1/4. An anatomical study of the partial anomalous pulmonary venous return with special references to the bronchial vein.Two examples of partial anomalous drainage of the pulmonary vein were detected at dissection. The first case was found in a 70-year-old female Japanese. An aberrant vein, approximately 6 mm in diameter, that derived from the upper lobe of the right lung was observed to drain into the superior vena cava at a point just below the entrance of the azygos vein. The other veins from the right lung gathered into two pulmonary veins and returned into the left atrium as usual. In the second case, which was found in an 80-year-old female Japanese, a connecting vein, approximately 8 mm in diameter, was found between the left superior pulmonary vein and the left brachiocephalic vein. In this case, although the direction of the blood flow within the connecting vein was not certain, it is probable that the blood passed from the pulmonary vein into the brachiocephalic vein, judging from the increase in the width of the latter vein. No other anomalies were found in the cardiovascular systems. At the occurrence of the anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins in both cases, we suspected the role of the bronchial vein to be a communicating and boundary vein between the pulmonary and systemic circulations. The developmental background of these anomalies is also considered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. I-cell disease: clinical studies of 21 Japanese cases.Clinical pictures of 21 cases with I-cell disease patients, 12 males and 9 females, were analyzed. Characteristic coarse facial features and shortness of stature were observed in all cases. In general, the motor development was found to be more severely retarded than the mental development of the patients. Rather little involvement of the nervous system seemed to cause somewhat acceptable mental development in some cases, and also cause the absence of epileptic seizures in all cases. Involvement of the cardiovascular system, especially progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, could be highly responsible for frequent sudden death of I-cell disease patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. cardiovascular system of the conjoined twins.The cardiovascular system of the dicephalus (2 spines, one pelvis) conjoined twins is being described. The heart consists of 2 atria and 3 ventricles. Various malformations are evident in the layout systematic and pulmonary circulation. The vascular system can be divided into 3 zones: an upper one--with an almost symmetrical duplication, a middle one--with an atypical pattern, and a lower one--with a normal pattern.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. Thoracopagus conjoined twins: radiological evaluation of one case.Radiological study of conjoined thoracopagus twins. The digestive and biliary tracts, the urinary and cardiovascular systems have been examined. The problems and difficulties encountered in the various procedures and in the interpretation of their results are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |