1/30. risperidone and associated amenorrhea: a report of 5 cases.BACKGROUND: We report a 5-case series in which risperidone use in usual or lower-than-usual doses was unexpectedly associated with amenorrhea. case reports: On regimens of risperidone (1-8 mg/day), 5 psychiatric patients with various diagnoses developed amenorrhea with elevated serum prolactin levels (mean = 121.7 ng/mL; range, 61.2-229.8 ng/mL). In 4 of 5 cases, menstruation resumed only when risperidone was withdrawn, and in 1 case, menstruation restarted when the dose was tapered. Follow-up serum prolactin levels dropped to a mean of 17.2 ng/mL (range, 6.4-37.6 ng/mL). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the occurrence of amenorrhea during risperidone treatment may be related to elevated serum prolactin levels. This phenomenon may be due either to the dopamine D2 blocking effect of risperidone or to the large individual variability in the rate at which risperidone is metabolized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/30. pregnancy following bromocryptine therapy for the amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome due to a pituitary tumour.A woman developed amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea after partial removal of a pituitary tumor during pregnancy. Hyperprolactinaemia was supressed by therapy with bromocryptine (CB 154, Sandoz) resulting in cessation of galactorrhoea in two months, spontaneous menstruation after eight months, and pregnancy after twelve months.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/30. Unusual premature ovarian failure with hypogonadotropic hyperprolactinemia and 46, XX, 13ph .A 34-year-old woman with secondary amenorrhea is reported. She had a 30-day regular cycle menstruation from 12 to 24 years old. Her hormonal examination showed hypogonadotropic, secondary ovarian functional defect, and hyperprolactinemia. Her chromosomal arrangement was 46, XX, 13ph which is the elongation of 13p.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/30. anorexia nervosa in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: long-term follow-up of 4 cases.Studies which evaluate the psychosocial development and integration of adult female congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients are rare but show that patients with the salt wasting form are significantly more virilized and more frequently single and childless. Major complaints are irregular menstruation, hirsutism, acne, obesity, deep voice, and cushingoid features. Surprisingly, a higher prevalence of psychosomatic disorders has not yet been described. Since anorexia nervosa (AN) has not yet been described in patients with CAH, we here report 4 cases of female CAH patients who developed AN during adolescence. diagnosis of CAH was made between the age of 10 days and 3 years. Three patients suffer from the simple-virilizing form of CAH, one patient has a mild salt wasting CAH. Genital malformation varied from Prader stage II to IV. All 4 patients were compound heterozygotes for mutations/deletions of the CYP21B gene. Control of substitution therapy consisting of hydrocortisone and fluorocortisone was good. AN developed at ages 12, 13, 17, and 21 years (ICD 10 criteria for AN are BMI below 17.5 kg/m2, deliberate weight loss, body image disturbance, and primary or secondary amenorrhoea). diagnosis of AN was established by psychiatrists and/or psychologists. All four patients showed an impressive and deliberate weight loss between 13 and 20 kg within 6 months, had primary or secondary amenorrhoea, and presented with BMI between 13 and 17.9 kg/m2. All patients received psychological treatment and recovered. However, one patient had a severe relapse of AN. Two patients are now married and one has a healthy son. These cases demonstrate that the diagnosis of CAH is compatible with the development of AN and illustrate the importance of providing treatment for CAH patients that encompasses not only medical but also psychological and social care.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/30. Laparoscopic management of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors of the ovary. A report of two cases.BACKGROUND: sertoli-leydig cell tumor is a rare ovarian tumor with an incidence of < .5% of all ovarian tumors. laparotomy is the standard approach to these cases. CASES: Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors were diagnosed in two young, nulliparous, infertile women. Both presented with secondary amenorrhea. Virilization was found in one. Their testosterone levels were high, and sonography revealed a solid, echogenic mass in the fornix. Laparoscopic removal was performed. Both women achieved normal menstruation one month after the operation, and one became pregnant and gave birth to a healthy infant. CONCLUSION: There are very few case reports of laparoscopic removal of such tumors. Laparoscopic surgery, which is minimally invasive and cosmetically acceptable and has a speedy recovery, should be the approach of choice for these patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/30. Secondary amenorrhea caused by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis : report of two cases.amenorrhea is rarely presented as a manifestation of endocrinological disturbances in patients of chronic hydrocephalus. We describe two cases of secondary amenorrhea caused by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. Two female patients of age 30 and 20 yr presented with amenorrhea and increasing headache. Magnetic resonance images revealed marked, noncommunicating hydrocephalus without any tumorous lesion. In one patient, emergent extraventricular drainage was necessary because of progressive neurological deterioration. Each patient underwent surgical intervention for the hydrocephalus-ventriculoperitoneal shunt and endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Both resumed normal menstruation continuing so far with further normal menstrual bleeding. These two cases and others reported in the literature indicated that the surgical intervention for hydrocephalus resolves amenorrhea in all the cases of amenorrhea due to hydrocephalus. The suspected role of the surgery is the correction of increased intracranial pressure, which is an important pathogenetic factor in the development of amenorrhea.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/30. Restoration of menstruation after chemotherapy-induced amenorrhoea in a patient with ovarian immature teratoma.We described a rare case of a 20-year-old woman with an ovarian immature teratoma who resumed regular spontaneous menses after more than 5 years of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhoea. Efforts to reverse chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure can be continued even after persistent menstrual dysfunction of 5 or more years.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/30. Cyclic estrogen-progestin hormone therapy as a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of functional alterations of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis: case reports.amenorrhea is a clinical condition characterized by failure of menarche or by the absence of menstruation for six months in a woman with previous periodic menses. We report a first case of a 30 year-old woman affected by polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) whose amenorrhea ceased after a 6-month combination treatment with cyclic estradiol-norethisterone acetate. After the withdrawal of the hormone therapy, a stable recovery of periodic menses was observed. We describe a second case of a 23 year-old woman whose amenorrhea was caused by a hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to a non-functioning pituitary adenoma. After the administration of the previously described therapy both a disappearance of the adenoma and a recover of periodic menses were observed. We hypothesized that the outcomes in our cases could be the consequence of a balancing action induced by the exogenous hormone administration. The exogenous hormones may have reset the feedback between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland through mimicking the physiological hormones pattern of the 28-day cycle.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/30. Occlusion of the external cervical os after conization in a postpuerperal amenorrheic woman.INTRODUCTION: Complete occlusion of the cervical canal following conization is an uncommon complication. CASE REPORT: We encountered a case in a woman with lactation amenorrhea who after conization to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 developed hematometra and did not resume menstruation. This case was diagnosed early by ultrasonic tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CONCLUSION: Postpuerperal amenorrheic women should be managed with care because of the increased risk of occlusion of the cervical duct after conization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/30. Pure XY gonadal dysgenesis presenting as secondary amenorrhea. A case report.Secondary amenorrhea developed after two years of normal menstruation. On investigation, the patient's karyotype was 46,XY, the serum testosterone and free androgen index were elevated, and bilateral gonadoblastomas and dysgerminomas were found in the gonads. The uterus, fallopian tubes and vagina were normal. The gonads were removed and chemotherapy given because of lymphadenopathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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