11/25. Nutrition intervention in general dentistry. This article presents a nutrition program in general dentistry following an oral health nutrition care process, and provides a guideline for identifying patients at risk of developing marginal malnutrition as a result of oral health procedures. The program highlights the importance of assessing nutritional status by segregating high-risk patients from low-risk patients. A case report demonstrates the therapeutic dietary management of a patient whose jaws were immobilized as a result of trauma. ( info) |
| An expanding false aneurysm in the infratemporal fossa followed this patient's complicated jaw fracture. Successful Gelfoam embolization of the maxillary artery has controlled haemorrhage, treated the aneurysm, and avoided the hazards of local operative intervention. The technique of embolization has a place in the management of various difficult vascular problems. ( info) |
13/25. Use of a miniplate to provide intermaxillary fixation in the edentulous patient. A case of severe facial trauma is presented. The fractures were stabilized using wire osteosynthesis and miniplates. Since no dentures were available intermaxillary fixation was achieved with a miniplate from the upper to the lower jaw, which resulted in a very satisfactory stabilization. ( info) |
14/25. The surgical one-stage management of combined cranio-maxillo-facial and frontobasal fractures. Advantages of the subcranial approach in 374 cases. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the advantages of a one-stage, step by step repair of facial skeletal injuries as well as the dural tears and lesions of the anterior fossa, by one and the same team. The methods described permit optimal reduction of the pseudohypertelorism and major displacements in severe combined craniofacial injuries. The simultaneous subcranial exposure of the entire basal region of the anterior fossa obviates the intracranial approach or frontal lobe retraction thus making early stage surgical management feasible. The surgical treatment of these injuries as a single entity, as well as further modifications reduce complications such as recurrent CSF leakage, anosmia, mucocoele or secondary operations for inadequate fracture reduction. The significance of primary meticulous reconstruction of the combined cranial vault and midface fractures for the achievement of normal physiological function of the various systems is particularly highlighted. ( info) |
15/25. Chain saw injury of the maxillofacial region. A case of facial chain saw injury has been presented, along with a review of the literature and a discussion of the preoperative and postoperative management. The mechanism of injury and recommendations to reduce the incidence of maxillofacial injuries are also discussed. ( info) |
16/25. Embolization for traumatic epistaxis. Adjuvant therapy in severe maxillofacial fracture. In a case of persistent traumatic epistaxis successful treatment by embolization therapy is reported. The method is described in detail and the advantages of the use of Digital Subtraction angiography (DSA) are stressed. ( info) |
17/25. Pediatric jaw fractures: indications for open reduction. jaw fractures in children are generally managed without major surgical intervention. Closed reduction usually is sufficient to restore normal anatomy and function. The one inviolate principle is early treatment. During the past three years, four pediatric jaw fractures that required open reduction were treated. This mode of treatment was necessitated by the limitations imposed by pediatric dental anatomy and by the type of fractures encountered. In at least 24 months of follow-up, no dental problems have been seen. ( info) |
18/25. Immediate management of severe facial war-injuries. The immediate treatment of severely war-wounded maxillo-facial patients is presented. The cases are of avulsion injuries of the face suffered by Iraqi soldiers where means of reduction, stabilization and immobilization were difficult. Kirschner wire was adapted successfully for immobilization in cases of anterior mandibular segment loss. The application of the Kirschner wire is presented for bridging of bony mandibular defects, preservation of soft tissue position; and making use of small and large pieces of denuded bone. ( info) |
19/25. Isolated fracture of the first rib associated with facial trauma. Isolated fractures of the first rib are rare and often, though not always, indicative of severe trauma. The causes of first rib fracture are various, as are the sometimes serious complications of such a fracture. Since the oral and maxillofacial surgeon is involved many times in the primary care of the trauma patient, he must consider the possibility of first rib fracture and be alerted to the possible sequelae. ( info) |
20/25. Management of severe maxillo-facial injuries. Maxillo-facial injuries have increased in incidence in singapore due mainly to road traffic accidents. Approximately 450 cases are seen annually in the singapore General Hospital. A review of 50 consecutive cases of severe maxillo-facial injuries seen in the Department of Plastic Surgery showed that the majority were Lefort II type fractures (64%) followed by Lefort I fractures (14%) and Lefort III fractures (8%). There were seven cases which had a combination of multiple facial fractures. The significant associated injuries occurred in the limbs (32%), the head (30%) and in the chest (8%). The emergency management of maxillo-facial trauma is discussed in some detail and some of the problems in the treatment of severe or multiple facial fractures are also highlighted in this paper. ( info) |