What is the connection between malignant neoplasms and crabs?

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The more common term for malignant neoplasms, cancer, is Latin for crab, and the word "carcinogen," meaning a cancer-causing agent, comes from the Greek word for crab, "karkinos." What is the connection between these two seemingly unrelated things?
Cancer, both the disease and the astronomical constellation, derive from the Latin cancer or cancrum, meaning crab. The astrological sign, of course, is said to resemble a crab and the disease was so named by the ancient Greek physician Galen (129-200 A.D.) who noted the similarity between a certain type of tumor with a crab as well—the swollen veins around the tumor resembling the legs of a crab.

Old English adopted cancer directly from Latin and used it for a variety of spreading sores and ulcers. This early sense survives in the modern word canker. From c.1000 in a manuscript called Læce Boc (Leech Book), collected in Oswald Cockayne’s Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England, Vol. II, 1865:

Gemeng wið þam dustum, clæm on ðone cancer.
(Mix with the dust, smear on the cancer.)

And from Wyclif’s 2 Timothy, 1382:

The word of hem crepith as a kankir

The word was being applied specifically to the disease we today call cancer by the beginning of the 17th century. From Philemon Holland’s translation of Pliny’s Historie of the World:

Cancer is a swelling or sore comming of melancholy bloud, about which the veins appeare of a blacke or swert colour, spread in manner of a Creifish clees.

The astronomical sense of cancer is from the Latin name for the constellation of the crab. The name was known to the Anglo-Saxons, but only as a Latin name and was not assimilated into English until the Middle English period. It appears in Ælfric’s De Temporibus Anni, written c.993, in a list of the constellations of the Zodiac:

Feorða • Cancer • þæt is Crabba
(Fourth, Cancer, that is the crab.)

The Anglicized name appears c.1391 in Chaucer’s Treatise on the Astrolabe:

In this heved of cancer is the grettist declinacioun northward of the sonne...this signe of cancre is clepid the tropik of Somer.
(At this first point (head) of cancer is the greatest declination northward of the sun…this sign of cancer is named the tropic of summer.)

(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition)  (+ info)

what is the difference between benign prostatic hyperplasia and benign prostatic hypertrophy?

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guys i need your help with this.. i'm so confused. can this both lead to prostatic cancer? i need the answer for my case study.. help me pls.
Just wikipedia both of them, you'd be surprised at what you can learn from that site.

Good luck with your study.  (+ info)

What is the basis of differing actions of antineoplastic agents on different tissue/neoplasms?

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What is the basis for differing tissue- and neoplasm-specificites of antieoplastic chemotherapeutic agents? This doubt arose because considering what the pharmacokinetics of these drugs are it remains to be answered as to why a certain agent would act only in a particular tissue or neoplasm when the mechanisms they employ are so similar, e.g., various alkylating agents in spite having same action act of different tumors with differing degrees of effectiveness. Hope someone answers the question specifically. Useful links to free-text articles would also be highly appreciated. Bye. TC.
If you have thoughts on this subject, you ought to have the initiative to research it yourself.  (+ info)

What causes semen or prostatic discharge in the stool?

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To be more specific I'm not sure if its semean or mucuss but it smells like semen to me; wondering why this is happening?
I was thinking anal sex- unless you wound up with a fistula going from your prostate gland or vas deferns connecting to your colon- that would be odd- or you have just had a lot of mucus producing food or allergies and it showed up in your stool- you may want to see an md - esp if you have prostate trouble- D  (+ info)

What is the difference between prostatic adenoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia?

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Prostatic adenoma is cancer, plain and simple. Benign hyperplasia is simply enlargement of the prostate gland. The latter occurs to most men, if they live long enough. It becomes an issue only if it enlarges to the point that urination becomes difficult.  (+ info)

Can you use Saw Palmetto for horses with similar symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

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There is a horse at my barn who urinates up to 12 times before noon, and we have noticed that his case resembles prostate issues. Saw Palmetto was recommended by a doctor for prostate, so why not for a horse?
What is recommended for humans may not be recommended for animals. You need to talk to a vet to get the answers you need.  (+ info)

What can you recommend for my benign prostatic hyperplasia besides drugs?

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I have been diagnosed of having BPH. I have this condition for about ten years now. I take saw palmetto and pygeum africanum. They seem to be working because my urination, while of low "caliber", has not gone worse. But I still experience "dribbling" at the end of my urination. Can you recommend other effective supplements?
Good thing I saw your question, your symptoms call for the Homeopathic remedy CONIUM MAC in 1M potency take it once a week for atleast 3 weeks(3 Doses) and please keep me posted about your progress. It would be lots better if you can post your complete details and symptoms which you are feeling. But as far as I see it just CONIUM MAC will cure you 100% without any side effects or complications. To read about the said remedy please click the link and read carefully :- http://homeoint.org/books/boericmm/c/con-m.htm

Take Care and God Bless !  (+ info)

Prostatic Cancer is also caused by excesive masturbation?

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Hi with, well I have heard a rumor that this is true, a friend masturbates atleast once a day and he said this is crap, but seems like something really interesting. So this is true or just another doctor lie?
This is from the prostate cancer foundation website :-

Sexual Activity
High levels of sexual activity or frequent ejaculation have been rumored to increase prostate cancer risk. This is untrue. In fact, studies show that men who reported more frequent ejaculations had a lower risk of developing prostate cancer.  (+ info)

Is there another treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) besides Doxazosin and Flomax?

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I suffer with an enlarged prostate and the two medicines that I take now (Flomax and Doxazosin) causes my tongue to swell. Is there another medication I can take that doesn't cause my tongue to swell. Help me please!
There are multiple medications out there for this and the fact that you are having tongue swelling IS an allergic reaction and the medications should be stopped immediately. Uroxatral and terazosin are alternatives.
Your doctor may decide to go another way and try something like Avodart or Proscar (generic is finasteride) to actually help shrink the size of the prostate. These take longer to get the full effect - say six months or more - but our practice uses them with relatively good results.  (+ info)

Why nocturia occurs in case of benign prostatic hypertrophy?

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I want to know why micturition frequency is increased during night rather than during day time.
As d prostate is get enlarged it wil compreses d prostatic part of urethra if its large it may build presssure in bladder also...
during sleep CNS had least control over pudendal nrv n d patnt get iretared n frequency of micturation is increased....  (+ info)

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