1/9. Factors contributing to adverse soft tissue reactions due to the use of tartar control toothpastes: report of a case and literature review.Tetrasodium and/or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (Ppi) is the anticalculus component of most tartar control dentifrices on the market today. While pyrophosphates alone are not responsible for hypersensitivity reactions, several modifications which may lead to adverse oral manifestations may occur when pyrophosphates are added to a dentifrice. First, tetrasodium pyrophosphate in a dentifrice forms a slightly alkaline solution upon oral use which could irritate oral membranes. Second, increased concentrations of flavoring agents, known to be sensitizers, are needed to mask the strong bitter taste of pyrophosphates. Third, increased concentrations of detergents, capable of producing hypersensitivity reactions, are necessary to allow the pyrophosphates to become soluble in the dentifrice. Fourth, a pre-existing condition of reduced salivary flow may augment hypersensitivity to tartar control toothpastes. While pyrophosphates have been approved as additives in dentifrices, these compounds along with the increased concentrations of flavorings and detergents and their higher intraoral alkalinity are strongly implicated as the causative factor in certain hypersensitivity reactions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/9. Metal piercing through the tongue and localized loss of attachment: a case report.The piercing of intraoral structures to accommodate different types of jewelry has increased in popularity in the last few years. The association of an intraoral piercing with localized periodontitis is not well documented in the literature. A 22-year-old male presented to our clinic with a tongue stud placed through the mid-dorsum of his tongue. The inferior sphere was coated with plaque and calculus. Teeth #24 and #25 exhibited 6 mm interproximal probing depth and recession, horizontal radiographic bone loss, and tissue indentations consistent with the shape of the inferior ball of the tongue stud directly on the lingual surfaces of both teeth. The treatment consisted of an adult prophylaxis, flap curettage of the mandibular anterior region, oral hygiene instructions, and removal of the tongue stud. At our follow-up visit, the patient's oral hygiene had improved, he has removed the jewelry, and the attachment loss appears to have stabilized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/9. Periodontal plastic surgical technique for gingival fenestration closure.Gingival fenestration is an opening through oral keratinized tissue, usually unattached, that is observed in thin gingiva with usually thick subgingival calculus deposits. This lesion is seen infrequently but may be more common than has been reported; lack of symptoms may inhibit patient awareness. Because surgical correction usually is not required, there are very few reports in the literature concerning this lesion. The following report describes a case of gingival fenestration and surgical treatment with a connective tissue/periosteal graft.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/9. Rare and abnormal massive dental calculus deposit: an investigative report.An unprecedented case is presented involving a massive calculus buildup on the mandibular incisors. The clinical and radiographic findings were reviewed, probable causes were investigated, and results were outlined and discussed. The composition, origin, and formation of dental calculus and its interrelationship with dental plaque and saliva were highlighted. The role of dental calculus in the pathogenicity of periodontal diseases, in view of epidemiological data, research, and clinical study findings, is discussed. Both the case management and the benefit of total calculus removal for resolving periodontal disease are underlined.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/9. Calculus-like deposit on the apical external root surface of teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis: report of two cases.AIM: To report two cases in which calculus-like material was found on external root surfaces of (i) an extracted root and (ii) an apicected part of a root, both of which were removed due to post-treatment refractory apical periodontitis. SUMMARY: In each case, there was a fistulous tract, which did not heal after conventional root canal treatment. The first case did not heal even after apical surgery, and subsequent tooth extraction revealed calculus-like material on a root surface of complex anatomy. The second case showed radiographic signs of healing after apicectomy. histology of the apical biopsy revealed a calculus-like material on the external surface of the root apex. It is suggested that the presence of calculus on the root surfaces of teeth with periapical lesions may contribute towards the aetiology of failure. KEY learning POINTS: Biofilm on the external root surface has been implicated in the failure of apical periodontitis to heal, despite adequate root canal treatment. Calculus-like material was found, in two cases, on the root surface of teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis, where the only communication externally was a sinus tract.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/9. Calculus in a toddler with end-stage renal disease due to prune-belly syndrome.Prune-belly syndrome is a congenital kidney and urinary tract anomaly which may lead to end-stage renal failure (ESRF). The present case describes an infant suffering from end-stage kidney disease due to prune-belly syndrome, undergoing chronic hemodialysis, with excessive calculus deposits which disappeared following kidney transplantation. Possible explanations are discussed. The first mechanism is associated with lack of oral function which may have caused pooling of saliva around the teeth enhancing precipitations of minerals. The second possible mechanism is associated with the child's uremic state. The third mechanism could be a disturbance in calcium-phosphor metabolism. It is possible that in the present case, the gastrostomy and the electrolyte disturbances characterizing ESRF had an additive effect.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/9. The effect of an airbrasive instrument on soft and hard tissues around osseointegrated implants. A case report.A 40-year-old woman with natural teeth in the upper jaw and a complete lower denture was treated with six osseointegrated implants connected to a fixed bridge. On a recall visit 6 months posttreatment an air powder abrasive devise Prophy-Jet had been used to remove calculus and debris from the titanium abutments by the referring dentist. This resulted in an acute clinical reaction characterized by pain and submucosal emphysema. Furthermore, radiographs revealed break down of the marginal bone surrounding the fixtures. The treatment and follow-up period became long. These observations suggest that the use of air powder abrasive instruments is not the treatment of choice in the maintenance care of osseointegrated titanium implants.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/9. A case report of unusual dental calculus formation.A case is presented in which an unusual amount of intraoral calculus was seen in a 59-year-old woman. The deposits completely covered all surfaces of most teeth and extended over the facial and lingual gingivae. The relationship between certain chemical salivary parameters and heavy calculus formers is briefly described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/9. Calculus-like deposit at apex of tooth with refractory apical periodontitis.It is generally accepted that bacteria in or outside the root canal are the reason for apical periodontitis and endodontic failures. This case report presents a 60-year-old woman with a periapical lesion and a fistulous tract which did not respond to conventional root canal treatment. During periapical surgery, granulomatous tissue was removed and a calculus-like deposit was observed on the root surface. A radicular cyst was diagnosed. Nine months after this calculus-like deposit had been removed and the cyst enucleated, complete recovery of the bone had occurred. It is suggested that the presence of the calculus-like deposit at the apex of the tooth or its effects may in part have delayed the healing of the periapical inflammation in spite of apparently adequate endodontic treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |