How much schooling do you need to become a Cardio Vascular Surgeon?

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I'm thinking about either becoming a Physician Assistant or a Cardio Vascular surgeon, but I'm unsure on how much schooling you need to become a surgeon. I know you have to go to Pre Med School, then Medical school but is there anymore schooling after that?
You'll need a bachelors degree (college, 2-4 years). Then medical school (4 years), then residency. You'll have a 1 year internship in general surgery, then 4-5 more years in CT (cardiothoracic) surgery, depending on how specialized you want. The part after med school is residency, and you do get paid for it.

Physician's assistant is a lot less school, but CT surgeons make 5-7 times the amount of money.

Best of luck.  (+ info)

How do you know you have a fistula?

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What are some of the symptoms if you have a fistula? Is it possibly it is not a fistula when there is not pain when you pass feaces, and no blood yet you have clear sweet smelling discharge coming out?
If your female how can you know the signs if you have a fistula? Is it via discharge from the anus and vagina?

Serious anus only?
Read up on it on a medical site.They may be able to help you.Just remember a fistula may join everything together so try not to worry .LOL  (+ info)

Will Cardio vascular exercise help out with my weight lifting gains?

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I am light and am trying to gain weight. So I have not ran in awhile. However I think that I will see strength gains in the weight room by running. What do you think? Will better cardio vascular conditioning make me stronger in the weight room? Can I still gain weight if I run?
I just spend 10 minutes answering this question you asked a few minutes ago..please go read that answer, and be patient, people will get to your question..  (+ info)

Can you heal an anal fistula without surgery?

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It all started in May 2007. I had five interventions including three surgeries. Two interventions they used something called bio-glue that worked for a few months but then it started all over again. I cannot correlate anything I eat (or any of my F&B habits) or anything in my life style to the fistula. It seems to have a mind of its own but is extremely unpredictable. The good news is that it behaves for a few weeks, then bang it decides to show me a few days of hell.
Because anal fistulas pass through the anal sphincter muscles, treatment must be delicately performed to reduce the risk of affecting bowel emptying. Each patient must be individually assessed for the best approach.

The goal of treatment is to cure the fistula with as little impact as possible on the sphincter muscles. The plan will depend on the fistula's location and complexity, and the strength of the patient's sphincter muscles.  (+ info)

How come some people are more vascular then other?

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BTW vascular is when you have veins popping out of your skin. Why do some people have more visible veins the other? Is this good or bad?
thinner more transparent skin, genetically larger veins...I don't think it is bad, just the way some people are built.  (+ info)

What are the main differences between Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease?

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A member of my family has been diagnosed with Vascular Dementia so the more detail someone can give me, the better. Many thanks.
Vascular dementia is caused by narrowing arteries cutting off oxygen supply to the brain cells - proper medication can really help/even improve mental function IF brain cells haven't been impaired by a stroke. No one yet knows what causes Alzheimer's, but there are connections to the brain not being able to rid itself of waste materials the same way "normal" brains do and that's what many of the meds work on. An Alzheimer's diagnosis is more discouraging because the medications are still all pretty new/experimental and only slow down the progress of the disease, at best. Chances are, with Vascular Dementia, if your family member is able to exercise a little, gets really good nutrition and treatments that clear out arteries, there's a chance for a better quality of life than with Alzheimer's. Good for you for caring enough to search out answers!  (+ info)

What is needle infiltration in hemodialysis? What is it called when a fistula is "blown."Is this infiltration?

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This question is for probsbly dialysis nurses or techs.
At the begining of treatment when there was no problem with needle placement, is it still called "infiltration" when the fistula is "blown" and hematoma occurs?
When a needle is correctly placed the needle makes one hole - into the fistula. An infiltration is when it makes more than one hole - the needle goes into the fistula and then out another side.

A blown fistula is not the same thing as an infiltration. A fistula can blow when the needle first enters the fistula. The vessel wall is too fragile for the needle and the fistula pops or blows like a balloon. It essentially makes a small tear, which is larger than the needle. A needle can also blow once dialysis is initiated. This will most often happen from the venous needle because the exiting blood creates positive pressure in the fistula. This increase in pressure can be too great for the vessel to withstand, causing the vessel to rupture. Again, this is usually a small hole, but the leaking blood can cause quite a large hematoma.  (+ info)

Which eye drops contain a vascular constrictor in them?

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I've done a little research and heard that you can make the whites in your eyes whiter by using eye drops with a vascular constrictor in them. The only problem is, i don't know which eye drops contain a vascular constrictor. Can i please get some products and stores where i can purchase them? That'd be great!
The active ingredient in Visine eye drops is Tetrahydrozoline HCl which is a vascular constrictor. You can buy Visine at any drug store such as CVS or Walgreens.  (+ info)

What are other treatments for tooth abscess and fistula except distraction of the tooth?

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What are other treatments for tooth abscess and fistula except distraction of the tooth since oral surgery hadn't helped?
When you had the oral surgery, was a root canal performed? If so, that is the last ditch effort to say the tooth. If the fistula and the infection does not resolve in 2-4 weeks after having thins done, then extraction is your only option.  (+ info)

What does it mean when something may be vascular?

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I have been having bad headaches on the right side, starting in my eye and in my temples, I have a dull pain daily (usually when im working out or in high stress situations) and also flares up around dinner time. Sometimes I do feel a bit dizzy, but nothing that last long or is horrible. My chiropractor told me to see my primary physican and get a blood test to test if it is vascular? What does that mean?
Vascular has to do with blood or the network of blood vessels, veins, arteries, etc. Some headaches can be of vascular origin and I think your chiropractor wants to rule out anything such as high blood pressure, malformations of the blood vessels in the brain (which could rupture, such as an aneurysm or bulging of vessel) or things of that nature. This is beyond the scope of practice of a chiropractor, so that is why you should see your primary physician. I'm not sure what exactly he means by "blood test", because simple lab work is not going to reveal any vascular problems. But you might need a cat scan or MRI and you just need to be evaluated by your physician before the chiro can proceed.

Edit: I just read Douglas B's answer and I disagree with him saying "all headaches begin with the neck muscle". That is an incorrect statement. Yes, MANY headaches began in the muscles and that is a MUSCULAR headache. However, the more serious headaches can be vascular or caused by aneurysm or tumors. That must be ruled out.  (+ info)

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