1/9. Late orbital haemorrhage around alloplastic orbital floor implants: a case series and review.BACKGROUND: Alloplastic implants have been used to repair orbital wall fractures and correct anophthalmic enophthalmos (or volume deficiency in an anophthalmic socket). Orbital haemorrhage is a rare complication of these implants. METHOD: A retrospective review of patient files of two consultant oculoplastic surgeons. RESULTS: Four cases of orbital haemorrhage following alloplastic implants were identified. The haemorrhages occurred 5-18 years after surgery, and occurred within the pseudocapsule of the implant. In one case, recurrent haemorrhages were noted. CONCLUSION: Although rare, orbital haemorrhage is a potential complication of alloplastic orbital floor implants, which may present many years after surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/9. Orbital emphysema during air travel: a case report.Orbital emphysema is a well-recognized complication of fractures involving the orbit. Commonly, this follows nose blowing and occurs in the subcutaneous tissues. A case of emphysema within the orbital cavity caused by the pressure changes during air travel is presented. The clinical picture was similar to that seen in retrobulbar haemorrhage and required early surgical intervention. Circumstances where patients at risk may be exposed to abnormal atmospheric pressures are highlighted and the management of the condition is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/9. Zygomatic bone fractures complicated by retrobulbar haemorrhage.The two patients described in this report demonstrate retrobulbar haemorrhage as a complication of zygomatic bone fracture. Successful treatment of this rare but very serious complication involves urgent consultation with an ophthalmology service, and immediate medical and surgical management. It is extremely important to check the vision of patients with zygomatic bone fracture, before and after surgery, and consideration should be given to obtaining an ophthalmology opinion for all fractures involving the orbit. A simple examination, which every dentist should be able to perform, should include inspection of the eye, a test of visual acuity, testing eye movements, testing visual fields, reaction of the pupils, and an examination for proptosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.55555555555556keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/9. Influence of age on the management of blow-out fractures of the orbital floor.This study concerns 50 patients with blow-out fractures of the orbital floor, including 15 children, and was designed to evaluate the influence of age on clinical presentation and postoperative results. Fourteen of the 15 children were found to have a trap-door fracture. This type of fracture was not found in adults, who usually present with a large "open-door" fracture. In trap-door fractures, orbital tissues are liable to become trapped and even strangulated. It is therefore suggested that young patients with severely restricted eyeball motility, an unequivocal positive forced duction test, and findings indicating blow-out fracture of the orbital floor on CT, should undergo operative treatment as soon as possible after injury. A "wait and see" policy, keeping the patient under observation, seems to be appropriate for blow-out fractures in adults. Surgical treatment is recommended only in those adult patients who demonstrate impairment of vertical eyeball motility within the mainfield of view after the haemorrhage and oedema have resolved and in whom change in motility is no longer seen and Hertel measurements have stabilized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/9. The medical management of retrobulbar haemorrhage complicating facial fractures: a case report.A case of delayed retrobulbar haemorrhage following an orbital floor fracture is reported. Virtual total loss of vision occurred; however, intense medical therapy produced such a dramatic response that surgical decompression was not necessary. On 6 month follow-up the patients visual function was entirely normal in all respects.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.55555555555556keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/9. Proptosis as a presenting sign of extradural haematoma.A conscious 15-year-old boy presented with progressive proptosis and a severe headache 2 weeks after minor blunt trauma to the head. No neurological deficit was present. Computed tomography demonstrated intracranial and intraorbital cyst-like masses. At craniotomy a subacute extradural haematoma was found which communicated with an orbital subperiosteal haematoma through a shelved orbital roof fracture. The haematomas were drained and the patient made an uneventful postoperative recovery. Although rare, an extradural haemorrhage should be considered in any patient presenting to an ophthalmologist with progressive proptosis and headache following a head injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/9. Nasopharyngeal cavity narrowing associated with posterior maxilla and pterygoid plate fracture: report of three cases.The CT appearances of three cases with severe nasopharyngeal cavity narrowing are described. In all cases the facial trauma was due to a motor vehicle accident. These cases demonstrate that posterior maxilla and pterygoid plate fractures can cause significant nasopharyngeal soft tissues swelling, most likely due to haemorrhage and/or oedema. Severe nasopharyngeal cavity narrowing could cause difficulty in elective nasogastric tube and endotracheal tube intubation via the nasopharyngeal route.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/9. Isolated medial orbital blow-out fracture with medial rectus entrapment.PURPOSE: The authors report on three cases of isolated medial orbital blow-out fracture with medial rectus entrapment which occurred in black males. Only a few similar cases have been reported in the literature. methods: The diagnosis was established with the help of tomography and CT scan of the orbit. RESULTS: The diagnosis could be expected from the clinical signs occurring after blow-out trauma mechanisms: eyelid emphysema, nasal subconjunctival haemorrhage, motility disturbance, enophthalmos. CONCLUSION: An ethnic anatomic hypothesis could explain the predominance of this fracture in blacks. This fracture often remains undiagnosed. The diagnosis was based on axial and especially coronal CT scan of the orbit. The physician should be alerted by some clinical signs that justify these radiographic techniques.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/9. Transorbital penetrating brain injury caused by a toy arrow: a case report.A case of a 9-year-old boy with a transorbital toy-arrow injury to the brain is presented. At admission he was in coma (glasgow coma scale of 6) with right hemiparesis and had a completely prolapsed left eye. Computerized tomography revealed intracranial haemorrhage and fracture of the orbital wall, which were treated conservatively. His left eye was enucleated due to massive injury. At the 6-month check-up the boy still show neurological signs of latent right hemiparesis. Disturbances, mostly cognitive, were noted on his psychological tests. A survey of the literature reveals no report of this nature in the paediatric age group. The necessity of continuous monitoring of new environmental risks as they occur, and the requirement for the prevention of recreational brain injuries in children, is stressed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |