11/111. dysarthria as the isolated clinical symptom of borreliosis--a case report.This report presents a case of dysarthria due to hypoglossal nerve mono-neuropathy as the only consequence of neuroborreliosis. The 65-year-old man with a seven-months history of articulation disturbances was examined. The speech of the patient was slow and laboured. A slight weakness of the muscles of the tongue (left-side) was observed. The patient suffered from meningitis due to borrelia burgdorferi infection in 1999 and initially underwent a successful antibiotic treatment. Detailed radiological investigation and psychological tests were performed and co-existing neurological diseases were excluded. To describe profile of speech abnormalities the dysarthria scale was designed based on S. J. Robertson dysarthria Profile. There were a few disturbances found in self-assessment of speech, intelligibility, articulation, and prosody but especially in the morphology of the articulation muscles, diadochokinesis, the reflexes (in the mouth, larynx and pharynx). Needle EMG examination confirmed the diagnosis of mono-neuropathy of left hypoglossal nerve. The study confirms the fact that neuroborreliosis may evoke chronic consequences.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/111. The effect of a dopamine agonist on dysarthric speech production: a case study.The effect of Permax (pergolide mesylate), a dopamine agonist, was assessed in an individual with traumatic brain injury. The participant evidenced symptoms of hypokinetic dysarthria. His performance on and off Permax was evaluated in a BABA design. Measures were obtained across physiological systems. There were few differences in the on and off conditions. In the on condition, he evidenced an abnormally large velopharyngeal orifice area, dysfluencies in stimulus sentences, and less precise articulation. However, listeners perceived him to be more animated in the on condition. In addition, he reported better performance in the on condition. The study highlights potential discrepancies among participant report, listener perception, and objective measures. learning outcomes: As a result of this activity, the participant will be able (1) to recognize the effect of dopamine agonists as an adjunct to other pharmacological interventions and (2) to determine potential discrepancies among participant report, listener perception and objective physiological and acoustic measures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3333333333333keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/111. A new neurological entity manifesting as involuntary movements and dysarthria with possible abnormal copper metabolism.A few patients with an affected CNS involving abnormalities in copper metabolism have been described that do not fit any known nosological entities such as Wilson's disease or Menkes' disease.Three sporadic patients (two men and one woman) were examined with involuntary movements and dysarthria associated with abnormal concentrations of serum copper, serum ceruloplasmin, and urinary copper excretion. The onset of neurological symptoms occurred at the age of 15 to 17 years. The common clinical symptoms were involuntary movements and dysarthria. The involuntary movements included dystonia in the neck, myoclonus in the shoulder, athetosis in the neck, and rapid orobuccal movements. The dysarthria consisted of unclear, slow, and stuttering speech. Two of the three patients did not have dementia. A cousin of the female patient had been diagnosed as having Wilson's disease and had died of liver cirrhosis. Laboratory findings showed a mild reduction in serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations, whereas urinary copper excretion was significantly reduced in all three patients. Two of the three patients showed a high signal intensity in the basal ganglia on T2 weighted brain MRI.In conclusion, the unique findings of involuntary movements, dysarthria, and abnormal serum copper and urinary copper concentrations suggest that the three patients may constitute a new clinical entity that is distinct from either Wilson's or Menkes disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/111. Pure anarthria with predominantly sequencing errors in phoneme articulation: a case report.A 77-year-old left-handed man presented with pure anarthria following cerebral infarction. The lesion was restricted to the right precentral gyrus extending to the immediately underlying subcortical white matter and the frontal part of the insular cortex. Qualitative analysis of anarthria revealed that half of the phonemic-articulatory errors in spontaneous speech were sequencing ones. Sequential errors were detected at the phoneme level in both consonants and vowels, and at the syllable level. Most of the sequential errors were pre-positioning. Sequential errors were observed both within and across words. In clear contrast with anarthria, writing and comprehension was preserved, which suggested the problem was limited to oral expression. Our findings provide further support that the precentral gyrus and/or the insular cortex of the language dominant hemisphere is responsible for the temporal sequencing of the articulatory programming.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/111. Cerebellar mutism associated with a midbrain cavernous malformation. Case report and review of the literature.The authors report a case of cerebellar mutism arising from a hemorrhagic midbrain cavernous malformation in a 14-year-old boy. No cerebellar lesion was identified; however, edema of the dorsal midbrain was noted on postoperative magnetic resonance images. Dysarthric speech spontaneously returned and then completely resolved to normal speech. This case provides further evidence for the theory that involvement of the dentatothalamic tracts, and not a cerebellar lesion per se, is the underlying cause of "cerebellar" mutism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/111. Effect of speech task on intelligibility in dysarthria: a case study of Parkinson's disease.This study assessed intelligibility in a dysarthric patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) across five speech production tasks: spontaneous speech, repetition, reading, repeated singing, and spontaneous singing, using the same phrases for all but spontaneous singing. The results show that this speaker was significantly less intelligible when speaking spontaneously than in the other tasks. Acoustic analysis suggested that relative intensity and word duration were not independently linked to intelligibility, but dysfluencies (from perceptual analysis) and articulatory/resonance patterns (from acoustic records) were related to intelligibility in predictable ways. These data indicate that speech production task may be an important variable to consider during the evaluation of dysarthria. As speech production efficiency was found to vary with task in a patient with Parkinson's disease, these results can be related to recent models of basal ganglia function in motor performance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.6666666666667keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/111. Reorganization of speech production at the motor cortex and cerebellum following capsular infarction: a follow-up functional magnetic resonance imaging study.Based on clinical data, Geschwind assumed left hemisphere dominance of speech production to extend to the cortical representation of articulatory and phonatory functions at the motor cortex. This author suggested, furthermore, that the clinical observation of rapid recovery from articulatory impairments after damage to the left-sided corticobulbar tracts reflects compensatory activation of an alternative pathway involving the contralateral pre-central gyrus and its efferent projections. In order to test this hypothesis, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed 4 and 35 days after stroke in a 38-year-old man who had experienced sudden speech deterioration ('dysarthric speech') concomitant with weakness of the right upper limb and the right side of the face. Computerized tomography demonstrated an ischaemic infarction within the left internal capsule. The patient fully recovered from dysarthria within 9 days. Activation of the right hemisphere analogues of Broca and Wernicke areas has been assumed to contribute to recovery from aphasia. As a further aspect of the reorganization of speech function, the present case study demonstrates for the first time by means of fMRI a selective 'shift' of the cortical representation of speech motor control to the right Rolandic cortex and the left cerebellum during restitution of articulation in a case of transient dysarthria following infarction of the left internal capsule.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/111. Complete denture with a removable palatal lift prosthesis: a case report and clinical evaluation.The palatal lift prosthesis is used to alleviate rhinopharyngeal closure dysfunction. It is generally problematical to use in edentulous patients, because the palatal lift prosthesis requires secure retention of the denture base and is difficult for the patient to retain while eating. This article describes the fabrication of a complete denture with a removable palatal lift prosthesis and a clinical evaluation of the denture's stability. A sprue pin and tube were used as a connecting attachment between the removable palatal lift prosthesis and the denture base. The force required for lifting the soft palate and the denture's stability were measured in the clinical evaluation. The prosthesis required an average retentive force of 0.26 N for each 1 mm of soft palate lift. The force required to dislodge the denture was measured with and without the palatal lift prosthesis in place. The force required to dislodge the conventional complete dentures of five healthy individuals was also measured as a reference. The denture was 24.4% less stable when the palatal lift prosthesis was in place and was generally easier to dislodge than were conventional dentures. This denture with a removable palatal lift prosthesis is useful for patients with dysfunction of the soft palate involving hypernasal speech who have difficulty in retaining the prosthesis while eating.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/111. Perceptual and instrumental analysis of laryngeal function after traumatic brain injury in childhood.OBJECTIVE: To investigate laryngeal function and phonatory disturbance in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI), using both perceptual and instrumental techniques. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: The performance of 16 individuals with moderate to severe TBI acquired in childhood and 16 nonneurologically impaired control subjects was compared on a battery of perceptual (Frenchay dysarthria Assessment, speech sample analysis) and instrumental (Aerophone II, laryngograph) assessments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: As a group, the children with TBI demonstrated normal, or only minimally impaired laryngeal function, when compared with the control group, which contrasts with the significant laryngeal impairment noted in adults after TBI. Several reasons for the different findings in relation to laryngeal function in adults and children after TBI are postulated: (1) differing types of injury usually incurred by adults and children may result in a relatively decreased degree of neurologic impairment in these children, (2) differences in recovery potential between adults and children, and (3) the pediatric larynx is still developing, hence it may be better able to compensate for any impairment incurred.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/111. Adverse effects of subthalamic nucleus DBS in a patient with multiple system atrophy.A 59-year-old woman with levodopa-responsive parkinsonism complicated by motor fluctuations and generalized levodopa dyskinesia underwent bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) 7 years after symptom onset. DBS improved levodopa-responsive upper extremity bradykinesia but aggravated speech, swallowing, and gait. Motor fluctuations were not improved and levodopa dose remained unchanged. pulse generators were turned off. Clinical features and brain MRI in this case were indicative of multiple system atrophy (MSA). STN DBS is not recommended for patients with MSA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = speech (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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