FAQ - Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
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Can chronic venous insufficiency (fluid retention in lower legs) be reversed?


Having sat at a desk for the last 30 years, I recently discovered that I have fluid retention in my lower legs. Seems it is called chronic venous insufficiency. I wear support hose which helps. Also, on days I exercise, it is not a problem. But my question is whether this sort of vein problem can heal itself, or whether the damage that's been done is irreversible. I am 60, not much overweight, and work out or play tennis several times per week.
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Chronic venous insufficiency is caused by widening of the leg &/or thigh veins, thereby preventing the valves to propel blood from the feet to the heart in a one way direction. In short, some of the blood that is supposed to go to the heart, is retained in the lower extremity.

Application of elastic compressive stockings will prevent the widening of the vein, thereby simulating the function of a leg vein. But after removing the stockings, the veins re- dilate. So this is not actually a cure.

Another treatment is to ablate the vein, which is severely dilated. This again is not reversing the anatomy. You just removed the problem.

I think the only plausible treatment which we can say is reversal of the chronic venous insufficiency is-- repair of the insufficient venous valve or valvuloplasty, ( if the anatomy will allow it) . This can be done by experienced vascular surgeons.  (+ info)

Why do not all optometrists specialise in convergence insufficiency?


After endless visits to optometrists as a child it was not until i was 46 that an optometrist that specialises in
convergence insufficiency who fixed my literacy problems.
If all optometrists check all there patients for convergence insufficiency there would be less kids with learning problems." By the way i was wrongly diagnosed with dyslexia"
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I work as a vision therapist for a Developmental Optometrist. It is amazing how many people have stories similar to you own. As a former teacher, I believe you are correct, "there would be less kids with learning problems" if more optometrists practiced vision therapy. Here is a website that can help others find doctors in their area.

www.COVD.org  (+ info)

What are the effects or signs and symptoms of Adrenal Insufficiency?


What would I be or not be feeling if I become Adrenal Insufficient.
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The typical signs would be fatigue and loss of energy, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, muscle weakness, dizziness when standing, dehydration, anxiety and depression.

Skin may also darken if ACTH gets very high. It may be an all over tan, or spots (like age spots) or just scars may darken or a combination of all three.

It can happen due to your pituitary not working well, or your adrenals themselves not working well (usually auto-immune disease) or as in my case, removal.  (+ info)

What are some conditions causing Pancreatic Insufficiency?


In a 3 year old, with severe asthma, weight loss, leg and arm pain, NEGATIVE sweat tests and lot of other symptoms?

Anything other than CF or Shwachman Syndrome that you can think ?of?
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Pancreatic insufficiency is the inability of the exocrine pancreas to produce and/or transport enough digestive enzymes to break down food in the intestine and to allow its absorption. It typically occurs as a result of progressive pancreatic damage that may be caused by recurrent acute pancreatitis or by chronic pancreatitis due to a variety of conditions. In children, for example, it is most frequently associated with cystic fibrosis (CF). Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is the second most common cause of inherited pancreatic insufficiency after CF. All patients with SDS have some degree of pancreatic insufficiency beginning in infancy. Pancreatic insufficiency can also be associated with type 1 or autoimmune diabetes. It is less frequently but sometimes associated with pancreatic cancer.
Pancreatic insufficiency usually presents with symptoms of malabsorption, malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, and weight loss (or inability to gain weight in children) and is often associated with steatorrhea (loose, fatty, foul-smelling stools). Diabetes may also be present in adults with pancreatic insufficiency  (+ info)

Would a electrolyte panel show an adrenal insufficiency?


What are some of the tests that would show an adrenal insufficiency; are they accurate?...The electrolyte panel that I was referring to in the question showed the following: Na, K, and more.
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If sodium is low and potassium is high, that would show AI, then more tests should be done.

Na being low and K being high is an adrenal crisis.

But really what should be tested is more like cortisol, dhea sulfate, ACTH, cortisol (urine, blood, saliva), renin, aldosterone and a cortisol stim test would be better...  (+ info)

What is the best method/test or detecting aortic insufficiency?


Is an echo or a doppler better for detecting Aortic regurgitation?
Color Doppler,Pulsed Dopple,Duplex Doppler,"Bedside" or continuous wave Doppler,
Or is And echo better?
2d-echo,3d-echo,color echo?

Or am I missing something?
Basically I want to know what is the best test to detect it.
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Ask a cardiologist.  (+ info)

I recently have been diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency?


My endocrinologist says i will need to take steroids for the rest of my life and if i don't I will die - is this true? I cannot find any definitive answer to this. I refuse to take steroids as they cause bad side affects. HELP - only serious answers please. Thanks.
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Honey, It's not the same type of steroid you hear athletes taking. No, these are life giving steroids. These are steroid hormones produced to help regulate organs in the body.. primarily, cortisol. There is another steroid involved called mineralcorticoid, which regulate sodium, potassium, and water retention. If you're not treated or refuse to take these things, your condition could turn into Addison's disease which is a worse condition but brought on by adrenal insufficiency. If not treated, you could experience severe abdominal pains, diarrhea, vomiting, profound muscle weakness, fatigue, extremely low blood pressure, right down to kidney failure, shock and you could die. I know you don't want all these things but not taking that medication would be the worse decision of your life, what will be left of it. Am I trying to scare you, Darn right I am, This is serious. It's not just a passing thing. Just because you heard the word steroids, trust me, it's not the one everyone else takes. These are special and so life giving. So take your medicine. You're our future and we need you around. Good luck and God bless you  (+ info)

My husband has venous insufficiency in both legs, & now has an appointment with a urologist to check his penis


What will the doctor do to diagnose venous insufficiency in the penis? Is it painful? He's nervous about it, and I can't find a website that explains how they check.
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When he walks in the exam room only the doctor will be there and will ask him to drop his pants.

Now comes the difficult part

He will ask him to masturbate to get an erection and will leave the room.

Your husban will be sitting in a chair if he has bad blood flow to each legs and not just the penis.

So it will not be as awkard like it would be if he was standing and using his hand to get an arousal.

Then the doctor will come back in and do a stiffness test seeing how ridgid his penis is in holding up away from the body.
Then do a sensitivity test of the skin on the head and along the shaft of the penis.

If problem is found he will be given medication to improve the blood flow to the penis.

And if the leg blood flow is found to be a major cause will send him to get a test done to try and detect where the blockage is
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Could a progesterone insufficiency cause late miscarriage ?


I know this is a common cause of early miscarriages, but have you ever heard of it causing an early second trimester miscarriage, about 16 weeks or so ?
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No. I have low progestrone too. Your placenta takes over progestrone levels and it evens out. It's only dangerous before 12 weeks.   (+ info)

Does anyone who has convergence insufficiency have trouble maintaining convergence?


I can converge but have trouble maintaining it. I also seem to have some trouble with divergence. Anyone else.
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Ha ha, i think you actually answered your own question.
Convergence insufficiency means that you have trouble converging or maintaining convergence...
The trouble with diverging could be that your eyes are trying so hard to converge at near, that when you have to diverge they get tired. (They diverge when you look in the distance.)

Do you have glasses or eye exercises to help you out?

I have accommodation insufficiency when i wear my contacts while doing near work, and some glasses really helped me out.

If your having more eye trouble go back to your optom and see what they can do to help!
Good luck!   (+ info)

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