epidermotropic xanthoma mimicking balloon cell melanoma.Xanthomas of the skin may mimic balloon cell melanoma because 1) both lesions may exhibit a diffuse dermal proliferation of cytologically similar large vacuolated or clear cells with distinct cytoplasmic membranes, 2) dermal maturation (smaller deep dermal nuclei) is absent in both lesions, 3) melanin pigment is usually absent in balloon cell melanoma, 4) cellular atypia may be minimal in balloon cell melanoma, and 5) mitoses may be absent or rare in balloon cell melanoma. We report a unique xanthoma, which further simulated melanoma by exhibiting epidermotropism and a pseudonesting pattern at the dermal-epidermal junction. The correct diagnosis was made with an immunohistochemical panel revealing tumor cell positivity for CD68 and negativity for S-100 protein and MART-1. Immunohistochemical studies may be required in the critical differential diagnosis of epidermotropic xanthoma and amelanotic balloon cell melanoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0023729084619671keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/68. Verruciform xanthoma of the oral mucosa. Report of four cases and a review of the literature.We present four new cases of verruciform xanthoma (VX) in the oral mucosa and review the literature. Clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features of four new cases of VX were analysed together with cases found in a review of the literature. Expression of CD-68 was studied by immunohistochemistry. Only 162 cases were reported in the oral mucosa. Ninety were males (55.5%) and 72 were females (44.5%). Mean age was 44.9 years. The majority of cases occurred in masticatory mucosa (69.7%). Our cases exhibited papillary or verrucous proliferation of squamous epithelium associated with hyperparakeratosis and with numerous foamy cells confined to the lamina propria papillae. Foamy cells were positive to CD-68 antibody, showing a macrophagic nature. VX is a rare benign lesion, and is probably inflammatory. However, its aetiology and pathological mechanisms remain unknown.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3220290796422keywords = mucosa, propria, lamina (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/68. Pseudoxanthomatous and xanthogranulomatous salpingitis of the fallopian tube: a report of four cases and a literature review.The clinical and pathological features of four cases of pseudoxanthomatous salpingitis (PXS) and xanthogranulomatous salpingitis (XGS) are described. The women with PXS underwent salpingectomy for primary sterility (Case 1) and endometriosis (Case 2). The two women with XGS presented with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and an adnexal mass and were initially treated with antibiotics. Shortly thereafter, a left salpingo-oophorectomy (Case 3) and total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (Case 4) were performed. In Cases 1 and 2, histological examination revealed expansion of the tubal plicae with numerous pigmented histiocytes (PXS). In Cases 3 and 4, the tubal mucosa was infiltrated by foamy histiocytes admixed with other inflammatory cells (XGS). A review of the literature revealed that most patients with PXS have a clinical history of long-standing endometriosis, whereas XGS is an unusual manifestation of chronic PID. Although PXS can be confused on histological examination with XGS, the two processes should be distinguished because of their different clinical associations and pathogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = mucosa (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/68. Rectosigmoid (colonic) xanthoma: a report of four cases and review of the literature.AIM: Xanthomas of the colon appear to be rare lesions. Four cases are reported to bring wider attention to this entity. METHOD: Slides, reports and clinical notes from all cases coded as colonic or rectal xanthoma or xanthelasma during the period 1 January 1993 to 1 January 2000 were reviewed. The clinicopathological features are described and integrated into a review of nine previously reported cases. RESULTS: The ages of the patients ranged from 51 to 62 years (2M, 2F). Three lesions were located in the sigmoid colon and one in the rectum. They were all incidental findings at colonoscopy. Grossly, they varied from cream to yellow papules/polyps, ranged in size from 1 to 4mm and were all solitary. Two patients had an associated rectosigmoid hyperplastic polyp. There were no associated cutaneous xanthomatous lesions. One patient was diabetic and the serum lipid levels were normal in all patients. Histologically, all cases consisted of aggregates of mucosal foamy macrophages but in one case there were also macrophages involving the muscularis mucosae. The macrophages were negative for mucin and cytokeratin but were positive for CD68. CONCLUSION: Colonic xanthomas do not appear to be the cause of lower gastrointestinal symptoms and are an incidental colonoscopic finding as well as at times being seen in association with colonic polyps.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = mucosa (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/68. A giant verruciform xanthoma.BACKGROUND: Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare, benign neoplasm arising predominantly in the oral cavity, but it has been reported to occur on the genital skin and mucosa as well. VX has also been described in association with epidermal nevi and squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the clinical and histologic similarities between VX and condyloma acuminata, and a recent report of HPV 6 in association with VX, we investigated the role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the development of this entity. methods: in situ hybridization and a nested PCR approach utilizing degenerate primers were utilized to establish whether HPV infection could be playing a role in the development of the VX. RESULTS: in situ hybridization failed to identify HPV dna. The highly sensitive nested PCR approach also failed to detect HPV dna. CONCLUSIONS: The failure to detect HPV dna, even by very sensitive methods, provides strong evidence that our case of VX is not an HPV-induced lesion. A review of other possible etiologies, including alternative infectious agents and genetic associations, are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = mucosa (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/68. CD30 (Ki-1)-positive large-cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with secondary xanthomatous changes after radiation therapy.A 72-year-old woman with a large mass on her forehead was found to have primary cutaneous CD30-positive large T-cell lymphoma and was treated with radiation therapy. Five weeks after the completion of radiation therapy, a large, yellow plaque developed on the forehead. Histopathologic examination showed numerous xanthoma-like cells with clear and foamy cytoplasm that infiltrated the upper and mid dermis with no residual lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of xanthomatous change after radiation therapy for primary cutaneous CD30-positive large cell lymphoma. We believe that the xanthomatous change after radiation therapy probably was caused by lysis of radiosensitive lymphoma cells and histiocytic scavenging of lipid-membrane debris.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0023729084619671keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/68. Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal intradural xanthomatosis developed in a patient with phytosterolemia.Multiple intradural xanthomatous tumors developed in 48-year-old female with familial phytosterolemia. These tumors were restricted to the spinal denticulate ligaments. Histological and immunohistochemical findings were fundamentally similar to those of tendinous xanthomas. The major cellular component of these tumors were identified as of mono-histiocytic origin because they possessed myeloid histiocytic antigen (Mac 387), CD11c and lysozyme but not CD15. sitosterols, campesterols and cholestanols were recovered from the extract of the tumors and the lesions were confirmed to be phytosterolemic xanthomas. schwann cells stained with anti-S100 protein were confined to the perivascular small nerve bundles and did not show xanthomatous change. Although immunohistochemical preparation of epithelial membrane antigen and desmoplakin I II revealed the presence of non-neoplastic meningothelial cells in the superficial portion of the tumors, they were too few to play a significant role in the development of these xanthomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0023729084619671keywords = membrane (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/68. Verruciform xanthoma of the esophagus.Verruciform xanthoma is a distinctive lesion of oral mucosa and genital skin. It can be solitary or multifocal, as well as sporadic or associated with inflammatory, autoimmune, immunodeficient, metabolic, neoplastic, or congenital diseases. To our knowledge, it has not yet been described in the esophagus. The case of a 61-year-old man suffering from primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the testis is presented. Two years after initial diagnosis, mediastinal adenopathies were disclosed. Fractioned radiotherapy was administered; 3 years later, verruciform xanthoma of middle third of the esophagus was endoscopically resected. Histologically, the lesion showed acanthotic squamous mucosa infiltrated by neutrophils. Papillae were packed with foam cells that were positive for CD68 and vimentin antibodies. Verruciform xanthoma is a condition observed exclusively in squamous epithelia. From our viewpoint, physical agents play a preponderant role in the etiology, although viral agents may occasionally be involved in the development of this enigmatic lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = mucosa (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/68. Xanthelasma or xanthoma of the fallopian tube.We report a case of a 24-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, a tense abdomen, and rebound tenderness. A vague, ill-defined mass was palpated, and an ultrasound examination revealed a cystic lesion in the left adnexal region. At laparotomy, a slightly dilated fallopian tube was seen and excised. light microscopy showed intact fallopian tube mucosa, with a diffuse infiltrate of foam cells in the lamina propria. There were no associated inflammatory cells. The foam cells were positive for CD68 and negative for AE1/AE3. Discontinuous areas of the epithelium also showed epithelial cells with "foamy cytoplasm." These cells were negative for CD68 but positive for AE1/AE3. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of a fallopian tube xanthelasma that shows a resemblance to lesions encountered in the stomach. Fallopian tube xanthelasma must be distinguished from xanthogranulomatous salpingitis, which is associated with an inflammatory cell infiltrate, often including giant cells. However, this lesion may share pathogenetic similarities with xanthogranulomatous salpingitis, since both processes are mediated by inflammation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.32202907964218keywords = mucosa, propria, lamina (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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