What is the biochemistry of Hemophilia?

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I'm working on a research essay about Hemophilia. I'd been searching through the websites and found about five sources, but i still need help. My first area that i need help in is that i can't interpret the meaning of the above question in a simpler wordings. Please help explain to me what the above question is about, and please give me some helpful websites or hints that can help me further my research.
I think the question is asking for you to understand the blood clotting cascade and how it does not work properly in hemophilia. When there is tissue damage, enzymes get activated. Those enzymes (commonly known as factors) cleave other enzymes, and those enzymes cleave other enzymes. A cascade starts, sort of like a domino-effect and eventually they work together to make a blood clot. Think of it this way, if one domino is missing, it is harder to make the next one fall and to continue the cascade to make the best clot possible. Wikipedia has an excellent site on the cascade at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation
their picture is also very helpful
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Coagulation_full.svg

When you get hemophilia, you have trouble completing the cascade b/c oftentimes you are missing a factor. Hemophilia A is when you are missing factor VIII, and hemophilia B is when you are missing factor IX. As a result, when bleeding starts, it is harder to clot it, and you have more bleeding.

Hope that helps!  (+ info)

What is the difference between hemophila A and hemophilia B?

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Also what life-threatening problem did hemophiliacs encounter in the 1980's when HIV was introduced into the country?
Well in short the difference between hemophilia A and B is:

Hemophilia A also know as Factor 8 means that the person who has hemophilia is lacking the normal amount of working Factor 8.

Hemophilia B means that the person with hemophilia B lacks the normal amount of working Factor 9.

Both Factor 8 and 9 are key to a persons blood clotting. Also Factor 8 is much more common type of hemophilia.

What life-threatening problem did hemophiliacs encounter in the 1980's when HIV was introduced into the country?

Well that question somewhat answers itself. During the early 1980s most thought that HIV was a simple put a "Gay Problem" thus HIV early name of "Gay Cancer". The problem was that it was also could be transmitted by blood. At this time there was no testing for HIV in the blood supply. Many people with hemophilia got HIV this way. As did many other people who did not have hemophilia. However from a social point those with hemophilia were among the hardest if not hardest hit.


I hope this answers your questions. If not feel free to contact me. Quick history below in the link under sources.  (+ info)

What is the equipment used to treat Hemophilia?

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I need help with homework on this.
Mild Hemophilia is sometimes treated with a drug called desmopressin (DDAVP).
Much of the control of hemophilia relies on treatments aimed at controlling bleeds with Factor VIII or Factor IX, either once they have occurred, or prophylactically (prevention), by administration of Factor VIII in daily doses.  (+ info)

I am a woman and I carry Hemophilia. What are my options for having kids w/o Hemophilia?

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I do NOT believe in abortion or anything like that, but I would like to have my own children some day. What are the options. I won't do anything unethical.
The sons of a carrier have a 50% chance of having hemophilia: each daughter has a 50% chance of being a carrier. For more information about being a hemophilia carrier and having kids, check out this article. Hope this helps!
http://www.hemophilia.org/projectredflag/source/CareerIssues.pdf  (+ info)

If a Hemophilia carrier gives birth to two sons, what is the probability that both boys will have the disease?

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What approach to probability are you using to answer this question?
Hemophilia A occurs in 1 in 10,000 people. Hemophilia B occurs in 1 in 40,000
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/hemophilia/article_em.htm


If the mother carries the gene for hemophilia on one of her X chromosomes, each of her sons will have a 50% chance of having hemophilia.
http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/hemophilia.html  (+ info)

What kind of mutation causes hemophilia A? - point, insertion, deletion, inversion, or translocation?

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What kind of mutation causes hemophilia A? - point, insertion, deletion, inversion, or translocation?
In a review, Antonarakis et al. (1995) collected the findings of more than 1,000 hemophilia subjects examined for factor VIII gene mutations. These include point mutations, inversions, deletions, and unidentified mutations.

Data on more than 2,000 samples suggested that the common inversion mutations are found in 42% of all severe hemophilia A subjects.


These sentences are under "Genotype" of the link I provided as my source. Theres a lot more info. provided but I would go with point and/or inversion.  (+ info)

Can people with Von Willebrand disease or hemophilia get tattoos?

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Can people with Von Willebrand disease get tattoos? The who wants it has type 2A; or will she bleed too much?
Yes. Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common of all the rare inherited bleeding disorders. It is more common and usually milder than hemophilia..

Von Willebrand's disease is a bleeding disorder in which a blood clotting protein(von Willebrand factor and Factor VIII) in your body's blood system is missing or does not work well.

In type 2 VWD,( usually mild) the von Willebrand factor doesn't work the way it should. Type 2 is divided into subtypes: 2A, 2B, 2M, and 2N. Different gene mutations (changes) cause each type, and each is treated differently. So it's important to know the exact type of VWD that you have.

Like hemophilia, vWD is a genetic disorder that is passed from parent to child. The child of a man or a woman with vWD has a 50% chance of getting the gene. In types 1 and 2, a child inherits the gene for the disease from one parent. In type 3, the child usually inherits the gene from both parents. In those cases, the child will likely have severe symptoms,even if the parents don't have any symptoms at all. VWD affects both males and females, while hemophilia mainly affects males

When a person with hemophilia is injured, he does not bleed harder or faster than a person without hemophilia, he bleeds longer. Small cuts or surface bruises are usually not a problem, but more traumatic injuries may result in serious problems and potential disability (called "bleeding episodes").

I don't see any reason why you can not get a tattoo. If you have hemophilia, you may bleed for a longer time than others after an injury.
Tattoos are surface bruises or small cuts. They are not very deep.to cause exessive bleeding

In general, small cuts and scrapes are treated with regular first-aid: clean the cut, then apply pressure and a band-aid. Individuals with mild hemophilia can use a non-blood product called desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) to treat small bleeds.

You just have to be extra careful to avoid bleeding excessively. as non-stop bleeding can lead to death. You should inform the tattooist so he can apply pressure after he designs with his needle and to proceed very slowly.  (+ info)

are women with hemophilia in danger of bleeding to death when they have their period?

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are women with hemophilia in danger of bleeding to death when they have their period?
Actually:
Although girls rarely develop the symptoms of hemophilia itself, they can be carriers of the disease. For a girl to get hemophilia, she would have to receive the disease on the chromosome she receives from her father, who would have hemophilia, as well as from the X chromosome of her mother, who would be a carrier. Although this is not impossible, it is highly unlikely.  (+ info)

Is it true that people with hemophilia are immune from heart attacks?

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Since they're platelets don't stick, aren't thill immune from cholesterol narrowing and thus protected from heart attack?
Thats a damn good question. The answer seems to be that they aren't immune, but they have a much lower risk - 80% lower.

"Patients with hemophilia have a strongly reduced risk of myocardial infarction [heart attack] (80% reduction)"

Female carriers of hemophilia have a 25% reduction in risk.

EDIT: The above data is from an article in a scientific journal; it gives 2 studies and mortality data to support the above figures. Check the link below.  (+ info)

Does Von-Willebrands disorder fall under the category of Hemophilia?

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I am trying to apply for scholarships and a lot of scholarship finders ask if you have any diseases...hemophilia is one of them. I have Von-Willebrands disorder. It is a bleeding disordor. Since it is a bleeding disorder would it still count as hemophilia?
  (+ info)

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