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1/29. Delayed transection of urethra by mersilene tape.

    This report is of a patient with complete urethral transection after undergoing a mersilene sling urethral suspension. This unusual complication eventually presented as anterior urethral pseudodiverticulum containing the mersilene tape with a secondary calculus.
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keywords = calculus
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2/29. Calyceal diverticula in children: unusual features and complications.

    Calyceal diverticulum is a relatively rare lesion that is usually asymptomatic but can assume clinical significance if drainage is impaired. Three patients are presented with unusual complications directly referable to a calyceal diverticulum. One child had a mobile calculus. In 2 others, intrarenal inflammatory masses developed in the area previously occupied by a calyceal diverticulum. One of these children had proved xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and the other had an infected diverticulum.
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keywords = calculus
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3/29. Giant neobladder calculus.

    An unusual case of a calculus in the ileal neobladder is presented. The size of the stone is exceptional in the urologic literature (940 g). Neocystolithotomy was performed, with full patient recovery.
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keywords = calculus
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4/29. Late complication following percutaneous cholecystostomy: retained abdominal wall gallstone.

    A case of recurrent abdominal wall abscess following percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is presented. Transperitoneal PC was performed in an 82-year-old female with calculous cholecystitis. Symptoms resolved and the catheter was removed 29 days later. The patient came back 5 months later with a superficial abscess that was drained and 8 months post PC with a fistula discharging clear fluid. ultrasonography revealed the tract adjacent to an area of inflammation containing a calculus, whereas CT failed to depict the stone. Subsequent surgery confirmed US findings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a dislodged bile stone following percutaneous cholecystostomy.
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keywords = calculus
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5/29. Development of a large bladder calculus on sutures used for pubic bone closure following extrophy repair.

    bladder exstrophy is a rare congenital condition that occurs in 1 to 30,000 live births. Primary bladder closure is usually performed in the first days of life in conjunction with an iliac osteotomy in order to achieve a more secure bladder closure. We report a case of a large bladder stone with secondary right-sided hydronephrosis in a 3-year-old child who underwent exstrophy repair at the age of 7 months. During the exstrophy repair a no. 1 braided, polyester, non-absorbable suture was used to close the pubic bones and served as a nidus for intravesical stone formation. This case substantiates the lithogenic nature of non-absorbable sutures in contact with urine as well as the need for close post-operative follow-up in these patients.
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ranking = 4
keywords = calculus
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6/29. Sonographic appearance of a bladder calculus secondary to a suture from a bladder neck suspension.

    About 2% of all bladder calculi occur in women. Their presence necessitates a careful assessment of the cause. Most bladder calculi secondary to female pelvic surgery result from either obstruction or foreign objects. The presence of nonabsorbable suture material in the bladder is a well-known cause of urinary tract infection and stone formation. We present the sonographic findings in a case of a bladder stone forming around nonabsorbable sutures after a Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation for stress urinary incontinence.
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ranking = 4
keywords = calculus
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7/29. Right hepatic duct opening into the cystic duct: the role of pre- and intraoperative cholangiography.

    Although an aberrant hepatic duct entering the cystic duct is not especially rare, the main right hepatic duct entering the cystic duct is extremely rare. A 69-year-old woman developed severe intermittent right upper quadrant pain and high fever. A diagnosis of acute calculus cholecystitis was made by radiographic examinations. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography demonstrated dilatation of the right hepatic duct, but could not identify the junction of the right hepatic duct and the cystic duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography established that the right hepatic duct joined the cystic duct and that cholecystolithiasis was present. As the right hepatic duct entering the cystic duct can lead to ductal injury, this anomaly should be kept in mind when performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pre- and intraoperative cholangiography contribute to the avoidance of iatrogenic bile duct injury. When the right hepatic duct drains into the cystic duct, the gallbladder should be removed distal to the junction of the hepatic and cystic ducts.
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keywords = calculus
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8/29. surgical mesh used for an inguinal herniorrhaphy acting as a nidus for a bladder calculus.

    We describe an unusual case of surgical mesh used in laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy acting as a nidus for a bladder calculus.
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ranking = 5
keywords = calculus
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9/29. Acute cholecystitis after spinal fusion and instrumentation in children.

    Three children developed noncalculus cholecystitis after spinal fusion and instrumentation for their spinal deformity. Two children responded to conservative therapy, and one required cholecystectomy. If diagnosed early, this complication may be successfully treated by conservative means.
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keywords = calculus
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10/29. Staghorn renal stone in a transplanted kidney.

    Calculus formation in the renal transplanted patient is uncommon and usually represents a late complication of secondary hyperparathyroidism. A case report of a gouty patient with a transplanted cadaveric kidney is presented. The patient presented without hypercalcemia, or urinary infection, or renal tubular acidosis, or ureteral obstruction, or ingestion of antacids, or metabolic disease, or previous graft lithiasis. Five months after transplantation, a large stone within the renal pelvis was observed on an x-ray film. The radiotransparent nucleus, the patient's past history and the acute gouty arthritis he presented in the immediate postoperative period suggested that the nucleus of the calculus might be mainly composed of uric acid. These facts have drawn our attention to the control of the purine metabolism in the renal transplanted patients who have a past history consistent with gout.
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keywords = calculus
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