1/7. Hemichorea and hemiballism associated with contralateral hemiparesis and ipsilateral basal ganglia lesions.We report on two patients with unilateral hyperkinetic movement disorders associated with contralateral hemiparesis and ipsilateral basal ganglia lesions. The first patient, a 47-year-old woman, had a low-grade astrocytoma located in the right basal ganglia extending into the subthalamic area and the cerebral peduncle. She presented with left hemiparesis, right hemichorea, and intermittent right-sided tremor at rest. The second patient, a 85-year-old woman, had hypertensive hemorrhage to the right posterior basal ganglia, the posterior limb of the internal capsule, the lateral thalamus, and the subthalamic region with accompanying intraventricular bleeding. She developed right-sided transient hemichorea-hemiballism. A videotape illustration of one of the patients is provided. The literature on the rare occurrence of ipsilateral hemichorea-hemiballism is discussed and possible pathomechanisms are reviewed. We postulate that hemiparesis contralateral to basal ganglia lesions might have a conditioning effect on the appearance of ipsilateral dyskinetic movement disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = subthalamic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/7. deep brain stimulation to treat hyperkinetic symptoms of cockayne syndrome.cockayne syndrome manifests a spectrum of neurological dysfunction that includes medically intractable movement disorders. deep brain stimulation has not been well studied in such rare neurodegenerative conditions. In this case, stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus was used to manage severe motor symptoms in a young man with cockayne syndrome. There was a marked and progressive response to thalamic stimulation within weeks of surgery. These results suggest that patients with cockayne syndrome should be considered for deep brain stimulation to treat refractory movement disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0036035760985853keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/7. Hemiballismus complicating stereotactic thalamotomy.The pathology of poststereotactic hyperkinesis has been rarely documented and the pathophysiology is still poorly understood. In a case of hemiballismus following thalamotomy for parkinsonism, detailed anatomical studies showed bilateral cortical pseudolaminar necrosis and no involvement of the subthalamic nuclei by the thalamic lesions. The structural and functional effects of surgical lesions upon the preexisting pharmacological abnormalities present in parkinsonism probably constitute the substrate necessary for occurrence of hemiballismus following stereotactic surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = subthalamic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/7. Hemiballism and metastatic brain tumor.We describe a 78-year-old man with right hemiballism as the presenting symptom of a metastatic occult adenocarcinoma of the lung. CT demonstrated two contrast-enhancing lesions: one in the left subthalamic region and the other in the left parietal region. Metastatic tumor was confirmed at autopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = subthalamic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/7. Inferior red nucleus syndrome (Benedikt's syndrome) due to a single intramesencephalic metastasis from a prostatic carcinoma. Case report.The authors describe a case of inferior red nucleus syndrome due to a solitary intramesencephalic metastasis from a glandular epithelioma of the prostate. They emphasize the rarity of cerebral metastases of prostatic origin, particularly at the level of the brain stem, and the exceptional features of a red nucleus syndrome originating from a tumour.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.021621456591512keywords = nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/7. The "jerky dystonic unsteady hand": a delayed motor syndrome in posterior thalamic infarctions.We report the cases of three patients with a thalamic infarct in the territory of the posterior choroidal artery involving the posterior thalamic nuclei. These patients developed delayed complex hyperkinetic motor syndromes, associating ataxia, tremor, dystonia, myoclonus and chorea, which we call "the jerky dystonic unsteady hand". One patient had a severe myoclonic and ataxic-dystonic choreoathetosis; another showed a so-called rubral tremor (myoclonic ataxia with resting, action, and wing-beating tremor) with dystonia; and the third one had a dystonic and ataxic hand with intermittent mild action myoclonus. All of them had sensory dysfunction; two had also presented with a painful Dejerine-Roussy syndrome. All had CT or MRI-proven infarcts in the territory of the posterior cerebral artery involving the posterior choroidal territory with an abnormal signal in the posterior area of the thalamus (pulvinar nucleus) but sparing the other thalamic, subthalamic and midbrain structures. These delayed myoclonic complex hyperkinetic syndromes have not been reported before, and we did not observe them in other topographic forms of thalamic infarcts. They may thus represent a new entity of movement disorders due to lesions in the posterior thalamic nuclei, with specificity for posterior choroidal artery infarcts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.50360357609859keywords = subthalamic, nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/7. Somatotropic lower monoballism following hemorrhage in the subthalamic nucleus.A 62-year-old man presented with monoballism of the right leg. Magnetic resonance images revealed a small hemorrhagic focus confined to the caudal portion of the left subthalamic nucleus. The monoballism disappeared after a short time, without treatment. This is the first report of lower monoballism with single subthalamic lesion. The findings in this case support the theory of somatotopic correspondence in the subthalamic nucleus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.6786926448202keywords = subthalamic nucleus, subthalamic, nucleus (Clic here for more details about this article) |