1/12. Disseminated zygomycosis due to rhizopus schipperae after heatstroke.A 21-year-old woman suffered heatstroke and developed diarrhea while trekking across south texas. The heatstroke was complicated by seizures, rhabdomyolysis, pneumonia, renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The patient's stool and blood cultures grew campylobacter jejuni. The patient subsequently developed paranasal and gastrointestinal zygomycosis and required surgical debridement and a prolonged course of amphotericin b. The zygomycete cultured was rhizopus schipperae. This is only the second isolate of R. schipperae that has been described. R. schipperae is characterized by the production of clusters of up to 10 sporangiophores arising from simple but well-developed rhizoids. These asexual reproductive propagules are produced on Czapek Dox agar but are absent on routine mycology media, where only chlamydospores are observed. Despite multiorgan failure, bacteremia, and disseminated zygomycosis, the patient survived and had a good neurological outcome. Heatstroke has not been previously described as a risk factor for the development of disseminated zygomycosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = paranasal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Entomophthoromycosis of the nose and paranasal sinus.A case of entomophthoromycosis of the nose and paranasal sinus is presented. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient reported with this infection. Though the clinical picture mimicked a malignancy, histopathology clinched the diagnosis of entomophthoromycosis. The lesions resolved completely with oral potassium iodide.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 19.547539874748keywords = paranasal sinus, paranasal, sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. zygomycosis in relapsed acute leukaemia.We would like to report the use of liposomal amphotericin in eradicating mucormycosis in two patients who had relapsed acute leukaemia. The first patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia developed a rapidly expanding solitary necrotic neck lesion associated with opacity of maxilliary sinus at a time when he was profoundly pancytopenic following high dose chemotherapy. The second patient was a 3-year-old boy with pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who developed a central nervous system relapse whilst on his first line treatment and was treated with more aggressive chemotherapy on the Medical research Council Relapse Protocol. During a period of profound pancytopenia following re-induction therapy, including high dose steroids and prolonged course of antibiotics for proven septicaemia, he developed periorbital swelling and proptosis and a clinical diagnosis of rhinocerebral mucormycosis was made. Both patients were treated with high doses of liposomal amphotericin (Ambisome Nexstar). The doses were escalated to 10 and 15 mg/kg/day, resulting in successful eradication of the mucormycosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.024886764867243keywords = sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Rhinophycomycosis.Rhinophycomycosis, a subcutaneous fungal infection, is less uncommon than many other frequently cited granulomatous lesions of the paranasal sinuses. Four illustrative cases are presented with their characteristic clinical, radiological and histopathological features. The initial origin of the swelling was always in the region of the nasal vestibule and ala. The therapeutic response to potassium iodide, ketaconazole and fluconazole was dramatic and sustained.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.9095079749495keywords = paranasal sinus, paranasal, sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. cavernous sinus thrombosis caused by zygomycosis after unrelated bone marrow transplantation.Invasive zygomycosis is a devastating fungal infection occurring as an opportunistic infection after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). sinusitis can lead to fungal infection in immunosuppressed patients, and cavernous sinus thrombosis, an uncommon condition in immunocompetent patients, typically follows an infection involving the medial third of the face, nose, or paranasal sinuses. patients undergoing unrelated-donor BMT (UD-BMT) are prone to develop life-threatening infections because of poor recovery of cellular immunity. Despite adequate clinical evaluation and treatment, the prognosis of patients with invasive fungal infections is dismal, especially when intracerebral structures are affected. We describe a case of a patient who underwent an UD-BMT and developed cavernous sinus thrombosis after sinusitis due to zygomycosis. Moreover, he also had disseminated fungal (Zygomycetes and aspergillus) and viral (cytomegalovirus and adenovirus) infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.0837153290202keywords = paranasal sinus, paranasal, sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Improved outcome of zygomycosis in patients with hematological diseases?zygomycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that is increasingly reported in hematological patients. We describe 2 cases of successfully treated rhino-cerebral zygomycosis and give an overview of 120 patients from the literature with underlying hematological or oncological disorders. These data document the improved survival in sinus (15/17 patients surviving) and cutaneous (6/9 patients surviving) disease. Hematological patients with pulmonary (9/30 patients surviving) or disseminated (4/38 patients surviving) zygomycosis still have a poor prognosis. The clinical course of sinus-orbital involvement (4/11 patients surviving) follows sinus-cerebral (2/3 patients surviving) or cerebral (3/6 patients surviving) disease. Besides deoxycholate amphotericin b (AmB) (24/62 patients surviving), patients seem to benefit from liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) (10/16 patients surviving) or sequential AmB/L-AmB treatment (6/8 patients surviving). Alternative treatment options lead only in a few patients to success.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.074660294601729keywords = sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. zygomycosis due to conidiobolus coronatus in west Bengal.zygomycosis of upper respiratory tract, caused by conidiobolus coronatus, in eight Bengalee males and one female is described. The clinical syndrome of the cases included initial coryza, epistaxis, intranasal tumor, nasal obstruction, broadening of bridge of nose with swelling of paranasal sinuses, dorsum of nose, alae nasi, cheek and glabella in all or majority of the cases. In addition upper lip or both lips and pharynx were involved in some cases. Swellings were fixed to the skin in seven cases and to the deeper tissues in five cases. The fungus was demonstrated by direct microscopy in the nasal mucosa, and was isolated in culture. The isolates produced conidia, replicative conidia and villose conidia but not multiplicative conidia. The disease was cured with KI and/or ketoconazole/fluconazole. The cases described here constitute the first report on zygomycosis due to C. coronatus from North-eastern india.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.9095079749495keywords = paranasal sinus, paranasal, sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Zygomycoses in patients with acute leukaemia.Zygomycoses are rare invasive mould infections which mainly occur in immunocompromised patients, especially during prolonged neutropenia. The high mortality rate is due to a high failure rate of both intravital diagnosis and treatment. Exact diagnosis requires microscopic examination and proof by culture. The treatment consists of amphotericin b and surgical debridement. We report four recent cases of zygomycosis among 89 patients with intensively treated acute leukaemia at our institution. Three cases were breakthrough infections since the patients were under voriconazole treatment prior to diagnosis of zygomycosis. Only one patient had premortal diagnosis (paranasal sinus infection) and showed clinical response with amphotericin b and surgical debridement. A review of the literature of these emerging fungal infections is given and is focused on patients with acute leukaemia. In addition, the importance of autopsy as a tool for quality control and epidemiological studies is pointed out.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.9095079749495keywords = paranasal sinus, paranasal, sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. Cavernous sinus anatomy as a basis for interpretation of the clinical picture and radiological investigations in a case of entomophthorales infection.Several cranial nerves traverse the cavernous sinus producing the typical symptom complex seen during cavernous venous sinus thrombosis in mucorales infection. fungi of the order entomophthorales display different pathological and histological characteristics although belonging to the same class of fungi. A case is presented, wherein the anatomy of the cavernous sinus forms the basis in explaining the presenting symptoms of a patient with entomophthorales infection. The anatomical explanation for the presenting neurological symptoms is confirmed by radiological investigations and further supports the diagnosis of entomophthorales infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.1742073540707keywords = sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Rhinoentomophthoromycosis.A sixty year old patient presented with a slowly progressive swelling of the nose, of one year duration, suggesting a clinical diagnosis of subcutaneous zygomycosis. On investigation, the tissue fungal culture grew conidiobolus coronatus, confirming the diagnosis as rhinoentomophthoromycosis. He was treated with a combination of oral fluconazole and oral potassium iodide for a total period of 5 months. His symptoms subsided completely. Serial CT scanning of paranasal sinuses showed the gradual resolution of the swelling, in response to the treatment. Early detection of the disease and combination therapy gave rapid and good results. This is the first case of its kind to be reported from Kerala, the southern state of india.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.9095079749495keywords = paranasal sinus, paranasal, sinus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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