11/15. The human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus in the southeastern united states.The human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) is a recently described rna tumor virus associated with human T-cell malignant neoplasms. In two geographic areas, japan and the Caribbean basin, clusters of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma are "sentinel diseases" and have suggested an underlying prevalence of HTLV infection in both family members of the index cases and in the population. Four cases of lymphoma from the United States are described as illustrative of the sentinel disease. Serological studies of families and of a small population sample suggest that HTLV infection is endemic in certain parts of the southeastern united states at rates similar to those seen in Caribbean blacks but at a lower rate than that observed in southwestern japan.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = leukemia-lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/15. Atypical adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma: diverse clinical manifestations of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.The diverse clinical manifestations of 10 cases of so-called adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL)-related T-cell malignancies are described. These cases were anti-ATLA [antibody to ATL virus (ATLV)-associated antigen (ATLA)] positive, and tumor cells had the inducer/helper T-cell phenotype and expressed ATLA when cultured, indicating that these diseases are the same as typical ATL, even though their clinical diagnoses were different from ATL. Accordingly, they are called atypical ATL. Clinically, they could be divided into two subtypes, smoldering type and lymphoma type. In the smoldering type, the disease usually started with skin lesions and rarely with lung lesions. After a prodromal stage of several years, the disease progressed insidiously to the leukemic stage without additional manifestations. The flower cells characteristic of typical ATL were observed in only a small percentage of peripheral lymphoid cells. In two of the five patients the disease progressed to typical ATL after several years from onset. All five patients are alive with a long survival time, more than 6 yr in four, and had high titers of anti-ATLA, suggesting that anti-ATLA might have some role in regulating the proliferation of ATL cells in vivo. In the lymphoma type, morphological diagnosis was not always specific for discriminating ATL-related from ATL-unrelated T-cell lymphomas. Detection of anti-ATLA in the patient's serum and of ATLA in cultured tumor cells, examination of the sera of members of the patient's family for anti-ATLA, and observation of typical flower cells in the peripheral blood though the patients had neither lymphocytosis nor leukemic changes, seem to be useful for the discrimination, especially in an ATL-nonendemic area. Members of the family of a patient with anti-ATLA positive T-lymphoma in an ATL-nonendemic area were also anti-ATLA positive, indicating that healthy ATLV carriers in an ATL-nonendemic area exist as a family colony. This is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of ATL in an ATL-nonendemic area. In summary, the disease entity of ATL is considered, at present, to be a malignancy of inducer/helper T-cells transformed by ATLV or HTLV (human T-cell leukemia virus). In this sense, diverse clinical manifestations of ATL should be recognized as events of viral oncogenesis and host immune response.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = leukemia-lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/15. Therapeutic use of fractionated total body and subtotal body irradiation.Ninety-one patients were treated using fractionated subtotal body (STBI) or total body irradiation (TBI). These patients had generalized lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, leukemias, myelomas, seminomas, or oat-cell carcinomas. Subtotal body irradiation is delivered to the entire body, except for the skull and extremities. It was expected that a significantly higher radiation dose could be administered with STBI than with TBI. STBI was given when there was a reasonable likelihood that malignancy did not involve the shielded volumes. A five- to ten-fold increase in tolerance for STBI was demonstrated. Many of these patients have had long-term (up to 17 year--?permanent) remissions. There is little or no treatment-induced symptomatology, and no "sanctuary sites." STBI and TBI are useful therapeutic modalities for many of these malignancies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.0036222651149892keywords = t-cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/15. Preferential epidermotropism in adult t-cell leukemia-lymphoma.Three patients with systemic T-cell leukemia-lymphoma presented with generalized pruritic skin rash which was clinically nondiagnostic. Biopsies revealed infiltration of the superficial dermis by atypical lymphoid cells with epidermal exocytosis (Pautrier abscesses) producing a pattern of histologic involvement indistinguishable from that of mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome. This striking similarity suggests that the phenomenon of preferential epidermotropism is not confined to mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome, but may be a property shared by other subpopulations of t-lymphocytes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.96937355311894keywords = leukemia-lymphoma, adult t-cell, t-cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/15. Noncutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma histologically resembling mycosis fungoides.We have studied the clinical and pathologic features of three patients with a distinctive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the diffuse mixed cell type. The tumors were characterized by a mixture of lymphoid cells of widely varying size and degree of nuclear transformation. A distinctive feature of the neoplastic cells was the presence of cerebriform nuclear contours identical to those seen in mycosis fungoides. Immunologic studies performed on lymph nodes from two patients revealed that the neoplastic cells were T-cells. Characteristic clinical features of the patients were an advanced stage of disease at diagnosis, absence of skin lesions, presence of lung involvement, poor response to aggressive chemotherapy, and a short survival time (9-13 months). The features described closely resemble those of the pleomorphic variant of Japanese adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = leukemia-lymphoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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