1/5. Endometrioma in a cesarean section scar--a case report.Scar endometriosis remains quite rare and there is only one case report in the literature of plastic surgery. We present a case of endometrioma appearing on the cesarean section scar. The classic symptom was a painful scar that became swollen and more tender during menstruation. The cause of surgical scar endometriosis is believed to be iatrogenic transplantation of endometrium to the surgical wound. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice. This entity must be kept in mind by plastic surgeons evaluating patients who present with soft-tissue masses of the abdominal wall in the setting of previous combined hysterectomy and abdominoplasty.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Cesarean scar endometriosis. A report of two cases.BACKGROUND: Extrapelvic endometriosis is a fairly rare phenomenon. The majority of extrapelvic endometriosis involves scar tissue following obstetric/gynecologic procedures. cesarean section scar endometriosis may be more common than reflected in the literature and has a distinct presentation and treatment. CASES: Two patients with histories of cesarean sections presented with a painful, enlarging mass involving the cesarean section scar. The pain was cyclic and strongest just prior to menstruation. Both patients were treated with surgical excision, and both specimens had endometriosis confirmed by histopathology. CONCLUSION: endometriosis involving a cesarean section scar may be more common than thought. patients typically present with a history of cesarean section or other obstetric/gynecologic surgery and are found to have a mass involving the scar, with symptoms intensifying prior to each menstrual cycle. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice, providing both diagnostic and therapeutic intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. abdominal wall and surgical scar endometriosis: results of magnetic resonance imaging.Scar endometriosis is a rare disease which is difficult to diagnose. The symptoms are nonspecific, typically involving abdominal wall pain at the time of menstruation. Clinical examination may reveal a painful nodule, if the scar involved is located on the abdominal wall, but is normal, when the lesion is located on the uterine scar. Other means of investigation (transvaginal ultrasonography, computed tomography) may be useful in case of lesions on the abdominal wall, or if the nodule is large, but give no specific results. The diagnosis is frequently made only after excision of the lesion. We report here 4 patients operated for scar endometriosis (two abdominal and two uterine scars) for whom MRI had suggested the diagnosis. Thanks to its very high spatial resolution, MRI enables very small lesions to be detected and can distinguish the hemorrhagic signal of endometriotic lesions. Furthermore, it performs better than the CT scan in detecting the limits between muscles and abdominal subcutaneous tissues.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Scar endometriosis at the site of cesarean section.OBJECTIVE: Scar endometriosis is a rare condition. We report a case of scar endometriosis occurring at the site of an old cesarean section scar. CASE REPORT: A 29-year-old multiparous woman complained of painful sensation during menstruation for 2 years that occurred at the site of her cesarean section surgical scar. On examination, there was a firm nodule measuring 2 x 1.5 cm in size at the mid-point of the scar. In view of the possibility of scar endometriosis, the mass was completely excised. Pathologic findings were compatible with scar endometriosis. Postoperatively, danazol was prescribed to prevent recurrence. CONCLUSION: A surgical scar becoming painful and swollen during menstruation is the classic symptom of scar endometriosis. Causes include iatrogenic transplantation of endometrium to the surgical wound. Surgical excision is the main treatment. Postoperative GnRH-agonist or danazol may be prescribed to patients with scar endometriosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Extrapelvic endometriosis presenting as a hernia: clinical reports and review of the literature.endometriosis is a common gynecologic diagnosis. Typical complaints of patients with pelvic endometriosis include dysmenorrhea, menstrual irregularities, dyspareunia, and infertility. endometriosis may also occur in extrapelvic sites and cause unusual symptoms and diagnostic dilemmas. endometriosis has been described in the inguinal region, and this is illustrated in the first case history. The tender inguinal masses often fluctuate with the menstrual cycle but the condition initially may be confused with an inguinal hernia. Treatment is surgical. abdominal wall scar endometriosis, seen in the second case, has been described in patients after a wide variety of gynecologic procedures. This also is initially noted as a tender mass, usually fluctuating with menstruation, and is often confused with an incisional hernia. Again, surgery is the treatment of choice. Pathologic features of endometriosis are constant, regardless of location. Microscopically, endometrial glands and stroma, fibrosis, chronic inflammation, and old hemorrhage are seen. Familiarity with the unusual types of endometriosis is important to the general surgeon.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = menstruation (Clic here for more details about this article) |