Is my son is suffer from Mycosis fungoides?The biopsy test always true?
my son is 7 yrs old. He have white patches all over his body..except his leg/feet (more than 4 yrs). The patches are flat and without any itchiness/irritation. The doctor did a skin biopsy and confirmed that it is mycosis fungoides. how certain is the skin biopsy test?
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Hiiiii.....what is the specific matter that may create the initial suspicion about mycosis fungoides??
I mean that when the patient presents with patch or plaque (wide range of DDX. of benign lesions) what should guide me to investigate or expect malignant lesion????
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Well a biopsy of lesions should probably be performed.
Mycosis fungoides is a rare form of T-cell lymphoma of the skin (cutaneous); the disease is typically slowly progressive and chronic. In individuals with mycosis fungoides, the skin becomes infiltrated with plaques and nodules that are composed of lymphocytes. In advanced cases, ulcerated tumors and infiltration of lymph nodes by diseased cells may occur. The disorder may spread to other parts of the body including the gastrointestinal system, liver, spleen, or brain.
Going by the pictures on this site, better to be safe than sorry in this case. (
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anyone in south africa with mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome?
DESCRIPTION
Note: This summary was previously titled Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma. It has been renamed because it focuses on only 2 types of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas:
mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome.
What is mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome?
Mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome is a disease in which certain cells of the lymph system (called T-lymphocytes) become cancer (malignant) and affect the skin. Lymphocytes are infection-fighting white blood cells that are made in the bone marrow and by other organs of the lymph system. T-cells are special lymphocytes that help the body's immune system kill bacteria and other harmful things in the body.
The lymph system is part of the immune system and is made up of thin tubes that branch, like blood vessels, into all parts of the body, including the skin. Lymph vessels carry lymph, a colorless, watery fluid that contains lymphocytes. Along the network of vessels are groups of small, bean-shaped organs called lymph nodes. Clusters of lymph nodes are found in the underarm, pelvis, neck, and abdomen. The spleen (an organ in the upper abdomen that makes lymphocytes and filters old blood cells from the blood), the thymus (a small organ beneath the breastbone), and the tonsils (an organ in the throat) are also part of the lymph system.
There are several types of lymphoma. The most common types of lymphoma are called Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. These types of lymphoma usually start in the lymph nodes and the spleen. (Refer to the PDQ summaries on Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Treatment; Childhood Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Treatment; Adult Hodgkin's Disease Treatment; and Childhood Hodgkin's Disease Treatment for more information.)
Mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome usually develops slowly over many years. In the early stages, the skin may itch, and dry, dark patches may develop on the skin. As the disease gets worse, tumors may form on the skin, a condition called mycosis fungoides. As more and more of the skin becomes involved, the skin may become infected. The disease can spread to lymph nodes or to other organs in the body, such as the spleen, lungs, or liver. When large numbers of the tumor cells are found in the blood, the condition is called the Sezary syndrome.
If there are symptoms of cutaneous lymphoma, a doctor may remove a growth from the skin and look at it under a microscope. This is called a biopsy.
The chance of recovery (prognosis) and choice of treatment depend on the stage of the cancer (whether it is just in the skin or has spread to other places in the body) and the patient's general state of health.
There are several other types of cancer that start in the skin. The most common are basal cell cancer and squamous cell cancer (refer to the PDQ summary on Skin Cancer Treatment for more information). Another type of skin cancer called melanoma (refer to the PDQ summary on Melanoma Treatment for more information). Kaposi's sarcoma, a rare type of cancer that occurs most commonly in patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), also affects the skin (refer to the PDQ summary on Kaposi's Sarcoma Treatment for more information). Cancers that start in other parts of the body may also spread (metastasize) to the skin.
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STAGE EXPLANATION
Stages of mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome
Once mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome is found, more tests will be done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body. This is called staging. A doctor needs to know the stage of the disease to plan treatment. The following stages are used for mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome:
Stage I
The cancer only affects parts of the skin, which has red, dry, scaly patches, but no tumors. The lymph nodes are not larger than normal.
Stage II
Either of the following may be true:
The skin has red, dry, scaly patches, but no tumors. Lymph nodes are larger than normal, but do not contain cancer cells.
There are tumors on the skin. The lymph nodes are either normal or are larger than normal, but do not contain cancer cells.
Stage III
Nearly all of the skin is red, dry, and scaly. The lymph nodes are either normal or are larger than normal, but do not contain cancer cells.
Stage IV
The skin is involved, in addition to either of the following:
Cancer cells are found in the lymph nodes.
Cancer has spread to other organs, such as the liver or lung.
Recurrent
Recurrent disease means that the cancer has come back after it has been treated. It may come back where it started or in another part of the body.
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TREATMENT OPTIONS OVERVIEW
How mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome are treated
There are treatments for all patients with mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome. Three kinds of treatment are commonly used:
radiation therapy (using high-energy rays to kill cancer cells)
chemotherapy (using drugs to kill cancer cells)
phototherapy (using light plus special drugs to make the cancer cells more sensitive to the light)
Biological therapy (using the body's immune system to fight cancer) is being tested in clinical trials.
Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. In cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, special rays of tiny particles called electrons are commonly used to treat all of the skin. This is called total skin electron beam radiation therapy, or TSEB radiation therapy. Electron beam radiation may also be given to smaller areas of the skin. This kind of radiation only goes into the outer layers of the skin. Another type of radiation uses x-rays to kill cancer cells. The x-rays are usually directed to only certain areas of the body, but there are studies using x-rays directed at the whole body (total body irradiation).
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be taken by pill, or it may be put into the body by a needle in a vein or muscle. Chemotherapy given in this way is called a systemic treatment because the drug enters the bloodstream, travels through the body, and can kill cancer cells throughout the body. In cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, chemotherapy drugs may be given in a cream or lotion put on the skin. This is called topical chemotherapy.
Phototherapy uses light to kill cancer cells. A drug that makes cancer cells sensitive to light is given to the patient and then a special light is used to shine on the cancer cells to kill them. In one type of phototherapy, called PUVA therapy, a patient will receive a drug called psoralen, and then ultraviolet A light will be shone on the skin. In another type of phototherapy, called extracorporeal photochemotherapy, the patient will be given drugs, and then some of the blood cells will be taken from the body, put under a special light, and put back into the body. If phototherapy is given, directions from the doctor should be followed as to the amount of sunlight the patient should receive.
Biological therapy tries to get the body to fight cancer. It uses materials made by the body or made in a laboratory to boost, direct, or restore the body's natural defenses against disease. Biological therapy is sometimes called biological response modifier (BRM) therapy or immunotherapy.
Bone marrow transplantation is used to replace the bone marrow with healthy bone marrow. First, all of the bone marrow in the body is destroyed with high doses of chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy. Healthy marrow is then taken from another person (a donor) whose tissue is the same as or almost the same as the patient's. The donor may be a twin (the best match), a brother or sister, or another person not related. The healthy marrow from the donor is given to the patient through a needle in the vein, and the marrow replaces the marrow that was destroyed. A bone marrow transplant using marrow from a relative or unrelated person is called an allogeneic bone marrow transplant.
Another type of bone marrow transplant, called autologous bone marrow transplant, is being studied in clinical trials. To do this type of transplant, bone marrow is taken from the patient and treated with drugs to kill any cancer cells. The marrow is then frozen to save it. Next, the patient is given high-dose chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy to destroy all of the remaining marrow. The frozen marrow that was saved is then thawed and given back to the patient through a needle in a vein to replace the marrow that was destroyed.
Another type of autologous transplant is called a peripheral blood stem cell transplant. The patient's blood is passed through a machine that removes the stem cells (immature cells from which all blood cells develop), then returns the blood back to the patient. This procedure is called leukapheresis and usually takes 3 or 4 hours to complete. The stem cells are treated with drugs to kill any cancer cells and then frozen until they are transplanted back to the patient. This procedure may be done alone or with an autologous bone marrow transplant.
A greater chance for recovery occurs if the doctor chooses a hospital which does more than 5 bone marrow transplantations per year.
Treatment by stage
Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma depends on the stage of the disease, and the patient's age and overall health.
Standard treatment may be considered because of its effectiveness in patients in past studies, or participation in a clinical trial may be considered. Most patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are not cured with standard therapy and some standard treatments may have more side effects than are desired. For these reasons, clinical trials are designed to find better ways to treat cancer patients and are based on the most up-to-date information. Clinical trials are ongoing in many parts of the country for most stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. To learn more about clinical trials, call the Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237); TTY at 1-800-332-8615.
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STAGE I MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES/SEZARY SYNDROME
Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Phototherapy (PUVA therapy) with or without biological therapy.
2. Total skin electron beam radiation therapy (TSEB radiation therapy).
3. Topical chemotherapy.
4. Local electron beam or x-ray therapy to reduce the size of the tumor or to relieve symptoms.
5. Interferon alfa (biological therapy) alone or in combination with topical therapy.
6. Retinoids.
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STAGE II MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES/SEZARY SYNDROME
Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Phototherapy (PUVA therapy) with or without biological therapy.
2. Total skin electron beam radiation therapy (TSEB radiation therapy).
3. Topical chemotherapy.
4. Local electron beam or x-ray therapy.
5. Interferon alfa (biological therapy) alone or in combination with topical therapy.
6. Retinoids.
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STAGE III MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES/SEZARY SYNDROME
Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Phototherapy (PUVA therapy) with or without biological therapy.
2. Total skin electron beam radiation therapy (TSEB radiation therapy).
3. Local electron beam or x-ray therapy.
4. Chemotherapy for mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome.
5. Interferon alfa (biological therapy) alone or in combination with topical therapy.
6. Biological therapy.
7. Systemic chemotherapy with or without therapy to the skin.
8. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy.
9. Topical chemotherapy.
10. Retinoids.
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STAGE IV MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES/SEZARY SYNDROME
Treatment may be one of the following:
1. Phototherapy (PUVA therapy) with or without biological therapy.
2. Total skin electron beam radiation therapy (TSEB radiation therapy).
3. Local electron beam or x-ray therapy.
4. Chemotherapy for mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome.
5. Interferon alfa (biological therapy) alone or in combination with topical therapy.
6. Biological therapy.
7. Systemic chemotherapy with or without therapy to the skin.
8. Topical chemotherapy.
9. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy.
10. Monoclonal antibody therapy.
11. Retinoids.
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RECURRENT MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES/SEZARY SYNDROME
Treatment depends on many factors, including the type of treatment the patient received before. Depending on the patient's condition, treatment may be one of the following:
1. Local electron beam or x-ray therapy.
2. Total skin electron beam radiation therapy (TSEB radiation therapy).
3. Phototherapy (PUVA therapy).
4. Topical chemotherapy.
5. Systemic chemotherapy.
6. Extracorporeal photochemotherapy.
7. Clinical trials of biological therapy.
8. Clinical trials of bone marrow transplantation.
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Call
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Listings of clinical trials are included in PDQ and are available at Http: //cancer.gov/search/clinical_trials. Descriptions of the trials are available in health professional and patient versions. Many cancer doctors who take part in clinical trials are also listed in PDQ. For more information, call the Cancer Information Service 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237); TTY at 1-800-332-8615. (
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what is mycosis fungoides?
It is a non-Hodgkins T cell lymphoma involving the skin. See Wiki. (
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i have mycosis fungoides skin cancer can this be cured?
If mycosis fungoides is in the early stage, treatments such as steroid creams, chemotherapy applied to the skin, or electron beam radiation may be used. The goal is to put the cancer in remission, which often lasts a long time.
If an individual's disease does not respond to the skin treatments, or the disease has progressed to the tumor stage, systemic treatments such as recombinant alfa interferon or chemotherapy may be used. There is no cure for mycosis fungoides, so how long a person survives with the disease depends on how far it has spread by the time it is diagnosed and treatment begins. (
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Mycosis fungoides involves malignant:?
A. Erythrocytes
B. Leukocytes
C. Thromobocytes
D. Neutrophils
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I agree with Robb.
"B" is the best answer of the choices you are given.
It is not a well worded question.
The answer should be "lymphocytes" - specifically "T cells."
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204529-overview (
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My wife got some kind of a "vaginal mycosis" . Did she cheat on me?
She said that she got it because of using some antibiotic (?!) Is she making this up? Can such a thing be true?
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It's a yeast infection. Antibiotics reduce the natural yeast population that maintain the PH balance for a woman. She will recover in a few days.
Now, she didn't contract the yeast infection FROM anyone, it's not contagious, but I don't think this is the only reason you suspect she cheated on you, why don't you talk to her? (
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my father in law died of a rare skin cancer the closest spelling is r(k)uneodi mycosis?
i was informed this cancer grows from inside to out
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Do you mean mycosis fungoides?
"Mycosis fungoides and the Sézary syndrome are diseases in which lymphocytes
(a type of white blood cell) become malignant (cancerous) and affect the skin." http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/mycosisfungoides/Patient
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204529-overview (
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my friend has cancer, can you answer a question i have?
He is a 17 year old Caucasian Male. He has Mycosis fungoides which is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It was not caught until it had advanced into a more serious stage. He was in remission for a while, but its back and i was wondering if he had a good chance of being just fine?
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From http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204529-followup
"Prognosis
Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome are incurable conditions in most patients, with the exception of those with stage IA disease. Mortality and prognosis are related to the stage at diagnosis
Patients diagnosed with stage IA disease (patch or plaque skin disease limited to <10% of the skin surface area) who undergo treatment, have an overall life expectancy similar to the age-, sex-, and race-matched controls.
Patients who have stage IIB disease with cutaneous tumors have a median survival rate of 3.2 years, and those who have stage III disease (generalized erythroderma) have a median survival rate of 4-6 years.
Patients with extracutaneous disease stage IVA (lymph nodes) or stage IVB (viscera) have a survival rate of less than 1.5 years. (
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How high is a basophils of 2.0?
My husband was just dx w/ mycosis fungoides tumor stage. Ct w/o contrast Shoshone 4 or more lesions around the seminical vescicle and pelvic floor and slightly enlarged lymph nodes in the groin does this sound like the cancer has spread?
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