11/20. prenatal diagnosis of ascites caused by cytomegalovirus hepatitis.The case of a 23-weeks-old fetus is described in whom prenatal ultrasonography revealed ascites accompanied by an increased alpha-fetoprotein concentration in the amnial fluid. Detailed embryopathological work-up carried out after induced abortion demonstrated generalized cytomegalovirus disease and furnished histological proof of transplacental propagation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/20. Embryonic malformations in a case of intrauterine parvovirus B19 infection.An incomplete embryo of 9 weeks development from a woman infected by human parvovirus B19 during early pregnancy was histologically examined. B19-dna was detected in both embryonic and placental tissue by dot-blot hybridization. Focal vascular endothelial damage was found throughout the entire embryo and placenta together with mononuclear infiltrations around the vessels. In the placenta these mononuclear cells belonged for the greater part to the cytotoxic and/or suppressor T-cell group. One eye showed lens abnormalities and retinal folds. The other eye was microphthalmic and aphakic and showed dysplasia of the sclera, anterior segment, and retina. The skeletal muscle cells displayed a general eosinophilic degeneration. Focally, similar changes were found in heart muscle and smooth muscle tissue. In several tissues pathologic effects at a cellular level were noted, as intranuclear vacuole-like inclusions and nuclear ballooning. On the basis of this study it is concluded that human parvovirus B19 may affect several fetal tissues and may even have teratological effects on a developing human embryo.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/20. Congenital rubella infection after previous immunity of the mother.A newborn boy was admitted with a congenital rubella infection. Seven years previously his mother had been vaccinated against rubella; 3 years previously rubella immunity had been confirmed. Therefore, intrauterine transmission must have occurred after maternal reinfection during pregnancy. prenatal diagnosis of rubella embryopathy with serological methods after subclinical maternal reinfection is nearly impossible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/20. Rubella embryopathy after previous maternal rubella vaccination.This report concerns a boy with congenital rubella infection and features of the classical and expanded rubella syndrome who was born to a mother who had been successfully vaccinated with Cendehill vaccine seven years previously. The diagnosis of rubella embryopathy was confirmed by demonstrating rubella-specific serum IgM antibodies using four different methods, by the persistence of rubella HAI and IgG antibodies in serum taken between three and eight months of age and by the isolation of rubella virus from throat secretion, urine and blood mononuclear cells. The child died at eight-and-a-half months of age. This case is discussed in relation to the persistence of vaccine-induced immunity with particular respect to the protective quality of low levels of antibodies against intrauterine infection in the event of re-infection during pregnancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/20. Rubella embryopathy after maternal reinfection.Reinfection with rubella is possible. The real risk for fetus and newborn is not known, as are the incidences of rubella reinfection during pregnancy and congenital rubella infection after maternal reinfection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/20. Absence of varicella zoster dna in varicella embryopathy tissue utilizing the polymerase chain reaction.We have previously examined a case of varicella embryopathy (VE) occurring in a 41-week gestational age infant, showing some of the most severe lesions reported to be associated with the syndrome to date. A previous survey of the postmortem tissue with two anti-varicella zoster antibodies was negative. It was hypothesized that if varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was associated with VE, a latent viral infection might be expected, similar to that occurring in adults infected with VZV. Subsequently, an attempt was made to identify dna encoding three separate and specific VZV genes using the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction from formalin-fixed tissues of the central nervous system including cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and brainstem, in addition to frozen tissue of liver, adrenal, and thymus. Although amplifications utilizing primers for a normal human dna sequence (ME491) demonstrated the ability of the samples to serve as a target for the PCR, none of the samples contained amplifiable VZV dna. Substitution of biotin 11-dUTP in the PCR and subsequent detection of the biotinylated amplimers resulted in a large increase of the sensitivity of the PCR amplimer detection, but still failed to detect the presence of VZV dna in the samples. The most likely explanation for these findings suggests a complete destruction of fetal tissue tropic for VZV with a subsequent inability for a latent VZV infection to be established.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/20. Unusual uterine malformation. Double cervix with single corpus and single vagina.An unusual uterine malformation in which double cervix was the sole mullerian tube fusion defect is presented. It was associated with numerous other congenital anomalies in a 4-month-old infant with normal chromosome studies. The embryologic significance of this defective fusion is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/20. Congenital conjunctivo-limbo-corneal choristoma associated with marginal keratopathy.We report a case of a three day old African baby who presented with a three day history of injected right eye. Examination disclosed an injected conjunctivo-limbo-corneal choristoma with associated marginal keratitis. Investigation disclosed a high maternal titer of rubella antibodies. The marginal lesions responded well to topical corticosteroids. Clinical manifestations of ocular choristomas epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis and indications for surgical treatment are discussed. We assume that an embryological error was the cause for the development of the choristomatous lesion but we cannot exclude the possibility of occult rubella infection during the early stages of pregnancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/20. Intrauterine candidiasis in a twin pregnancy after myomectomy, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.A IVF twin pregnancy in a patient who had previously undergone a myomectomy ended in a intrauterine infection, placental abruption and fetal losses at 21 weeks. Intrauterine candidiasis may have played a role in the pathogenesis of the unsuccessful outcome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/20. First trimester pregnancy loss associated with varicella zoster virus infection: histological definition of a case.Pathological demonstration of varicella infection in first trimester aborted tissue is reported. A 24-year-old primigravida manifested chickenpox infection about 38 days after her last menstrual period or at 24 days age of the embryo. The conceptus survived another 4 to 5 weeks. The macerated embryo and placental tissue revealed nuclear changes consistent with varicella infection. Immunohistochemical stains and electron microscopy were confirmatory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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