FAQ - Thrombosis
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Theoratically it is possible to cure Cortical Venous Thrombosis but probems are encuontered?


In diagnosis and treatment what are the pitfalls
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It would not let me answer your other question for some reason right now, so I will try to here.
Central venous thrombosis (CVT) is a condition in which a blood clot forms in the veins/sinuses that drain the brain. These veins are separated into the superficial and deep venous systems and drain into special veins called sinuses. It is helpful to distinguish superficial vs. deep, because CVT in the deep vessels has a worse prognosis., Cortical veins are part of the superficial venous system. Cortical vein thrombosis without sinus involvement is rarely diagnosed, although it may commonly be overlooked, because it is difficult to diagnose, both clinically and radiologically. CVT accounts for 1-2% of strokes. Symptoms include: headache (Most common symptom), disturbances of consciousness and cognitive dysfunction, focal neurologic deficits (Stroke like symptoms, eg. Paralysis of one side of the body, speech difficulty, visual field defects), and seizures. There are at least two different mechanisms that may contribute to the clinical features of CVT. Thrombosis of cerebral veins or dural sinus can lead to damage of normal brain tissue with resulting dysfunction. The clot increases the pressure in the venous system and can lead to surrounding brain swelling (edema) and also bleeding into the brain tissue (intracranial hemorrhage.) There can also be impairment in emptying the CSF fluid that is the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. This can lead to a buildup in CSF fluid (hydrocephalus) and increased pressure around the brain (increased intracranial pressure.) These events do not occur in all patients with CVT, but are possible.
Several conditions can increase the risk of having a CVT. It is recommended that all adults with CVT be evaluated for these risk factors. The risk factors include: Hypercoagable states in which there is an increased risk of forming blood clots. There are certain blood tests a doctor can check to evaluate for these condtions. Other risk factors include, oral contraceptive use, pregnancy, cancer, infection and head injury
Diagnosis is made with MR venography or CT venography. If the clinical suspicion is high and the CT or MRI was normal, then cerebral venous angiogram may be performed in which the doctors enter the venous system and shoot IV dye to evaluate for clot. Cortical vein thrombosis is more difficult to diagnose than thrombosis of the other sinuses. There is a sign on imaging called the "cord sign" that is specific to cortical vein thrombosis, but it may not always be present.
The treatment of CVT is with medications that thin the blood to help dissolve the clot and prevent future clots from occurring. It is also important to treat the underlying cause if possible to prevent future clot formation. The medications used to thin the blood include heparin and Coumadin (Warfarin). Heparin is used initially can be given through an IV (unfractionated heparin) continuously or there are formulations called low molecular weight heparin that can be given by subcutaneous injection once or twice daily. Unfractionated heparin through the IV requires frequent lab monitoring (aPTT), so low molecular weight heparin is usually preferred. . After the patient has been on heparin, then oral Coumadin will be started. Coumadin thins the blood in a different way and the therapeutic effects can be monitored with a blood test called the PT/INR. Goal INR is 2-3 in most cases of CVT. Heparin can be discontinued once the INR is in the therapeutic range. The length of Coumadin therapy is debated, but it is dependent on the cause and the reversibility of risk factors for future clot. Generally, Coumadin therapy is recommended for 6-12 months, for most patients. Thrombolytics (clot busting medication) can also be used in some cases, but has not been extensively researched. It is reserved for patients with deteriorating clinical status on Heparin/Coumadin. The decision to use thrombolytics is based on the risk benefit ratio.
In regards to prognosis, CVT can result in death or permanent disability, but usually has a favorable prognosis. Since cortical vein thrombosis is a rare type of CVT the prognosis has been less studied, but is believed to be more favorable than CVTs in general. A study known as the International Study on Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT) evaluated 624 patients (age >15 years) with CVT found that 27 patients (4.3 percent) died during the acute phase, and 21 (3.4 percent) died within 30 days from symptom onset. At 16 months follow up, 57% of patients had a complete recovery and only 2.2% had severe functional impairment. Factors associated with a worse prognosis, included depressed level of consciousness (coma), altered mental status, thrombosis in the deep venous system, right hemisphere hemorrhage, and lesions located towards the back of the brain (posterior fossa lesions.) There was a meta-analysis performed to evaluate long term outcomes by reviewing the results of several studies. They found that CVT was associated with a 15% overall death or dependency rate at follow up. They observed that the risk of death was related to underlying conditions. The predictors of poor long-term outcomes observed were infection in the central nervous system (encephalitis, meningitis), any cancer, thrombosis in the deep vein system, hemorrhage into the brain tissue, coma, abnormal mental status, age > 37, and male gender. So, overall prognosis is good if it is treated early with appropriate medications. You should discuss this with your doctor who would know the full details of the case, evaluation and treatment. I am not sure if you have this condition or someone you know. I hope I helped answer your question. Sorry if it is too technical. If you have any questions, let me know. Feel free to email me if you do. Good luck.  (+ info)

Has anyone ever heard of someone surviving deep-vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism?


Every time I hear about these two, it is because someone passed away suddenly. A newspaper reporter in Chicago was the second person I have heard of that died suddenly from a combination of the two of these. It appears from the description of it (Web MD) that the best way to prevent it is to stay physically active (which is not surprising).
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Pulmonary embolism is a well-known cause of sudden death. People usually survive DVT and survive pulmonary embolism more frequently than you might imagine, as long as the emboli are small. Prevention is the best treatment. Prompt recognition and treatment of the condition when it happens is obviously very important.

One well-known person who survived pulmonary embolism was President Nixon, who had a type of screen placed in his inferior vena cava to trap embloi and to prevent further emboli from getting to his lungs. His procedure was done at Memorial Hospital Medical Center of Long Beach, California, in 1975.  (+ info)

What are some similarities and differences between embolism and thrombosis?


An embolism is the blockage of a blood vessel by a blood clot, a piece of tissue, an air bubble, or a foreign object. Thrombosis is formation of blood clots in veins, often deep inside the legs. The clot may then break off as an embolism and travel to the lungs where it may cause respiratory distress and, possibly, failure.

I add a link for each

http://www.answers.
com/topic/embolism


http://www.thefreedictionary.
com/thrombosis

Hope this helps
matador 89  (+ info)

do you feel pain when you die of coronary thrombosis?


my mother died of this unexpectedly and no one was around to witness it. i want to know if she felt pain and/or knew what was going on when she died?
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A heart attack (coronary thrombosis or clot) they say feels like an elephant standing on your chest. With heart failure (ie enlarged heart or CHF) you get arrhymia and black out and don't wake up.  (+ info)

How does plaque build-up in the heart prodcue a thrombosis, cardiac ischemia, and a heart attack?


The plaque impedes local blood flow in a coronary artery or one of its branches, leading to clot formation. The developing clot further impedes blood flow which reduces oxygen perfusion of heart muscle tissue (ischemia), and when the clot enlarges to completely obstruct the artery lumen, blood supply to the affected area of heart muscle tissue ceases, and the affected muscle tissue dies (myocardial infarction), which constitutes a heart attack.  (+ info)

What is the study of thrombosis called?


I figured it would be thromobology, but apparently that is not a word.
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Hematology, maybe.  (+ info)

Can cortical venous thrombosis be cured without any residual neurological deficit?


Isolated cortical venous thrombosis is rare, it usully follows or followed by other conditions also. in yahoo answers it is very tough to answer your question. post complete details to get proper answer.
any ways in common if a major venous system is blocked by a thrombosis for longer duration, haemorrhage occurs, which may lead to neurological deficit, but in your case it is not the situation. so i feel the patient may not have residual effects.  (+ info)

Is there anyone out there who suffers or has suffered with sagital sinus venous thrombosis?


I have been diagnosed with a blood clot in my brain and just wanted to know if there is anyone out there who has this or has had it. I was looking at getting it touch with someone as I am struggling to come to terms with it and deal with it as I was diagnosed with it a week after having my baby
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I'm guessing that having a blood clot in the brain is potentially fatal... right?

Well even if it isn't, you should definantely seek help.
Go see your doc, they can sort out all the support networking you need, and give you some good advice.

Or if your not the type to talk with strangers then talk it over with close friends.

Keep smiling and good luck!


=)  (+ info)

im 22 years old i have a Deep Vein Thrombosis i drank a red bull yesterday is that bad?


I'm taking a pill of warfarin aka coumadin of 3g's is there any side efects from takin coumadin and drinking red bull?
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red bull is fine.  (+ info)

What is best to help ease pain from deep vein thrombosis, cold or hot compresses?


looking for ways to to take away some of the discomfort from the throbbing in my calf area
I`ve been to the doctor and am giving myself lovenox injections and taking a warfarin tablet along with tylenol for pain but it`s not quite enough to ease the discomfort so I was just wondering about compresses, hot or cold, I`m thinking warm and moist but not sure
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Keep an eye on this and if the pain or tingling continues it may be the beginning of DVT.

This is very painful and pain pills do not help. I have had it for over 2 years and the doctor was slow to diagnose it until I was in critical shape.

Mine started with a sudden onset of calf pain and leg swelling. The pain was worse when the leg was hanging down. There was warmth to the area because the veins were inflamed.

I am on coumidin (warfarin) as a blood thinner. Usually when they say 6 months, they mean for the rest of your life. The blood thinner does not resolve the current clot problem, but supposedly keeps new clots from forming.

Deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, is caused by a blood clot in a muscle and can be life-threatening. Symptoms include swelling, pain, and tenderness in the legs. Risk factors include immobility, hormone therapy, and pregnancy.

DVTs can occur anywhere in the body but are most frequently found in the deep veins of the legs, thighs, and pelvis. They may infrequently arise from the upper extremities usually because of trauma, or from an indwelling catheter (tubing) or device.

A deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition wherein a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a vein of the deep system.

Thrombophlebitis is a condition in which there is both inflammation and a blood clot in a vein. Thrombophlebitis can occur in either superficial or deep veins. Superficial thrombophlebitis occurs in veins close to the skin surface, and usually causes pain, swelling, and redness in the area of the vein. Superficial thrombophlebitis usually is treated with heat, elevation of the affected leg or arm, and anti–inflammatory medications. A thrombosis in a deep vein is a much more serious problem than one in a superficial vein. The reason for this is that a piece of the clot in deep vein from a DVT can break off and travel through the deep veins back to the heart, and eventually be pumped by the heart into the arteries of the lung. When this happens, the condition is called pulmonary embolism (PE). The blood clot is called an embolus (plural emboli), and the process of breaking off and traveling to the lungs is called embolism.

Narcotics didn’t help my pain. I now take Tizanidine 4mg 5/day and Lyrica Cv 100 mg 3/day. This helps the nerve pain and I can walk some now. I am feeling much better pain wise.  (+ info)

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