Cases reported "mediastinal diseases"

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1/479. Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis in multifocal fibrosclerosis.

    A case of rare combination of retroperitoneal fibrosis and Riedel's thyroiditis is presented. The term multifocal fibrosclerosis is used in the literature to denote such combination and others which include idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, mediastinal fibrosis, sclerosing cholangitis, invasive (Riedel's) thyroiditis and pseudotumor of the orbit. ( info)

2/479. Surgical treatment of tracheomediastinal fistula from recurrent Hodgkin's lymphoma.

    The role of surgery in the management of Hodgkin's disease is usually diagnostic because chemotherapy and radiation are often curative. We report here the surgical treatment of a tracheomediastinal fistula from recurrent Hodgkin's lymphoma. ( info)

3/479. Positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis presenting with hemoptysis and a mediastinal mass.

    A patient with end-stage renal failure, due to IgA nephropathy, was found to have a mediastinal mass. biopsy specimen of the mass showed a necrotizing vasculitis. Antineutrophil antibodies to myeloperoxidase were strongly positive. To our knowledge, no case of a mediastinal mass due vasculitis has been reported in the literature, and our observation should lead to broadening of the spectrum of clinical manifestations of vasculitis. ( info)

4/479. Idiopathic azygos vein aneurysm: a rare cause of mediastinal mass.

    Venous aneurysm of the azygos arch is a very rare cause of mediastinal mass and is usually an incidental finding on chest radiography. Nowadays the diagnosis is made by non-invasive tests such as thoracic CT scanning and/or magnetic resonance imaging. The case is described of an asymptomatic woman in whom a mediastinal mass due to an azygos vein aneurysm was diagnosed by non-invasive procedures, the aetiology of which, in all probability, was idiopathic. ( info)

5/479. Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst manifesting as a catastrophic myocardial infarction.

    Congenital bronchogenic cysts of the lung and mediastinum develop from the ventral foregut during embryogenesis. These cysts are often incidental radiologic findings in adults, but patients can be seen with symptoms of chest pain, cough, dyspnea, or any combination of these. Acute presentations are unusual and have rarely been reported. We present the unique case of a 36-year-old man seen with an acute coronary syndrome and sudden hemodynamic collapse. The patient sustained a massive and ultimately fatal myocardial infarction, compression of the left main coronary artery by a bronchogenic cyst was demonstrated at postmortem examination. If detected, bronchogenic cysts should be surgically excised to limit associated morbidity and mortality. ( info)

6/479. Hyaline vascular Castleman's disease of the mediastinum.

    Castleman's disease is rare and can be present in many sites and with a variety of symptoms. Surgery is always recommended for localized lesions to remove the mass as completely as possible, reserving other treatment modalities for unresectable cases. ( info)

7/479. Acute traumatic dissection and blunt rupture of the thoracic descending aorta: A case report.

    Rupture of the thoracic aorta following blunt trauma is increasing in incidence and remains a highly lethal injury. Blunt traumatic rupture and acute dissection of the thoracic aorta is very rare. A 50-year-old man involved in a motor vehicle accident on March 3, 1998 was admitted to our hospital one and a half hours following the accident. On admission, he was alert and his hemodynamics were stable. Chest roentgenogram demonstrated a widened mediastinum and multiple left-sided rib fractures. Enhanced chest CT revealed a periaortic hematoma just distal to the isthmus, dissection of the descending thoracic aorta and mediastinal hematoma. With the diagnosis of thoracic aortic rupture and acute DeBakey type IIIB dissection, an emergency operation was performed. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram showed a mobile intimal flap and diminished caliber of the proximal descending aorta. Disruption and dissection of the descending thoracic aorta were found. Prosthetic graft interposition was accomplished with the aid of left atrium-left femoral artery bypass using a centrifugal pump and heparin-coated circuits and a blood collection device for blood conservation. The weak dissected aortic wall was glued and reapproximated with Gelatine-Resorcine-Formol glue. The postoperative course was uneventful. ( info)

8/479. life-threatening airway obstruction caused by a retropharyngeal haematoma.

    We present the case of a 68-year-old woman who had a large cervicomediastinal haematoma that caused life-threatening airway obstruction. Retropharyngeal haematoma may occur in any age group and following a variety of causes. Retropharyngeal haematomas must be considered as a cause of airway obstruction following common injuries such as blunt cervical trauma or internal jugular vein cannulation. A high index of suspicion and early lateral neck X-ray is essential for safe management of this rare but potentially life-threatening injury. ( info)

9/479. Pulmonary venous aneurysm presenting as a mediastinal mass in ischemic cardiomyopathy.

    True aneurysm of the pulmonary vein is a rare lesion and may present as a mediastinal mass. Acquired aneurysm of the right superior pulmonary vein presenting as a middle mediastinal mass in a patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy associated with severe mitral regurgitation and dilated left atrium is described. Though the natural history of this lesion is uncertain, it may progressively enlarge and become symptomatic. Presence of this lesion in this patient with cardiomyopathy may require a modification of surgical technique at cardiac transplantation or surgical resection of an aneurysm without cardiopulmonary bypass. ( info)

10/479. Streptococcus milleri infection and pericardial abscess associated with esophageal carcinoma: report of two cases.

    We report 2 cases of esophageal carcinoma with esophago-mediastinal fistula that developed pericardial abscess due to streptococcus intermedius infection. streptococcus intermedius, a generally harmless commensals in healthy humans, is not usually associated with infections of the oral cavity but may account for non-oral purulent infections. This report, however, highlights that streptococcus intermedius infection can be life-threatening for some patients such as those with esophageal carcinoma with fistula. ( info)
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