In what regions of the world is Schistosomiasis japonica infection most prevalent in humans?
Schistosomiasis japonica is caused by the parasite Schistosomiasis japonicum. I need this for my biology class but I can't seem to find it anywhere. Please link me to your source, thank you.
If no informatino can be found for the strain Schistosomiasis japonica, if any info about where the highest infection rates in the world for all strains of Schistosomiasis would be appreciated.
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Japan (
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has anyone had schistosomiasis? how long after the treatment did you start to recover?
schistosomiasis?
hi. i have seen many sites and remedies i think mine is cured but the eggs are the problem i'd like someone who has been infected ot knows of ppl been infected to give me an idea how long they suffered after treatment.
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What are the latest techniques for diagnosing schistosomiasis?
Plz state as much techniques as possible and I can find the further information on my own. This will be helpful for me during my Medical Diagnostic PowerPoint presentation.
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Clinical signs + X-ray (looking for calcifications in the bladder), Tissue biopsy, Stool or urine samples, Serological tests like ELISA to look for antibodies. I have never heard of any DNA tests like Southern or Western blots for Schistosomes, but I wouldn't be too surprised if there's a test like that out there somewhere. (
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Is schistosomiasis a bacterial or viral infection?
Also, is that the scientific name? If not, what is it?
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It is essentially worms. Prevalent in the third world where inadequate sewage is the standard. Fresh water snails that live in contaminated water become infected and then release the worms which attach to and penetrate the skin of a human who comes into contact with the contaminated water. The humans then pass the worms back into the sewage system and the cycle goes on without adequate sewage treatment.
Additional details: that is the scientific name and the flat worms are called schistosoma. You can read more about it here:
Disease:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis
Worms:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosoma (
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What is the frequency of Praziquantel treatment to schistosomiasis and heterophydiasis?
For S. hematobium, praziquantel 40 mg/k/day divided into two doses. For one day only. Use 60 mg/kg/day if S. japonicum or S. mekongi.
For heterophyiasis praziquantel 75 mg/kg/day divited into three doses for one day. (
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what are the effects of schistosomiasis mansoni on human beings?
im doing a project and im stuck on this one little thing.. well this along with Schistosoma Haematobium, and Schistosoma japonicum. if you can find the way that these effect humans i would appreciate it dearly.. by the way it can be either one and not all. but if you do find all THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Schistosoma mansoni causes *intestinal schistosomiasis(resides in intestine) and is prevalent in 52 countries and territories of Africa, Caribbean, the Eastern Mediterranean and South America
Schistosoma haematobium causes **urinary schistosomiasis(resides in blood vessels of the bladder) and affects 54 countries in Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Schistosoma japonicum cause *intestinal schistosomiasis and are prevalent in 7 African countries and the Pacific region.This particular form can lead to serious complications of the liver and spleen.
*In intestinal schistosomiasis, eggs become lodged in the intestinal wall andcause an immune system reaction called a granulomatous reaction. This immuneresponse can lead to obstruction of the colon and blood loss. The infected individual may have what appears to be a potbelly. Eggs can also become lodged in the liver, leading to high blood pressure through the liver, enlarged spleen, the build-up of fluid in the abdomen (ascites), and potentially life-threatening dilations or swollen areas in the esophagus or gastrointestinal tractthat can tear and bleed profusely (esophageal varices).
**Urinary tract schistosomiasis is characterized by blood in the urine, pain ordifficulty urinating, and frequent urination and are associated with S. haematobium. The loss of blood can lead to iron deficiency anemia. A large percentage of persons, especially children, who are moderately to heavily infected experience urinary tract damage that can lead to blocking of the urinary tract and bladder cancer. (
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Who discovered Schistosomiasis, and what is the history of the disease?
Theodor Bilharz first described the cause of urinary schistosomiasis in 1851.
If you would like to read more about the disease you can visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis
Also, the "External Links" at the bottom are very helpful for finding more information on this disease. (
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Does a person with schistosomiasis infects others?
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharziasis or snail fever, is a primarily tropical parasitic disease caused by the larvae of one or more of five types of flatworms or blood flukes known as schistosomes. The name bilharziasis comes from Theodor Bilharz, a German pathologist, who identified the worms in 1851.
Infections associated with worms present some of the most universal health problems in the world. In fact, only malaria accounts for more diseases than schistosomiasis. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 200 million people are infected and 120 million display symptoms. Another 600 million people are at risk of infection. Schistosomes are prevalent in rural and outlying city areas of 74 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In Central China and Egypt, the disease poses a major health risk.
Causes and symptoms
All five species are contracted in the same way, through direct contact with fresh water infested with the free-living form of the parasite known as cercariae. The building of dams, irrigation systems, and reservoirs, and the movements of refugee groups introduce and spread schistosomiasis.
Eggs are excreted in human urine and feces and, in areas with poor sanitation, contaminate freshwater sources. The eggs break open to release a form of the parasite called miracidium. Freshwater snails become infested with the miracidium, which multiply inside the snail and mature into multiple cercariae that the snail ejects into the water. The cercariae, which survive outside a host for 48 hours, quickly penetrate unbroken skin, the lining of the mouth, or the gastrointestinal tract. Once inside the human body, the worms penetrate the wall of the nearest vein and travel to the liver where they grow and sexually mature. Mature male and female worms pair and migrate either to the intestines or the bladder where egg production occurs. One female worm may lay an average of 200 to 2,000 eggs per day for up to twenty years. Most eggs leave the blood stream and body through the intestines. Some of the eggs are not excreted, however, and can lodge in the tissues. It is the presence of these eggs, rather than the worms themselves, that causes the disease.
Prevention:
Prevention of the disease involves several targets and requires long term community commitment. Infected patients require diagnosis, treatment, and education about how to avoid reinfecting themselves and others. Adequate healthcare facilities need to be available, water systems must be treated to kill the worms and control snail populations, and sanitation must be improved to prevent the spread of the disease.
To avoid schistosomiasis in endemic areas:
contact the CDC for current health information on travel destinations.
upon arrival, ask an informed local authority about the infestation of schistosomiasis before being exposed to freshwater in countries that are likely to have the disease.
do not swim, stand, wade, or take baths in untreated water.
treat all water used for drinking or bathing. Water can be treated by letting it stand for three days, heating it for five minutes to around 122°F (around 50°C), or filtering or treating water chemically, with chlorine or iodine, as with drinking water.
Should accidental exposure occur, infection can be prevented by hastily drying off or applying rubbing alcohol to the exposed area.
...good luck. (
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How did the African disease, Schistosomiasis, get into S. America?
Parasites infect humans as well as animals. It is very common for people to travel from place to place, as well as animals either migrating to a place, or being imported there, to spread diseases.
And, it is not just an African disease...
The disease is found in tropical countries in Africa, Caribbean, eastern South America, east Asia and in the Middle East. Schistosoma mansoni is found in parts of South America and the Caribbean, Africa, and the Middle East; S. haematobium in Africa and the Middle East; and S. japonicum in the Far East. S. mekongi and S. intercalatum are found focally in Southeast Asia and central West Africa, respectively.
The disease is endemic to 74 countries, affecting an estimated 200 million people, half of whom live in Africa (
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what causes increasing abdominal area of schistosomiasis patient?
The abdominal distention frequently seen in schistosomiasis is due to the enlargement of the spleen and liver. (
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