11/16. chlamydial pneumonia of infancy: further clinical observations. Two patients with chlamydial pneumonia of infancy are described. One recovered spontaneously without any specific antichlamydial treatment. The other, prior to a belated antimicrobial therapy, developed a persistent and protracted respiratory illness characterized by wheezing. Our observations suggest that: (1) untreated chlamydial pneumonia of infancy may spontaneously resolve, or may become a persistent and protracted disease, and (2) wheezing may be a very prominent manifestation of the disease and should be differentiated from wheezing due to bronchiolitis and bronchial asthma. ( info) |
| Non-specific urethritis (NSU) is a sexually transmitted disease; 50% of cases are due to chlamydia trachomatis, so that this is the commonest sexually transmitted infection in the developed world. Chlamydial infection is now readily diagnosable and the evidence increasingly suggests that it is underdiagnosed. Chlamydial conjunctivitis (in the newborn baby or the adult) in the developed world is a complication of sexually transmitted genital infection by C trachomatis and it indicates a large reservoir of such infections. Because of the association of sexually transmitted diseases, systemic treatment for such chlamydial conjunctivitis should not be given until full genital and serological investigators have been carried out. Chlamydial infection causes serious complications (that were formerly often thought to be gonococcal), such as epididymitis in young men and salpingitis on young women. It may cause local complications in the eye of the newborn baby and even pneumonia in babies and fatal endocarditis in adults. The diagnosis of NSU should lead to the correct treatment of the male patient and of his sexual partners. It is the promiscuous woman, who does not have a regular sexual partner to report back to her that he has NSU, who is at particular risk of undiagnosed chlamydial infection. Routine genital investigations for chlamydia are particularly indicated in her case. Following the parallel of gonorrhoea, it seems that the use of contact tracers may be an effective method for controlling chlamydial infection. ( info) |
13/16. Inclusion blennorrhea: a case report. The case described here represents the first laboratory-confirmed case of inclusion blennorrhea at the Mayo Clinic since laboratory isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis was instituted in 1974. Treatment with a sulfonamide preparation proved effective. Further aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of inclusion blennorrhea are discussed. ( info) |
14/16. Diagnosing inclusion conjunctivitis. BACKGROUND: Diagnosing adult inclusion and neonatal conjunctivitis can be challenging. They are sexually transmitted diseases that can easily be managed without any serious ocular or systemic sequelae if recognized and treated early on. methods: A proper differential diagnosis and careful examination is essential in the management of chlamydial conjunctivitis. RESULTS: Two case reports of patients with laboratory-confirmed inclusion conjunctivitis will be presented. CONCLUSIONS: A careful history and ophthalmic evaluation, along with laboratory studies, which revealed inclusion bodies, confirmed the diagnosis of adult inclusion conjunctivitis. Therefore, proper treatment and management of each case occurred. ( info) |
15/16. Severe persistent inclusion conjunctivitis in a young child. A 14-month-old girl had inclusion conjunctivitis although there had been no signs or symptoms that required medical attention in her first year. By 2 1/2 years of age, the child had extensive pannus and corneal scarring that severely reduced vision. The infection was caused by a genital strain of chlamydia trachomatis, TRIC type E, that was probably acquired at birth. Although genitally transmitted chlamydial strains normally cause a self-limiting inclusion conjunctivitis in areas where trachoma is not endemic, this case illustrates that they may occasionally cause severe trachoma. Possibly local idoxuridine (IDU) treatment (administered to this patient before the correct diagnosis was made) contributed to the severity of this infection. ( info) |
16/16. Episcleral traumatic conjunctival inclusion cyst. A hugh episcleral traumatic conjunctival inclusion cyst enveloping almost the whole eye, which appeared in the left phthisical eye of a young woman who sustained a perforating ocular injury a few years before enucleation, is described. ( info) |