What is the connection between malignant neoplasms and crabs?

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The more common term for malignant neoplasms, cancer, is Latin for crab, and the word "carcinogen," meaning a cancer-causing agent, comes from the Greek word for crab, "karkinos." What is the connection between these two seemingly unrelated things?
Cancer, both the disease and the astronomical constellation, derive from the Latin cancer or cancrum, meaning crab. The astrological sign, of course, is said to resemble a crab and the disease was so named by the ancient Greek physician Galen (129-200 A.D.) who noted the similarity between a certain type of tumor with a crab as well—the swollen veins around the tumor resembling the legs of a crab.

Old English adopted cancer directly from Latin and used it for a variety of spreading sores and ulcers. This early sense survives in the modern word canker. From c.1000 in a manuscript called Læce Boc (Leech Book), collected in Oswald Cockayne’s Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England, Vol. II, 1865:

Gemeng wið þam dustum, clæm on ðone cancer.
(Mix with the dust, smear on the cancer.)

And from Wyclif’s 2 Timothy, 1382:

The word of hem crepith as a kankir

The word was being applied specifically to the disease we today call cancer by the beginning of the 17th century. From Philemon Holland’s translation of Pliny’s Historie of the World:

Cancer is a swelling or sore comming of melancholy bloud, about which the veins appeare of a blacke or swert colour, spread in manner of a Creifish clees.

The astronomical sense of cancer is from the Latin name for the constellation of the crab. The name was known to the Anglo-Saxons, but only as a Latin name and was not assimilated into English until the Middle English period. It appears in Ælfric’s De Temporibus Anni, written c.993, in a list of the constellations of the Zodiac:

Feorða • Cancer • þæt is Crabba
(Fourth, Cancer, that is the crab.)

The Anglicized name appears c.1391 in Chaucer’s Treatise on the Astrolabe:

In this heved of cancer is the grettist declinacioun northward of the sonne...this signe of cancre is clepid the tropik of Somer.
(At this first point (head) of cancer is the greatest declination northward of the sun…this sign of cancer is named the tropic of summer.)

(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition)  (+ info)

How much does a femoral hernia repair cost?

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I need a femoral hernia repair, but I dont have health insurance. How much would it cost to have it fixed?
10k
can go to a free clinic and ask about what you need to do...  (+ info)

The Femoral Artery is a vital part of the human body. Does anyone know what percentage survives this injury?

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I am curious because in both cases where I have seen a Femoral Artery injury, the people died. I would like someone with a medical background answer this question because those who just want to bump their stats on here aren't very knowledgeable to me. Cite where you are getting your information from please!
Hi, I am in Nursing school and we just finished our cardiac study. When studying about cardiac caths which are done through the femoral artery, we are told if it starts to hemorrhage to apply pressure and that the patient can bleed out in as little as six minutes.
Hope this helps!!  (+ info)

How do I regain flexibility in my hip joints after surgery for slip capital femoral epiphysis?

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I am 26 yrs old and I have a pin each hip do to slip capital femoral epiphysis. My hip joints are so stiff I can barely open my legs. What can I do to regain flexibility in my joints. Someone please help I don't know what to do.
First you must CONVICT yourself to a daily regimine of "life saving" nutrients and supplements...the more the merrier.
Second you must have water therapy....water leaves us weightless to a degree that allows easier movement without pain. You will be able to stretch a little more and more as you go. If you don't have easy access to a swimming pool....get one. OR MOVE. You must DO THIS to recover. Then, with these two basics in STRONG place, you must know exactly WHAT movements can "harm" your corrective surgery and what DON'T and DOOOOOOOOO all that you can. No sitting still. There are also rehabilitive guides to HOW to bend and such without using the parts of your body that "wear out" easily.....GET THEM. This is a must. INACTIVITY for any length of time can and usually WILL lead to other physical problems.
Change your life and committ yourself to HAVING A LONG ONE the right way.
Blessings in your quest........
Bunny7  (+ info)

Can an injury to the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve due to surgery heal?

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I recently had piriformis and sciatic nerve surgery. My surgeon seems to have either injured or severed the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve during the procedure. The back of my thigh has been numb with a burning feeling inside the leg since the surgery over two months ago. What are the chances that this will heal?
It's if severed I don't believe so,,,but then again,,they have been doing hand transplants  (+ info)

Can patella femoral syndrome be caused by jumping on your feet without bending your knees?

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I used to dance, but my first teacher made us jump alot without bending our knees, when I got a new teacher, she said that that was bad teaching. Could this be one of the causes to my patella femoral syndrome? I know the other causes such as quadricep muscles, biomechanical relations...

Thanks.
  (+ info)

How common is a double femoral hernia?

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I have a femoral Hernia and I feel the same pain on the other side.
Actually not very - I have only seen it once in my 9 year career  (+ info)

What the heck is an "irregular suprapatellar plica at its femoral attachment" ?

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On my knee MRI results, the only result that I can't figure out is "irregular suprapatellar plica at its femoral attachment".
What is this?
See this website http://www.kneeguru.co.uk/KNEEnotes/suprapatellar-plica

Basically it's a little piece of membrane that can fold and interfere with how your knee works. My guess is the dr. will scope your knee and remove the plica. Pretty simple surgery and recover.  (+ info)

How common is it for the femoral artery to be punctured during a heart cath and then need surgery to repair?

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I recently had a heart cath and my femoral artery was punctured during the process.  My BP lowered and they eventually could not get a BP or a pulse.  I was rushed into surgery and the artery was repaired.  How common is this?  I was told by the cardiologist it happens about 1 in 100 caths.  The thoracic surgeon claims it is less common.  Does anyone know?
I am a cardiac nurse and I know of it happening once when I worked in CCU. I worked there for 1 yr. It also happened to my husbands grandmother. It is more like 1 in 1000. I currently work in a cardiologist office and get consents signed very often. It is a known risk and unless your cardiologist was blatantly negligent there isn't much you can do.  (+ info)

How do you get rid of Patello-femoral arthralgia and what are some warm ups to do before working out to help?

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I have Patello-femoral arthralgia and I workout alot and want to keep working out but got it from working out...but what exercises or things can i do to keep the pain down and from hurting my knees even more..can this be cured..ive had this for a while now over a year..:[
I have it too and I was told there is no sure way to treat it. My physiotherapist said that when working out do low impact exercises such as cycling and swimming. Try not to run as it will just make it worse. I usually run no more than 20 minutes (on a treadmill) and it is ok. Running on soft grass you could probably go longer.
Just try to avoid high impact stuff.

Hope that helps.  (+ info)

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