11/283. Post-traumatic recto-spinal fistula. Acquired recto-spinal fistula has been described elsewhere as a rare complication of colorectal malignancy and Crohn's enterocolitis. We treated a young man who developed a recto-spinal fistula as a result of a high fall injury. The patient presented with meningeal signs, sepsis and perianal laceration. Computerized axial tomography revealed air in the supersellar cistern. Gastrografin enema showed that contrast material was leaking from the rectum into the spinal canal. Surgical management included a diverting sigmoid colostomy, sacral bone curettage and wide presacral drainage. To the best of our knowledge, rectospinal fistula of traumatic origin has not been previously reported in the English literature. ( info) |
12/283. A case of rectoprostatic fistula due to prostatic abscess visualized by barium enema. We report a rare case of rectoprostatic fistula due to spontaneous rupture of a prostatic abscess in a patient with diabetes mellitus. barium enema clearly showed rectoprostatic fistula. barium enema and colonoscopy were very useful in demonstrating the rectoprostatic fistula. ( info) |
13/283. adenocarcinoma arising from a recurrent fistula-in-ano. Anal fistulas are frequent events which often recur after an inadequate surgical treatment. Nevertheless their evolution into malignant diseases is infrequently observed. The authors report one case of mucinous adenocarcinoma arising out of a recurrent, long-lasting fistula-in-ano. As reported, abdomino-perineal resection combined with radiotherapy can be the choice treatment. The difficulty is to obtain a reliable differential diagnosis. No imaging technique nor histologic examination can establish a definitive reliable diagnosis; nevertheless, as the risk of adenocarcinoma developing from a long-lasting recurrent fistula-in-ano, although small, is real, authors believe that operative exploration and biopsy of recurrent abscesses and fistulas should be recommended. ( info) |
14/283. Unusual 'recurrence' sites for colorectal cancer. Five patients are reported. Four underwent major 'curative' restorative colorectal resections and developed perineal 'recurrence', 2 developed 'recurrence' in the distal ends of previously identified fistulae in ano and 2 developed 'recurrence' at the site of a previously performed haemorrhoidectomy. The fifth patient developed metastasis to a fistula track prior to surgical intervention. The danger of implantation of exfoliated tumour cells in patients with distally situated 'raw' mucosal sites is recognized and anorectal procedures should not be performed prior to resection. Minor anorectal procedures should not be performed at the same time as colorectal resections for carcinoma in these patients either. Some 'recurrences', such as those described in this paper, may be inevitable and in fact really represent preoperative metastases. Routine flexible sigmoidoscopy prior to the performance of any anorectal procedure might identify patients at risk of such 'recurrences' but this may not be cost-effective. ( info) |
15/283. Mucinous adenocarcinoma in chronic anorectal fistula. adenocarcinoma in association with chronic anal fistula is a rare disease which gives rise to difficult problems of diagnosis and treatment. A case of mucinous adenocarcinoma arising on a long standing fistula in ano is described. A patient with a long history of mucinous discharge, pain and perianal induration underwent a biopsy of the external opening of the fistula that showed mucinous infiltrating adenocarcinoma. After a colonoscopy and a preoperative abdominal CT scan, she underwent a successful abdominoperineal resection with adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Diagnosis of this condition is often difficult; deep and multiple biopsies of the fistulous tracks or perianal mass are necessary to establish the diagnosis. An accurate staging of the neoplasm, using endorectal ultrasound, NMR or CT scans is needed to plan the appropriate treatment. Recent studies have shown that locally advanced anal adenocarcinomas could benefit from pre or postoperative chemoradiation therapy. However, an accurate and complete removal of the tumor, which usually entails abdominoperineal resection, is often necessary to achieve radicality. Despite new therapy protocols, the prognosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma is still poor, mostly due to its advanced nature at the time of diagnosis. This reinforces the importance of biopsy of all perianal abscesses and fistulas for early detection and treatment. ( info) |
16/283. Ureterorectal fistula: a rare cause of recurrent bacteriuria. The differential diagnosis of recurrent bacteriuria includes a host of conditions very familiar to urologists. Ureterorectal fistula represents an unusual clinical entity that can cause recurrent bacteriuria. We present a patient who ultimately proved to have such a fistula. We review the available literature and comment on the significance of this condition. ( info) |
17/283. Gracilis transposition in complicated perianal fistula and unhealed perineal wounds in Crohn's disease. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of transposition of gracilis muscle in the treatment of chronic recurrent fistulas and unhealed perineal wounds after proctectomy in patients with Crohn's disease. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Academic clinic, united states. SUBJECTS: 7 patients with Crohn's disease: 3 had unhealed perineal wounds and persistent sinuses; 2 had had several attempts to repair rectovaginal fistulas; 1 had a rectourethral fistula; and 1 a pouch vaginal fistula. INTERVENTION: Transposition of the gracilis muscle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Healing. RESULTS: Mean follow up was 18 months (range 3-30). All patients operated on for unhealed perineal wounds had healed completely within 3-6 months. The patients with a rectovaginal fistula and a rectourethral fistula had both healed by 1 month postoperatively. Two fistulas recurred, and the small pouch-vaginal fistula remained but was asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Transposition of the gracilis is a viable option for the treatment of persistent sinus and unhealed perineal wound after proctectomy for Crohn's disease. It could also be an option before proctectomy for patients with other types of Crohn's-related or complicated fistulas for whom other treatments have failed. A larger series will be required before a definite conclusion can be drawn. ( info) |
18/283. Cloacal outlet obstruction with an ectopic ureter. Cloacal malformation occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 live female births. Prenatal ultrasound may lead to the diagnosis in selected cases. We report an unusual case of prenatally detected single-system hydronephrosis with a nonvisible bladder and worsening oligohydramnios. Labor was induced at 35 weeks' estimated gestational age. On physical examination, a single perineal opening was noted consistent with cloaca. endoscopy revealed an obstructed ectopic ureter at the level of the sphincter, an undeveloped bladder and vagina, and a fistula to the rectum. A low loop cutaneous ureterostomy and right upper quadrant loop colostomy were performed. The absence of a typical fluid-filled pelvic structure may confound the prenatal diagnosis of cloaca. ( info) |
19/283. A case of cancerous familial adenomatous polyposis in urinary bladder due to migration of colonic mucosa through rectovesical fistula. The patient was a 50-yr-old man who had undergone low anterior resection for rectal cancer at the age of 24 yr in 1966. At that time, gastric and colonic polyposis were indicated. Postoperative anastomotic dehiscence occurred and, by 1985, a rectovesical fistula had formed. In 1986, when the patient was 44 yr old, he was examined at our hospital for constriction of the rectum due to the rectovesical fistula. Abdominoperineal excision of rectum and surgical closure of the fistula were performed, and the patient was kept under observation because of a diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis. In 1988, when the patient was 46 yr old, early ascending colon cancer was discovered and total colectomy was performed. Then, in December, 1991, gross hematuria was found. Further examination revealed a tumor on the posterior wall of the urinary bladder lumen, and biopsy showed adenocarcinoma. Pelvic recurrence of the rectal cancer was diagnosed, and total pelvic exenteration was performed. There were no distant metastases; histologically, the tumor of the bladder was thought to be due to colonic mucosa of familial adenomatous polyposis that had migrated to the bladder lumen via the rectovesical fistula and had become cancerous. ( info) |
20/283. Imperforate anus in Feingold syndrome. A father and daughter had the characteristic findings of Feingold syndrome including microcephaly, short palpebral fissures, brachydactyly with clinodactyly of fifth fingers, and bilateral syndactyly of second to third and fourth to fifth toes. The infant presented with long-gap esophageal atresia without fistula (type A). Her father, who had short stature and learning disabilities, had congenital imperforate anus with a recto-vesical fistula. This is the first report of distal intestinal atresia in Feingold syndrome. ( info) |