1/19. blindness following gastrointestinal haemorrhage.Loss of vision is a rare but well known complication of distant and recurrent haemorrhage. It shares a poor prognosis, with only 10-14% of cases likely to make a complete recovery. Visual symptoms, due to ischaemic anterior optic neuropathy, vary from blurred vision to complete loss of vision in one or both eyes. The pathogenesis of such ischaemia remains unclear. Gastrointestinal bleeding seems to be the leading cause of loss of vision secondary to haemorrhage. However, complete and permanent blindness following gastrointestinal bleeding has rarely been reported. We report the case of a 51 -year-old woman who complained of complete blindness following blood loss, secondary to peptic ulcer, and discuss the pathogenesis of such a complication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/19. Upside-down orbitopathy: unilateral orbital dependent-tissue oedema causing total visual loss.The case is reported of a 24-year-old man who was involved in a road traffic accident and became trapped upside down with the right side of his face being the most dependent part of his body. Marked hemifacial tissue oedema was associated with right acute compressive orbitopathy and vascular compromise. Acute dysfunction of al orbital nerves was found on examination. Such neuropathy is usually related to the consequences of direct trauma, fractures or haemorrhage; however, computed tomography scanning demonstrated no evidence of orbital fracture or haemorrhage. Immediate anterior surgical orbital decompression was performed in the emergency room in addition to high dose intravenous steroids. Dependent orbtal tissue oedema is proposed as a mechanism of compressive orbitopathy with consequent ischaemic damage to all orbital nerves, total visual loss and complete ophthalmoparesis. Good recovery of other orbital nerves has occurred and the globe has reperfused. Despite intervention, no visual function has returned.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/19. Post-traumatic scedosporium inflatum endophthalmitis.This is the first documented case of post-traumatic scedosporium inflatum endophthalmitis and only the second of S. inflatum endophthalmitis occurring in a non-immunocompromised individual, to the authors' knowledge. A case is reported of a 57-year-old woman who, while chopping wood, had a wood chip hit her in the right eye. This caused a penetrating corneal injury with uveal prolapse and damage to the crystalline lens. There were also vitreous and suprachoroidal haemorrhages. No detectable intraocular foreign material was retained. The clinical manifestation of infection was delayed, but once established, it was very destructive. The initially indolent endophthalmitis eventually led to loss of all light perception and panophthalmitis which required enucleation. The responsible strain of S. inflatum was found to be resistant to all antifungal medication in vitro.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/19. blindness following paranasal sinus surgery: a report of two cases.Two cases of blindness following paranasal sinus surgery are presented. The first patient, a 38-year old man, developed a delayed massive haemorrhage, after bilateral sphenoethmoidectomy. This hemorrhage could be stopped by electric cauterisation under endoscopical control. During this reintervention the patient developed total blindness of his right eye, and a restriction of the inferotemporal left visual field. The second patient, a 10-year old girl, developed, after bilateral spheno-ethmoidectomy for isolated sphenoiditis, total blindness of the left eye and paralysis of the ipsilateral extraocular muscles. According to the literature, blindness secondary to paranasal surgery is mainly due to retrobulbar hemorrhage. In the first case blindness was due to a direct cauterisation of the optic nerve, after perforation of the lamina papyracea. In the second case, blindness was probably due to a hemorrhage in the orbital apex.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/19. Orbital haemorrhage with loss of vision in a patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation and prostatic carcinoma.A 65-year-old man with sudden profound loss of vision in his right eye due to sub-periosteal orbital haemorrhage was found to have disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) secondary to metastatic prostatic carcinoma. CT-scan did not reveal any orbital metastases. A lateral canthotomy did not help to restore the vision. Orbital haemorrhage is known to occur with DIC due to different causes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of orbital haemorrhage with DIC related to prostatic carcinoma. This case emphasises the importance of considering systemic factors in cases of non-traumatic haemorrhage, along with imaging studies to rule out any co-existing vascular anomaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/19. Clinical and electrophysiological course of acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis.BACKGROUND: syphilis can affect the anterior as well as the posterior segment of the eye at any stage. history AND SIGNS: A 52-year-old man was referred to our clinic because of acute loss of his vision and hearing. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was counting fingers (CF) right and 0.05 left eye, respectively. Fundoscopy revealed bilateral intraretinal macular haemorrhages and a large yellowish edematous lesion involving macula and midperipheral retina. fluorescein angiography showed diffuse late edema. The visual field showed a defect corresponding to the edematous lesion. The "Ganzfeld" electroretinogram (ERG) was markedly reduced and the multifocal ERG in the affected area was not recordable. THERAPY AND OUTCOME: VDRL, FTA-Abs and TPHA tests in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were positive. Intravenous penicillin therapy was initiated. BCVA, visual field and ERG eventually recovered completely. CONCLUSIONS: syphilis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in any unclear inflammatory ocular condition. awareness of syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis allows rapid diagnosis and therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/19. Transient blindness following epidural analgesia.A 43-year-old woman was given an epidural injection of steroid mixed with local anaesthetic, under general anaesthesia, for treatment of low back pain. In the recovery room she complained of blindness in one eye. Fundoscopy revealed retinal and vitreous haemorrhages in both eyes. Retinal haemorrhages can be caused by an increase in intracranial pressure and are therefore a possible complication of epidural anaesthesia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/19. The medical management of retrobulbar haemorrhage complicating facial fractures: a case report.A case of delayed retrobulbar haemorrhage following an orbital floor fracture is reported. Virtual total loss of vision occurred; however, intense medical therapy produced such a dramatic response that surgical decompression was not necessary. On 6 month follow-up the patients visual function was entirely normal in all respects.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/19. Spontaneous recovery of vision following an orbital haemorrhage.A 73-year-old man presented to casualty with a penetrating orbital injury and total loss of vision in the affected eye. He subsequently spontaneously recovered full vision. We stress the need for frequent assessment of vision before considering potentially hazardous surgical intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/19. blindness in eclampsia: CT and MR imaging.Three cases of cortical blindness complicating eclampsia are described, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT). The correspondence of MRI lesions (hyperintense on T2 weighted, and hypointense on T1 weighted sections) and low attenuation lesions on CT scan indicated ischaemia rather than haemorrhage as the pathological mechanism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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