1/9. Intracerebral alveolar echinococcosis.There are two species of the genus Echinococcus, echinococcus multilocularis (also called alveolar hydatid) and echinococcus granulosus, characterized by distinct growth features in humans. The main endemic regions for human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by E. multilocularis are Central europe, russia, turkey, japan, china, eastern france and north america. Human echinococcosis is usually caused by an intrahepatic growth of parasitic larvae. Cerebral occurrence of E. multilocularis disease is rare, accounting for only 1% of cases, and is generally considered to be fatal. This report presents two cases of intracerebral E. multilocularis disease which occurred in two infected patients with AE pulmonary metastases. The anatomical and clinical features are discussed. Our retrospective survey would indicate that surgical treatment should be envisaged whenever possible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/9. epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis in southern Cantal, Auvergne region, france.Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a helminth zoonosis which is encountered only in the northern hemisphere. In central france, the Auvergne region represents the most western and southern extension of this helminthiasis. In 1999, a human case of AE was diagnosed in the southern part of the Cantal department, where AE was supposed absent, and an epidemiological survey was subsequently carried out. The transmission of the zoonosis in the sylvatic and peridomestic definitive hosts was studied, as well as that in the rodent and human intermediate hosts. Eleven red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were shot, and 50 fox faecal deposits were collected. Twelve farm dogs had their faeces taken by rectal touch, and four were checked after arecoline purgation. Optical detection of echinococcus multilocularis worms was achieved on fox intestines after scraping, and also on dog stools after arecoline therapy. Coproantigen ELISA assay was performed for the 11 scraping products, for the 50 fox faeces, and for the 12 dog faecal samples. No adult AE agent was observed by microscopy, and the ELISA assay yielded positive results in one of 11 fox intestines, one of 50 fox faeces, and 2 of 12 dog faecal samples. Twenty-five small mammals were trapped, of which 19 were Arvicola terrestris water voles. One rodent liver exhibited a hepatic lesion consistent with AE. An epidemiological questionnaire was completed in 85 human volunteers, who were also serologically tested for AE. Only one (the case's husband) exhibited a Western-blotting pattern indicative of a low-grade AE infection. The results of this preliminary study suggested a slow AE extension to the south of Cantal department from the northern focus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/9. Zoonotic onchocerciasis caused by a parasite from wild boar in Oita, japan. A comprehensive analysis of morphological characteristics of the worms for its diagnosis.Histological examination of a nodule removed from the back of the hand of a 58-year-old woman from Oita, Kyushu, japan showed an Onchocerca female sectioned through the posterior region of the worm (ovaries identifiable) and young (thin cuticle). Six Onchocerca species are enzootic in that area: O. gutturosa and O. lienalis in cattle, O. suzukii in serows (Capricornis crispus), O. skrjabini and an Onchocerca sp. in Cervus nippon nippon, and O. dewittei japonica in wild boar (sus scrofa leucomystax). Diagnostic characters of female Onchocerca species, such as the cuticle and its ridges, change along the body length. tables of the histologic morphology of the mid- and posterior body-regions of the local species are presented. In addition, it was observed that transverse ridges arose and thickened during the adult stage (examination of fourth stage and juvenile females of O. volvulus). The specimen described in this report, with its prominent and widely spaced ridges, was identified as O. d. japonica. Four of the 10 zoonotic cases of onchocerciasis reported worldwide were from Oita, three of them being caused by O. d. japonica, the prevalence of which in local wild boar was 22 of 24 (92%).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.69897116094108keywords = ridge (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/9. An Onchocerca species of wild boar found in the subcutaneous nodule of a resident of Oita, japan.Histological examination and dissection of a subcutaneous nodule removed from the right infraclavicular region of a 69-year-old woman from Oita, Kyushu, japan, revealed a young female of Onchocerca dewittei japonica, a common parasite of wild boar in the Oita region. Distinctive morphologic characteristics of this Onchocerca species include the thick cuticle with very prominent and straight transverse ridges overlapping at the lateral sides, the lack of inner striae (scalloping) of the inner cuticle layer, the dorso-ventral symmetry, and the thick somatic muscles. Jointed with previous reports in the past decade, this case confirms the occasional transmission of the parasite from wild boar to humans in Oita.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23299038698036keywords = ridge (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/9. Molecular identification of tritrichomonas foetus-like organisms as coinfecting agents of human pneumocystis pneumonia.Trichomonads closely related to the bovid parasite tritrichomonas foetus were identified in the bronchoalveolar lavage sample from a patient with AIDS in association with pneumocystis pneumonia. This human case of T. foetus-like infection emphasizes the zoonotic potential of trichomonads, although the existence of a human-host-adapted T. foetus strain cannot be excluded.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/9. A human case of zoonotic onchocerciasis in japan.A 2-year-old girl living in southwestern japan had a nodule of 2 months' duration on the left foot. A biopsy from the lesion showed transverse sections of a worm surrounded by granulomatous tissue. The worm was identified as an Onchocerca sp. from the morphological characteristics such as relatively thick cuticles, annular ridges on the cortical layer, and high somatic muscles. Positive serological tests using ELISA for Onchocerca gutturosa and onchocerca volvulus supported the diagnosis. This was the first case of zoonotic Onchocerca infection detected in japan. The clinicopathological aspects of zoonotic onchocerciasis of this case were discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23299038698036keywords = ridge (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/9. dirofilariasis in kuwait: first report of human infection due to dirofilaria repens in the Arabian Gulf.Zoonotic dirofilariasis has been reported sporadically from many areas of the world but thus far, there are no such reports from the Arabian Peninsula. We present the first report of human dirofilariasis from this region in the middle east and discuss the significance of the finding. A fixed, elongated mass in the abdominal wall of a 50-year-old Kuwaiti man was excised and a worm was identified in an abscess in tissue sections. The location of the nodule in subcutaneous tissue, the diameter of the worm in section, the multilayered cuticle with fine longitudinal ridges on the external layer, prominent internal cuticular ridges, and abundant somatic muscles suggested the diagnosis of the worm as Dirofilaria (Nochetiella) repens, a natural parasite of dogs and cats in asia, africa, and europe.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.46598077396072keywords = ridge (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/9. Second case of zoonotic Onchocerca infection in a resident of Oita in japan.A non-gravid female Onchocerca was found in histopathological sections of a biopsy specimen taken from a painful nodule in the wrist of a 57-year old woman in Oita, in southern japan. Six species of Onchocerca have been found in animals in japan: two in wild bovids, one in equids, and three in domestic bovids of which one, Onchocerca sp., is only known by the microfilaria and infective stage. Distinctive morphological features of the worm, including a three-layered thick cuticle with prominent annular ridges at wide intervals, high somatic muscles and narrow lateral chords, resembled those of O. gutturosa, one of the three bovine Onchocerca species transmitted in the Oita region. However Onchocerca sp., which is also transmitted in this region, cannot be excluded. An ELISA test of the patient serum suggests that infections by Onchocerca spp. might be distinguished from those by dirofilaria immitis, of which the number of human cases is increasing in japan.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.23299038698036keywords = ridge (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/9. Surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment of alveolar echinococcosis in a dog.Surgical removal of macroscopically detectable metacestode tissue followed by postoperative chemotherapy according to established human protocols resulted in complete clinical remission and immediate normalization of hyperglobulinemia in a dog with alveolar echinococcosis (AE). The disease is caused by the metacestode stage of the cestode, echinococcus multilocularis. In endemic areas, AE should be included in the differential diagnosis of polycystic liver masses, especially if concomitant hyperglobulinemia is present. However, the importance of AE is not only the disease of the single dog itself but also the potential risk of infection for humans in an endemic area.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = alveolar (Clic here for more details about this article) |